Editorial

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4 pages, 542 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology

by Georg Mathias Sprinzl and Astrid Magele

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(11), 1820; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12111820 - 02 Nov 2022

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Abstract

Globally, more than 1.5 billion people experience some degree of hearing loss [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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Research

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14 pages, 1406 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Validation of the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale SSQ12 for Native Romanian Speakers with and without Hearing Impairment

by Luminita Radulescu, Oana Astefanei, Roxana Serban, Sebastian Cozma, Corina Butnaru and Cristian Martu

J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(1), 90; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14010090 - 13 Jan 2024

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Abstract

Background: The perceived impact of hearing loss varies considerably among those affected due to the heterogeneous types of hearing loss, their diverse etiologies, and the different rehabilitation possibilities. Therefore, assessing listening skills in a daily context using questionnaires is essential. This study aimed [...] Read more.

Background: The perceived impact of hearing loss varies considerably among those affected due to the heterogeneous types of hearing loss, their diverse etiologies, and the different rehabilitation possibilities. Therefore, assessing listening skills in a daily context using questionnaires is essential. This study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the adapted version of the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale 12 (SSQ12) in the Romanian language. Materials and Methods: The SSQ12 is a 12-item self-reporting questionnaire that assesses a range of everyday listening situations. The internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and validity of the r-SSQ12 questionnaire resulting from the adaptation of the original scale were investigated. Results: The responses of 183 subjects aged between 11 and 79 years were evaluated. In total, 121 subjects had hearing loss (19 adolescents), and 62 subjects had normal hearing (11 adolescents). Significant differences were observed in the means of the overall score and for individual items between normal-hearing subjects and subjects with hearing loss. The SSQ12 had high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.97), and the test–retest scores were highly correlated. Conclusions: The SSQ12 scale can be used to investigate the self-reporting of hearing quality in both general populations to identify hearing disorders and populations with hearing loss. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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17 pages, 456 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preschool Children with Hearing Loss: Social Communication and Parenting Stress

by Magdalena Dall, Christoph Weber, Daniel Holzinger, Doris Binder, Johannes Hofer, Sonja Horvarth, Daiva Müllegger, Christoph Rosenthaler, Ruth Zöhrer and Johannes Fellinger

J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(1), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14010047 - 29 Dec 2023

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Abstract

Studies on parenting stress (PS) in parents of children with hearing loss (HL) have found relationships between child behavior, language skills and parenting stress. The role of early social communication skills has not been researched before. The aim of this cross-sectional study was [...] Read more.

Studies on parenting stress (PS) in parents of children with hearing loss (HL) have found relationships between child behavior, language skills and parenting stress. The role of early social communication skills has not been researched before. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between child behavior, social communication and PS. The study was performed in a subgroup of a total population sample from the AChild (Austrian Children with Hearing Impairment–Longitudinal Databank) study. Preschool children (n = 81) with all degrees of HL and average cognitive functioning and their families were included, and the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) was used. Through factor component analysis, compound scores for externalizing/internalizing problem behavior and hyperactivity were analyzed. Although mean PS was not elevated, the proportion of those with elevated scores was higher compared with the norm population. There was a strong correlation between child behavior problems and PS (strongest correlation: externalizing problem behavior r = 0.643; p < 0.001). All three problem behaviors accounted for 49.7% of the variance in PS. An indirect effect of social communication on PS was almost completely mediated by problem behavior (especially hyperactivity). The importance of social communication development with respect to problem behavior and PS is highlighted. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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12 pages, 2410 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Is Age a Limiting Factor for Audiological Results in Active Middle Ear Implants?

by J. Manuel Morales-Puebla, Luis Lassaletta, Isabel Sánchez-Cuadrado, Miryam Calvino and Javier Gavilán

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(12), 1650; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13121650 - 26 Nov 2023

Viewed by 882

Abstract

Active middle ear implants (AMEI) are implantable options for patients with sensorineural, conductive, or mixed hearing loss who are not good candidates for hearing aids. The aim of this study was to compare audiological, surgical, quality of life, and sound quality outcomes in [...] Read more.

Active middle ear implants (AMEI) are implantable options for patients with sensorineural, conductive, or mixed hearing loss who are not good candidates for hearing aids. The aim of this study was to compare audiological, surgical, quality of life, and sound quality outcomes in adults <60 and ≥60 years receiving an AMEI. Twenty adult patients who underwent AMEI implantation were divided into two groups, <60 and ≥60 y. Preoperative tests included pure-tone average and speech discrimination score (SDS) at 65 dB for disyllabic words in quiet. Postoperative measures included AMEI-aided bone conduction threshold, free-field warble-tone threshold, and SDS at 65 dB for disyllabic words in quiet 12 months after the AMEI fitting. Subjective benefit was evaluated using the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire (NCIQ), Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI), and Hearing Implant Sound Quality Index (HISQUI₁₉). Mean functional gain was 32 and 30 dB, and SDS at 65 dB improved from 19 to 95% and from 31 to 84% in the <60 and ≥60 y groups, respectively. All NCIQ domains improved following surgery, and all patients had a positive overall GBI score. The mean HISQUI₁₉ score was 97 in both age groups. AMEIs are an effective hearing restoration method for older adults suffering from conductive or mixed hearing loss. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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12 pages, 2460 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Active Implantable Hearing Devices: Reports from the Daily Radiological Routine in an Outpatient MR Center

by Julia Fruehwald-Pallamar, Franz Fruehwald, Laura Holzer-Fruehwald, Richard Nolz, Christian Stoiber and Georg Mathias Sprinzl

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(8), 1220; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13081220 - 31 Jul 2023

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Abstract

Purpose: For people with hearing implants (HI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) still presents some difficulties due to the built-in magnet. Radiologists often have concerns regarding complications associated with HIs. The aim of this study was to record the experiences of HI users during [...] Read more.

Purpose: For people with hearing implants (HI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) still presents some difficulties due to the built-in magnet. Radiologists often have concerns regarding complications associated with HIs. The aim of this study was to record the experiences of HI users during and after MRI examinations. Method: A survey including 15 questions regarding MRI specifics, namely changes in hearing ability, hearing/sound impressions, pain, uncomfortable feelings, etc., were mailed to our patients. Results: Overall, 79 patients with HI had a total of 159 MR examinations in our institute. A total of 45 HI recipients reported back: 35% stated that they had been rejected by an MRI Institute because of their HI. Their feelings/impression ratings during the measurements were not present and therefore were not rated for the majority (49%), 42% of the HI users rated the pain with 0 (no pain), 2% with 1 (very light pain), 4% with 5 (acceptable pain), and 2% rated the pain with 7, which is between acceptable and strong pain. One examination resulted in a dislocation of the magnet of a cochlear implant (CI 512 Cochlear Limited). No adverse events were reported for MED-EL HI users in the survey (none of the contacted AB users answered the questionnaire). The reported mean daily wearing time was 11.6 ± 4.6 h per day for 6.3 ± 1.7 days per week. Conclusions: Based on these results and our experience we conclude that MRI examinations with HI are safe given that the measurements are performed according to the safety policies and procedures released by the manufacturers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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14 pages, 2202 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Using Anatomy-Based Fitting to Reduce Frequency-to-Place Mismatch in Experienced Bilateral Cochlear Implant Users: A Promising Concept

by Anja Kurz, David Herrmann, Rudolf Hagen and Kristen Rak

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(7), 1109; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13071109 - 08 Jul 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1550

Abstract

Fitting cochlear implant (CI) users can be challenging. Anatomy-based fitting (ABF) maps may have the potential to lead to better objective and subjective outcomes than conventional clinically based fitting (CBF) methods. ABF maps were created via information derived from exact electrode contact positions, [...] Read more.

Fitting cochlear implant (CI) users can be challenging. Anatomy-based fitting (ABF) maps may have the potential to lead to better objective and subjective outcomes than conventional clinically based fitting (CBF) methods. ABF maps were created via information derived from exact electrode contact positions, which were determined via post-operative high-resolution flat panel volume computer tomography and clinical fitting software. The outcome measures were speech understanding in quiet and noise and self-perceived sound quality with the CBF map and with the ABF map. Participants were 10 experienced bilateral CI users. The ABF map provided better speech understanding in quiet and noisy environments compared to the CBF map. Additionally, two approaches of reducing the frequency-to-place mismatch revealed that participants are more likely to accept the ABF map if their electrode array is inserted deep enough to stimulate the apical region of their cochlea. This suggests an Angular Insertion Depth of the most apical contact of around 720°–620°. Participants had better speech understanding in quiet and noise with the ABF map. The maps’ self-perceived sound quality was similar. ABF mapping may be an effective tool for compensating the frequency-to-place mismatch in experienced bilateral CI users. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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15 pages, 1698 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Intra- and Interrater Reliability of CT- versus MRI-Based Cochlear Duct Length Measurement in Pediatric Cochlear Implant Candidates and Its Impact on Personalized Electrode Array Selection

by Jan Peter Thomas, Hannah Klein, Imme Haubitz, Stefan Dazert and Christiane Völter

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(4), 633; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040633 - 04 Apr 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1227

Abstract

Background: Radiological high-resolution computed tomography-based evaluation of cochlear implant candidates’ cochlear duct length (CDL) has become the method of choice for electrode array selection. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if MRI-based data match CT-based data and if this impacts [...] Read more.

Background: Radiological high-resolution computed tomography-based evaluation of cochlear implant candidates’ cochlear duct length (CDL) has become the method of choice for electrode array selection. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if MRI-based data match CT-based data and if this impacts on electrode array choice. Methods: Participants were 39 children. CDL, length at two turns, diameters, and height of the cochlea were determined via CT and MRI by three raters using tablet-based otosurgical planning software. Personalized electrode array length, angular insertion depth (AID), intra- and interrater differences, and reliability were calculated. Results: Mean intrarater difference of CT- versus MRI-based CDL was 0.528 ± 0.483 mm without significant differences. Individual length at two turns differed between 28.0 mm and 36.6 mm. Intrarater reliability between CT versus MRI measurements was high (intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC): 0.929–0.938). Selection of the optimal electrode array based on CT and MRI matched in 90.1% of cases. Mean AID was 629.5° based on the CT and 634.6° based on the MRI; this is not a significant difference. ICC of the mean interrater reliability was 0.887 for the CT-based evaluation and 0.82 for the MRI-based evaluation. Conclusion: MRI-based CDL measurement shows a low intrarater difference and a high interrater reliability and is therefore suitable for personalized electrode array selection. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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6 pages, 493 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Novel Representation of Audiological and Subjective Findings for Acoustical, Bone Conduction and Direct Drive Hearing Solutions

by Georg Mathias Sprinzl, Astrid Magele, Philipp Schoerg, Rudolf Hagen, Kristen Rak, Anja Kurz, Paul Van de Heyning, Miryam Calvino, Luis Lassaletta and Javier Gavilán

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(3), 462; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13030462 - 01 Mar 2023

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Abstract

Background: The benefit of hearing rehabilitation is often measured using audiological tests or subjective questionnaires/interviews. It is important to consider both aspects in order to evaluate the overall benefits. Currently, there is no standardized method for reporting combined audiological and patient reported subjective [...] Read more.

Background: The benefit of hearing rehabilitation is often measured using audiological tests or subjective questionnaires/interviews. It is important to consider both aspects in order to evaluate the overall benefits. Currently, there is no standardized method for reporting combined audiological and patient reported subjective outcome measures in clinical practice. Therefore, this study focuses on showing the patient’s audiological, as well as subjective outcomes in one graph using data from an existing study. Method: The present paper illustrated a graph presenting data on four quadrants with audiological and subjective findings. These quadrants represented speech comprehension in quiet (unaided vs. aided) as WRS% at 65 dB SPL, speech recognition in noise (unaided vs. aided) as SRT dB SNR, sound field threshold (unaided vs. aided) as PTA₄ in dB HL, wearing time and patient satisfaction questionnaire results. Results: As an example, the HEARRING graph in this paper represented audiological and subjective datasets on a single patient level or a cohort of patients for an active bone conduction hearing implant solution. The graph offered the option to follow the user’s performance in time. Conclusion: The HEARRING graph allowed representation of a combination of audiological measures with patient reported outcomes in one single graph, indicating the overall benefit of the intervention. In addition, the correlation and consistency between some results (e.g., aided threshold and aided WRS) can be better visualized. Those users who lacked performance benefits on one or more parameters and called for further insight could be visually identified. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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8 pages, 1524 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Online HEARRING Counselling 1.0 Platform Provides Clinicians with Comprehensive Information on Hearing Device Solutions for Conductive, Mixed, and Sensorineural Hearing Loss

by Rudolf Hagen, Kristen Rak, Anja Kurz, Wolf-Dieter Baumgartner, Javier Gavilán and Paul van de Heyning

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(12), 2027; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12122027 - 07 Dec 2022

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Abstract

A platform to help clinicians ensure that hearing device candidates are informed about the benefits and drawbacks of their recommended treatment option would be of clinical counselling benefit because it could help each candidate form realistic expectations about life with their treatment option. [...] Read more.

A platform to help clinicians ensure that hearing device candidates are informed about the benefits and drawbacks of their recommended treatment option would be of clinical counselling benefit because it could help each candidate form realistic expectations about life with their treatment option. Following the World Café approach, 54 participants (surgeons, audiologist, and researchers) generated lists of the benefits and drawbacks of each treatment option for single-sided deafness (SSD) and bone conduction (BC) solutions. They then prioritized the benefits and drawbacks. After the World Café, literature research was performed on each topic to check if the statements (on benefits and drawbacks) are supported by quality peer-reviewed publications. Each participant was surveyed to ensure a collective agreement was reached. The HEARRING Counselling 1.0 Platform was developed. Thus far, sections for SSD and BC solutions have been completed. Initial feedback has been highly positive. The platform will be expanded to cover middle ear implant solutions and cochlear implants. A plan is in place to ensure the information continues to be timely. The HEARRING Counselling 1.0 helps clinicians provide comprehensive information to candidates about their treatment option and thereby helps establish that candidates have realistic expectations about the benefits and drawbacks of device use. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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5 pages, 352 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Patient-Reported Postoperative Pain and Numbness: Applications for Endoscopic vs. Microscopic Ear Surgery

by Alexander Chern, Rahul K. Sharma, Maeher R. Grewal and Justin S. Golub

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(10), 1718; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12101718 - 14 Oct 2022

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Abstract

Background: Transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) avoids a postauricular incision, which has been shown to minimize pain and numbness. Our objective is to assess how much patients value minimizing pain and numbness relative to other postoperative otologic outcomes. Methods: Cross-sectional anonymous surveys were [...] Read more.

Background: Transcanal endoscopic ear surgery (TEES) avoids a postauricular incision, which has been shown to minimize pain and numbness. Our objective is to assess how much patients value minimizing pain and numbness relative to other postoperative otologic outcomes. Methods: Cross-sectional anonymous surveys were distributed to otolaryngology clinic patients in a tertiary care center. Patients were instructed to rate how much they value various outcomes when undergoing hypothetical ear surgery on a scale of 0 (not important) to 10 (very important). Results: 102 patients responded. Ten percent of survey respondents were Spanish-speaking. Outcomes of the highest importance included hearing (mean 9.3; SD 1.9), staff friendliness (8.9; 1.8), numbness (8.3; 2.4), and pain (8.1; 2.5). Outcomes of moderate importance included time spent under anesthesia (7.0; 3.2), scar visibility (6.3; 3.5), incision size (5.5; 3.4), incision hidden in the ear canal (5.4, 3.9), and surgery cost to the hospital (5.1; 3.9). In linear regression analysis, increasing age was associated with decreased value placed on incision size (p < 0.001) and scar visibility (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Patients placed a high value on minimizing pain and numbness after ear surgery, nearly as much as a good hearing outcome. These patient-centric outcomes are important in justifying the minimally invasive approach of TEES. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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7 pages, 1510 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of Cochlear Parameters in Paediatric Inner Ears with Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct and Patent Cochlea

by Jianan Li, Shuoshuo Kang, Haiqiao Du, Shuwei Wang, Dandan Wang, Mengyu Liu and Shiming Yang

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(10), 1666; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12101666 - 07 Oct 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1528

Abstract

Is cochlear implant (CI) electrode selection for cochleae with an enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) the same as that for patent cochleae with a normal inner ear structure? Preoperative high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images of 247 ears were assessed retrospectively. The A-value, B-value, and [...] Read more.

Is cochlear implant (CI) electrode selection for cochleae with an enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) the same as that for patent cochleae with a normal inner ear structure? Preoperative high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images of 247 ears were assessed retrospectively. The A-value, B-value, and H-value were measured with OTOPLAN, and Bell curves were created to show the distribution. All ears with EVA were re-evaluated using a 3D slicer to confirm whether incomplete partition type II (IP II) existed. The Mann–Whitney U-test was applied to determine a statistically significant difference. After adjustment with the Bonferroni correction method, a p-value ≤ 0.006 was considered significant. In total, 157 ears with patent cochlea and 90 ears with EVA were assessed. Seventy (82%) of the EVA ears had an IP II malformation, and 14 (19%) of these were not detected by CT scan but were later seen through the 3D reconstruction. A significant difference was found for the A value and B value between the patent cochleae and EVA-only and between the patent cochleae and EVA with IP II. Most EVA cases had an IP II malformation. The basal turn of the cochlea may be smaller in EVA cases than in the patent cochleae. Electrode selection should be adjusted accordingly. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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11 pages, 1003 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Do Not Go Gentle into That Deaf Night: A Holistic Perspective on Cochlear Implant Use as Part of Healthy Aging

by Angelika Illg, Julia Lukaschyk, Eugen Kludt, Anke Lesinski-Schiedat and Mareike Billinger-Finke

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(10), 1658; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12101658 - 05 Oct 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1630

Abstract

Research suggests that cochlear implant (CI) use in elderly people improves speech perception and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). CI provision could also prevent dementia and other comorbidities and support healthy aging. The aim of this study was (1) to prospectively investigate potential [...] Read more.

Research suggests that cochlear implant (CI) use in elderly people improves speech perception and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). CI provision could also prevent dementia and other comorbidities and support healthy aging. The aim of this study was (1) to prospectively investigate potential changes in HRQOL and speech perception and (2) to identify clinical action points to improve CI treatment. Participants (n = 45) were CI recipients aged 60–90 with postlingual deafness. They were divided into groups, according to age: Group 1 (n = 20) received a CI between the age of 60–70 years; group 2 (n = 25) between the age of 71–90 years. HRQOL and speech perception were assessed preoperatively, and three and twelve months postoperatively. HRQOL and speech perception increased significantly within one year postoperatively in both groups. No difference between groups was found. We conclude that CI treatment improves speech perception and HRQOL in elderly users. Improvement of the referral process for CI treatment and a holistic approach when discussing CI treatment in the elderly population could prevent auditory deprivation and the deterioration of cognitive abilities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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9 pages, 250 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Minimally Traumatic Cochlear Implant Surgery: Expert Opinion in 2010 and 2020

by Vedat Topsakal, Sumit Agrawal, Marcus Atlas, Wolf-Dieter Baumgartner, Kevin Brown, Iain A. Bruce, Stefan Dazert, Rudolf Hagen, Luis Lassaletta, Robert Mlynski, Christopher H. Raine, Gunesh P. Rajan, Joachim Schmutzhard, Georg Mathias Sprinzl, Hinrich Staecker, Shin-ichi Usami, Vincent Van Rompaey, Mario Zernotti and Paul van de Heyning

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(10), 1551; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12101551 - 21 Sep 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1464

Abstract

This study aimed to discover expert opinion on the surgical techniques and materials most likely to achieve maximum postoperative residual hearing preservation in cochlear implant (CI) surgery and to determine how these opinions have changed since 2010. A previously published questionnaire used in [...] Read more.

This study aimed to discover expert opinion on the surgical techniques and materials most likely to achieve maximum postoperative residual hearing preservation in cochlear implant (CI) surgery and to determine how these opinions have changed since 2010. A previously published questionnaire used in a study published in 2010 was adapted and expanded. The questionnaire was distributed to an international group of experienced CI surgeons. Present results were compared, via descriptive statistics, to those from the 2010 survey. Eighteen surgeons completed the questionnaire. Respondents clearly favored the following: round window insertion, slow array insertion, and the peri- and postoperative use of systematic antibiotics. Insertion depth was regarded as important, and electrode arrays less likely to induce trauma were preferred. The usefulness of dedicated soft-surgery training was also recognized. A lack of agreement was found on whether the middle ear cavity should be flushed with a non-aminoglycoside antibiotic solution or whether a sheath or insertion tube should be used to avoid contaminating the array with blood or bone dust. In conclusion, this paper demonstrates how beliefs about CI soft surgery have changed since 2010 and shows areas of current consensus and disagreement. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

14 pages, 2103 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Long-Term Device Satisfaction and Safety after Cochlear Implantation in Children

by Milan Urík, Soňa Šikolová, Dagmar Hošnová, Vít Kruntorád, Michal Bartoš and Petr Jabandžiev

J. Pers. Med. 2022, 12(8), 1326; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm12081326 - 18 Aug 2022

Viewed by 1532

Abstract

(1) Objectives: For full benefit in children implanted with a cochlear implant (CI), wearing the device all waking hours is necessary. This study focuses on the relationship between daily use and audiological outcomes, with the hypothesis that frequent daily device use coincides with [...] Read more.

(1) Objectives: For full benefit in children implanted with a cochlear implant (CI), wearing the device all waking hours is necessary. This study focuses on the relationship between daily use and audiological outcomes, with the hypothesis that frequent daily device use coincides with high device satisfaction resulting in better functional gain (FG). Confounding factors such as implantation age, device experience and type of device were considered. (2) Results: Thirty-eight CI children (65 ears) were investigated. In total, 76.92% of the children were using their device for >12 h per day (h/d), 18.46% for 9–12 h/d, the remaining for 6–9 h/d and one subject reported 3 h/d. The revision rate up to the 90-month follow-up (F/U) was 4.6%. The mean FG was 59.00 ± 7.67 dB. The Audio Processor Satisfaction Questionnaire (APSQ) separated for single unit (SU) versus behind the ear (BTE) devices showed significantly better results for the latter in terms of wearing comfort (WC) (p = 0.00062). A correlation between device use and FG was found with a device experience of <2 years (n = 29; r² = 0.398), whereas no correlation was seen with ≥2 years of device experience (n = 36; r² = 0.0038). (3) Conclusion: This study found significant relationships between daily device use and FG, wearing comfort and long-term safety (90 months). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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Other

Jump to: Editorial, Research

14 pages, 1320 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Systematic Review of Current Audiological Treatment Options for Patients with Treacher Collins Syndrome (TCS) and Surgical and Audiological Experiences of an Otorhinolaryngologist with TCS

by Ivana Marinac, Robert Trotić and Andro Košec

J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(1), 81; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14010081 - 10 Jan 2024

Viewed by 1158

Abstract

Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is a rare congenital craniofacial condition that affects approximately one out of fifty thousand births. Different ratios of TCS patients have conductive hearing loss: 88%¹ vs. 91.4–100.00%². For this reason, it was examined which hearing solutions [...] Read more.

Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is a rare congenital craniofacial condition that affects approximately one out of fifty thousand births. Different ratios of TCS patients have conductive hearing loss: 88%¹ vs. 91.4–100.00%². For this reason, it was examined which hearing solutions can be used with this condition and how effective they are. A systematic literature review was conducted, which showed that the bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA, OSIA), the bone conduction implant (Bonebridge) or the active implant of the middle ear (Soundbridge) are reliable methods for the treatment of conductive hearing loss in TCS patients. After the implantation of all available hearing solutions, improved hearing and speech comprehension were observed. Additionally, a statement regarding the treatment of TCS and a personalized point of view of a clinical expert with TCS were provided. However, due to the small amount of data, no general recommendations can be given for the treatment of hearing loss in TCS patients; therefore, it is advised to collect more data on hearing solutions for TCS patients in future research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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10 pages, 2604 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Cochlear Implantation in Patients with Bilateral Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss after COVID-19 Infection

by Nenad Arsović, Marija Jovanović, Snežana Babac, Ljiljana Čvorović, Nemanja Radivojević and Konstantin Arsović

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(12), 1708; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13121708 - 14 Dec 2023

Viewed by 839

Abstract

COVID-19 infection is associated with a variety of neurological manifestations. Since the inner ear is vulnerable to viruses, sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) has been reported to occur following SARS-CoV-2 infection. We present here two cases of profound SNHL following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pure-tone audiograms [...] Read more.

COVID-19 infection is associated with a variety of neurological manifestations. Since the inner ear is vulnerable to viruses, sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) has been reported to occur following SARS-CoV-2 infection. We present here two cases of profound SNHL following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pure-tone audiograms confirmed profound SNHL. The tympanogram and Auditory Brainstem Responses showed no abnormal symptoms. MRIs and CTs identified some changes but no significant anatomical nor physiological manifestations explaining the obvious cause for hearing loss. High doses of oral corticosteroids with additional conservative therapy were given with no therapeutic response, and therefore, cochlear implant surgery was performed. One case was bilaterally treated, and the other one received an implantation on one side. Both surgeries were carried out without intra- nor postoperative complications. Interestingly, in both cases, advanced fibrotic tissue was found during surgery. Both cases reported successful rehabilitation and are satisfied with their new sound perception following cochlear implantation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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21 pages, 1369 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Quality of Life and Audiological Benefits in Pediatric Cochlear Implant Users in Romania: Systematic Review and Cohort Study

by Gina Gundacker, Delia Emilia Trales and Horatiu Eugen Stefanescu

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(11), 1610; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13111610 - 15 Nov 2023

Viewed by 830

Abstract

Profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) can be successfully treated with a cochlear implant (CI), and treatment is usually accompanied by increased quality of life (QoL). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate generic and health-related QoL, as well as the level [...] Read more.

Profound sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) can be successfully treated with a cochlear implant (CI), and treatment is usually accompanied by increased quality of life (QoL). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate generic and health-related QoL, as well as the level of audiological outcomes, of CI users, in addition to whether Qol can be restored to the extent of those with normal hearing. Furthermore, different implantation timepoints were compared (early vs. late), and a possible correlation between health and generic QoL questionnaires was investigated. The outcomes from 93 pediatric CI users from Romania were analyzed in the study. Two QoL questionnaires (SSQ12, AQoL-6D), as well as the HSM sentence test and Soundfield measurements, were assessed. The outcomes revealed that the CI users were able to achieve the same QoL as their age- and-gender matched peers with normal hearing, and hearing was restored with good speech comprehension. No significant difference between early- and late-implanted children was detected, although a tendency of a better Word Recognition Score (+10%) in the early-implanted group was discovered. A moderate and significant correlation between the generic and health-related Qol questionnaire was observed. Audiological examinations are still the standard practice by which to measure the benefit of any hearing intervention; nonetheless, generic and health-related QoL should be assessed in order to provide a full picture of a successful and patient-satisfactory cochlear implant procedure. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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17 pages, 3411 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Systematic Literature Review and Early Benefit of Cochlear Implantation in Two Pediatric Auditory Neuropathy Cases

by Thomas Keintzel, Tobias Raffelsberger, Lisa Niederwanger, Gina Gundacker and Thomas Rasse

