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New Insight into Aging and Geriatric Syndromes: Clinical Updates and...
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New Insight into Aging and Geriatric Syndromes: Clinical Updates and Perspectives

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Medicine, Cell, and Organism Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 August 2024 | Viewed by 7071

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Vittorio Dibello

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Interests: oral health; oral frailty; aging; gerodontology
Dr. Francesco Panza

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology “Saverio de Bellis” Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
Interests: Alzheimer's disease; dementia; mild cognitive impairment; late-life depression; frailty
Prof. Dr. Vincenzo Solfrizzi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Cesare Frugoni Internal and Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unit, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70122 Bari, Italy
Interests: mild cognitive impairment; Alzheimer’s disease; nutrition; cognitive decline; dementia; neurodegenerative diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The average lifespan of people is rising. A recent WHO report estimates that by 2050, the global population of people aged 60 years and older will double, while the number of people aged 80 years and older is expected to triple between 2020 and 2050. Consequently, there is an increasing priority to deal with age-related diseases, with the goal of ensuring the autonomy of older persons and social integration.

Physicians, researchers, and the public health community must develop a culture of sensitivity to the needs of this population and its subgroups.

In 1965, Bernard Isaacs coined the term “geriatric giants”, including in this definition syndromes such as immobility, instability and falls, incontinence (urinary and fecal), and intellectual impairment (delirium and dementia). Over the subsequent five decades, the modern “geriatric giants” have evolved, encompassing the four new syndromes of frailty, sarcopenia, the anorexia of aging, and cognitive impairment. Therefore, in the last decade, there has been increasing awareness of different geriatric syndromes, such as frailty, urinary incontinence, falls, delirium, sarcopenia, age-related hearing loss, polypharmacy, and pressure ulcers, that are highly prevalent, have multifactorial pathogenesis, and are often associated with substantial multimorbidity and poor health-related outcomes. With the rapid increase in the aging population over the first half of this century and a paucity of geriatricians worldwide, there is a major need to enhance the ability of primary care physicians and advance practice nurses to recognize and manage geriatric syndromes using comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and related evaluation tools.

Dr. Vittorio Dibello
Dr. Francesco Panza
Prof. Dr. Vincenzo Solfrizzi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gerodontology
  • dementia
  • mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
  • frontotemporal dementia
  • frailty
  • late-life depression
  • sarcopenia
  • sensorial impairments
  • multimorbidity
  • oral frailty
  • longevity
  • biological aging

Published Papers (4 papers)

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12 pages, 679 KiB  
Article
Geriatric Importance of Histopathological Parameters Evaluated in Thyroidectomy Specimens: A Single Center Retrospective Analysis
by Nesibe Kahraman Çetin and Sinan Can Taşan
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(1), 95; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14010095 - 15 Jan 2024
Viewed by 758
Abstract
Nowadays, the aging human population exerts a notable influence on the treatment of thyroid diseases. The most appropriate approach for the treatment of benign and malignant thyroid diseases in older adults has not yet been determined. The aim of our study is to [...] Read more.
Nowadays, the aging human population exerts a notable influence on the treatment of thyroid diseases. The most appropriate approach for the treatment of benign and malignant thyroid diseases in older adults has not yet been determined. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of thyroidectomies in geriatric patients considering age, sex and histopathological parameters and to determine the importance of thyroidectomy as a treatment option in the geriatric population. A total of 910 cases from all age groups were included, for which thyroidectomies were examined and reported. In accordance with the College of American Pathologists Cancer Protocol for thyroid reporting, considering geriatric patients, the rate of Thyroid Follicular Nodular Disease was significantly higher among the tumor types in the benign tumor group (p = 0.033), while Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma rate was higher in the malignant tumor group. The diagnosis rate of malignant tumors was higher in males, reflecting a more advanced pT stage (p < 0.001), larger tumor size (p < 0.001) and increased lymph node involvement rate (p = 0.039). