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Life
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Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV)
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Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV)

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 September 2024 | Viewed by 3643

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Vasileios Papatsiros

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
Interests: porcine medicine; porcine herd health management; porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV); porcine-circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD); porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC); reproductive diseases in sows and boars; welfare and production; heat stress; alternatives to antibiotics; vaccines; feed additives; mycotoxins; zoonoses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Georgios Papakonstantinou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Clinic of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
Interests: porcine herd health management; porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV); porcine circovirus-associated diseases (PCVAD); porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC); welfare management; antioxidants; vaccines; mycotoxins; zoonoses
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) remains a major cause of significant economic loss in the global swine industry. PRRSV is responsible for reproductive failure in breeding animals and respiratory diseases in nursery, weaning, and growing-finishing pigs characterized by reduced growth performance and increased mortality rate, mostly in neonatal pigs. The virus is also considered to be one of the most important pathogens causing the porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC), which is associated with huge economic losses in the global pig industry.

The high impact of PRRSV on the swine industry has stimulated the development of vaccines to control the disease in both growing and breeding animals. The most common PRRSV vaccines are categorized into modified-live virus (MLV) vaccines and inactivated (KV) vaccines. Both MLV and KV vaccines are currently commercially available for use in breeding pigs in several countries worldwide. At present, commercial vaccines are available but cannot protect pigs from infection by heterogenous strains. In addition, they have serious side effects. Therefore, vaccination is highly controversial. The pathogenesis of the PRRS remains unclear, and further research is needed for therapeutics.

The aim of this Special Issue is to gather a collection of review or original research articles on PRRSV. Specifically, submissions that include but are not limited to the following are welcome:

  1. Efficacy of commercial vaccines under field conditions;
  2. Development and new technology on vaccines;
  3. PRRSV interactions with other viruses and bacteria;
  4. Inhibition/regulation of the immune response by PRRSV;
  5. PRRSV pathogenesis and immune response to PRRSV infection;
  6. Antivirals’ development against PRRSV infection.

Dr. Vasileios Papatsiros
Dr. Georgios Papakonstantinou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • PRRS
  • pathogenesis
  • immune
  • prevention
  • vaccines
  • vaccinology
  • pig

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 11121 KiB  
Article
Histopathological Pulmonary Lesions in 1st-Day Newborn Piglets Derived from PRRSV-1 MLV Vaccinated Sows at the Last Stage of Gestation
by Georgios I. Papakonstantinou, Dimitra Psalla, Aris Pourlis, Ioanna Stylianaki, Labrini V. Athanasiou, Eleni Tzika, Eleftherios Meletis, Polychronis Kostoulas, George Maragkakis, Georgios Christodoulopoulos, Nikolaos Papaioannou and Vasileios G. Papatsiros
Life 2023, 13(7), 1609; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13071609 - 23 Jul 2023
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Abstract
Modified live virus (MLV) vaccines for the control of porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) have been associated with the vertical and horizontal transmission of vaccine viruses. The present study aimed to describe pathological lung lesions in piglets born by gilts vaccinated [...] Read more.
Modified live virus (MLV) vaccines for the control of porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV) have been associated with the vertical and horizontal transmission of vaccine viruses. The present study aimed to describe pathological lung lesions in piglets born by gilts vaccinated with PRRSV-1 MLV. In total, 25 gilts were vaccinated at late gestation (100th day) and were divided into five groups according to the different vaccines (Vac) used: no vaccine—control group, Vac-1—strain DV, Vac-2—strain VP-046 BIS, Vac-3—strain 94881, Vac-4—strain 96V198. Within the first 0–9 h of the farrowing, blood samples were collected from all newborn piglets and lung samples were exanimated grossly, histopathologically and with scanning electron microscopy. PRRSV (RT-PCR-positive) and antibodies were detected in the serum of piglets from gilts vaccinated with Vac-2. In these piglets, moderate to severe interstitial pneumonia with thickened alveolar septa was noticed. Type II pneumocyte hyperplasia was also observed. The rest of the trial piglets showed unremarkable lung lesions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the 98.7% similarity of the PRRSV field strain (GR 2019-1) to the PRRS MLV vaccine strain VP-046 BIS. In conclusion, the Vac-2 PRRSV vaccine strain can act as an infectious strain when vaccination is administrated at late gestation, causing lung lesions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV))
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11 pages, 3519 KiB  
Article
Molecular Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) 1 in Taiwan during 2019–2020
by Fu-Chun Hsueh, Kun-Lin Kuo, Feng-Yang Hsu, Sheng-Yuan Wang, Hsien-Jen Chiu, Meng-Tien Wu, Chuen-Fu Lin, Yu-Han Huang, Ming-Tang Chiou and Chao-Nan Lin
Life 2023, 13(3), 843; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13030843 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1657
Abstract
Two variants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), PRRSV 1 and PRRSV 2, have caused abortion in pregnant sows and respiratory distress in nursery pigs worldwide. PRRSV 2 has been thoroughly researched in Taiwan since 1993; however, the first case of [...] Read more.
Two variants of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), PRRSV 1 and PRRSV 2, have caused abortion in pregnant sows and respiratory distress in nursery pigs worldwide. PRRSV 2 has been thoroughly researched in Taiwan since 1993; however, the first case of PRRSV 1 was not reported until late 2018. To decipher the genetic characteristics of PRRSV 1 in Taiwan, open reading frame 5 (ORF5) genes of PRRSV 1 strains collected from 11 individual pig farms in 2019–2020 were successfully sequenced. All Taiwanese ORF5 sequences were closely related to Spanish-like PRRSV strains, which are considered to share a common evolutionary origin with the strain used for the PRRSV 1 vaccine. Analyses of amino acid (aa) and non-synonymous substitutions showed that genetic variations resulted in numerously specific codon mutations scattered across the neutralizing epitopes within the ORF5 gene. The PRRSV 1 challenge experiment disclosed the pathogenetic capability of the NPUST2789 isolate in nursery pigs. These findings provide comprehensive knowledge of the molecular diversity of the PRRSV 1 variant in local Taiwanese fields and facilitate the development of suitable immunization programs against this disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV))
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