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(5), 848; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13050848 - 17 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1525

Abstract

Approximately 1 in 10 children with hearing loss is affected by auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). People who have ANSD usually have great difficulty understanding speech or communicating. However, it is possible for these patients to have audiograms that may indicate profound hearing [...] Read more.

Approximately 1 in 10 children with hearing loss is affected by auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). People who have ANSD usually have great difficulty understanding speech or communicating. However, it is possible for these patients to have audiograms that may indicate profound hearing loss up to normal hearing. This disorder is prognosed with positive, intact or present otoacoustic emissions (OAE) and/or cochlear microphonics (CM) as well as abnormal or absent auditory brainstem responses (ABR). Treatment methods include conventional hearing aids as well as cochlear implants. Cochlear implants (CI) usually promise better speech understanding for ANSD patients. We performed a systematic literature review aiming to show what improvements can effectively be achieved with cochlear implants in children with ANSD and compare this with our experience with two cases of ANSD implanted at our clinic. The retrospective review of two young CI patients diagnosed with ANSD during infancy demonstrated improvements over time in speech development communicated by their parents. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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10 pages, 2457 KiB

Open AccessProject Report

Validation of Automatic Cochlear Measurements Using OTOPLAN^® Software

by Dimitrios Paouris, Samuel Kunzo and Irina Goljerová

J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(5), 805; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13050805 - 08 May 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1260

Abstract

Introduction: Electrode length selection based on case-related cochlear parameters is becoming a standard pre-operative step for cochlear implantation. The manual measurement of the parameters is often time-consuming and may lead to inconsistencies. Our work aimed to evaluate a novel, automatic measurement method. Materials [...] Read more.

Introduction: Electrode length selection based on case-related cochlear parameters is becoming a standard pre-operative step for cochlear implantation. The manual measurement of the parameters is often time-consuming and may lead to inconsistencies. Our work aimed to evaluate a novel, automatic measurement method. Materials and Methods: A retrospective evaluation of pre-operative HRCT images of 109 ears (56 patients) was conducted, using a development version of the OTOPLAN^® software. Inter-rater (intraclass) reliability and execution time were assessed for manual (surgeons R1 and R2) vs. automatic (AUTO) results. The analysis included A-Value (Diameter), B-Value (Width), H-Value (Height), and CDLOC-length (Cochlear Duct Length at Organ of Corti/Basilar membrane). Results: The measurement time was reduced from approximately 7 min ± 2 (min) (manual) to 1 min (AUTO). Cochlear parameters in mm (mean ± SD) for R1, R2 and AUTO, respectively, were A-value: 9.00 ± 0.40, 8.98 ± 0.40 and 9.16 ± 0.36; B-value: 6.81 ± 0.34, 6.71 ± 0.35 and 6.70 ± 0.40; H-value: 3.98 ± 0.25, 3.85 ± 0.25 and 3.76 ± 0.22; and the mean CDLoc-length: 35.64 ± 1.70, 35.20 ± 1.71 and 35.47 ± 1.87. AUTO CDLOC measurements were not significantly different compared to R1 and R2 (H0: Rx CDLOC = AUTO CDLOC: p = 0.831, p = 0.242, respectively), and the calculated intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for CDLOC was 0.9 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.932) for R1 vs. AUTO; 0.90 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.932) for R2 vs. AUTO; and 0.893 (95% CI: 0.809, 0.935) for R1 vs. R2. Conclusions: We observed excellent inter-rater reliability, a high agreement of outcomes, and reduced execution time using the AUTO method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology)

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