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Life
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Prevention, Assessment and Management of Infectious Diseases
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Prevention, Assessment and Management of Infectious Diseases

A special issue of Life (ISSN 2075-1729). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 3215

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Gulay Korukluoglu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Public Health Institute, University of Health Sciences, 06500 Ankara, Türkiye
2. Bilkent City Hospital 06800 Ankara, Türkiye
Interests: virology; vaccine-preventable diseases; outbreak response; vaccination; laboratory-based surveillance
Dr. Bedia Dinç

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Microbiology Department in Ankara Cıty Hospital affiliated University of Health Sciences, 06500 Ankara, Türkiye
Interests: medical microbiology; infective endocarditis; infants
Prof. Dr. Jean-ralph Zahar

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. APHP, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Paris Seine Saint-Denis, 93140 Bondy, France
2. IAME, UMR 1137, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris 13, 75005 Paris, France
Interests: infection control; antimicrobial resistance; antimircrobial stewardship; health acquired infection; environmental contamination
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Today, one of the most important problems of the world is infectious diseases and outbreaks. In the spread of infectious diseases and the emergence of newly identified agents such as changing climatic conditions and environmental pollution, the unequal distribution of resources and increasing population mobility factors appear to be influential. This situation has shown us that health policies can no longer be formed independently of the concepts of the environment, climate and nature and that the focus of health planning cannot only be humans.

The most important component in the prevention of an outbreak is the determination of the causative agent by detecting the first cases in the early period. A multidisciplinary approach in which epidemiology, laboratory and clinical departments will work together is important in epidemic management. If the pathogen is a previously defined agent and a vaccine is already available, it is easier to fight infectious diseases. Vaccination is an effective, safe and cost-effective method of protecting human health and preventing communicable diseases.  Vaccination programs increase the quality of life of patients and decrease the frequency of vaccine-preventable diseases and health care costs, not only protecting vaccinated individuals, but also preventing the transmission of the disease to unvaccinated individuals in the community. However, measures that should be taken for emerging and re-emerging infectious agents today require new diagnostic methods, treatments and prevention measures. With the developing technology, it is possible to determine the origin of the agent and the transmission routes and to perform molecular epidemiological follow-ups.

Prof. Dr. Gulay Korukluoglu
Dr. Bedia Dinç
Prof. Dr. Jean-ralph Zahar
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Life is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • infectious diseases
  • public health
  • vaccination
  • molecular diagnostics
  • outbreak response
  • epidemiology of communicable diseases

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 274 KiB  
Article
Renal Impairment Impact and Survival Analysis in a Romanian Cohort of HIV-1(F1)-Infected Children and Adolescents
by Raluca Isac, Rodica Costa, Mirela Frandes, Voichita Elena Lazureanu, Ramona Florina Stroescu, Ruxandra Maria Steflea, Iulia-Cristina Bagiu, Florin George Horhat, Gratiana Nicoleta Chicin, Avram Cecilia Roberta, Pacurari Alina Cornelia, Gabriela Doros and Mihai Gafencu
Life 2023, 13(4), 888; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13040888 - 27 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1182
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus that is transmissible through blood and other body fluids. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, an estimated 10,000 Romanian children were infected with HIV-1 subtype F nosocomially through contaminated needles and untested blood transfusions. Romania [...] Read more.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus that is transmissible through blood and other body fluids. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, an estimated 10,000 Romanian children were infected with HIV-1 subtype F nosocomially through contaminated needles and untested blood transfusions. Romania was a special case in the global acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic, displaying the largest population of HIV-infected children by parental transmission between 1987–1990. In total, 205 HIV-infected patients from the western part of Romania were analyzed in this retrospective study. Over 70% of them had experienced horizontal transmission from an unknown source, while vertical transmission was identified in only five cases. Most patients had a moderate to severe clinical manifestation of HIV infection, 77.56% had undergone antiretroviral (ARV) treatment, most of them (71.21%) had experienced no adverse reactions and many of those with HIV (90.73%) had an undetectable viral load. Renal impairment was detected in one third of patients (34.63%). Patients born before 1990, male patients, patients diagnosed with HIV before the age of 10, and those undernourished or with renal impairment had a shorter average survival time than the group born after 1990, female patients, patients receiving ARV treatment, patients with a normal body mass index (BMI) and those without renal impairment. Periodical monitoring of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) level, as well as the detection of protein excretion, should be taken into consideration worldwide when monitoring HIV-positive patients; this in order to detect even asymptomatic chronic kidney disease (CKD), and to manage these patients and prolong their lives. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention, Assessment and Management of Infectious Diseases)

Review

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16 pages, 1106 KiB  
Review
From Tick to Test: A Comprehensive Review of Tick-Borne Disease Diagnostics and Surveillance Methods in the United States
by Sean Rowan, Nazleen Mohseni, Mariann Chang, Hannah Burger, Mykah Peters and Sheema Mir
Life 2023, 13(10), 2048; https://doi.org/10.3390/life13102048 - 13 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1640
Abstract
Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) have become a significant public health concern in the United States over the past few decades. The increasing incidence and geographical spread of these diseases have prompted the implementation of robust surveillance systems to monitor their prevalence, distribution, and impact [...] Read more.
Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) have become a significant public health concern in the United States over the past few decades. The increasing incidence and geographical spread of these diseases have prompted the implementation of robust surveillance systems to monitor their prevalence, distribution, and impact on human health. This comprehensive review describes key disease features with the geographical distribution of all known tick-borne pathogens in the United States, along with examining disease surveillance efforts, focusing on strategies, challenges, and advancements. Surveillance methods include passive and active surveillance, laboratory-based surveillance, sentinel surveillance, and a One Health approach. Key surveillance systems, such as the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS), TickNET, and the Tick-Borne Disease Laboratory Network (TBDLN), are discussed. Data collection and reporting challenges, such as underreporting and misdiagnosis, are highlighted. The review addresses challenges, including lack of standardization, surveillance in non-human hosts, and data integration. Innovations encompass molecular techniques, syndromic surveillance, and tick surveillance programs. Implications for public health cover prevention strategies, early detection, treatment, and public education. Future directions emphasize enhanced surveillance networks, integrated vector management, research priorities, and policy implications. This review enhances understanding of TBD surveillance, aiding in informed decision-making for effective disease prevention and control. By understanding the current surveillance landscape, public health officials, researchers, and policymakers can make informed decisions to mitigate the burden of (TBDs). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention, Assessment and Management of Infectious Diseases)
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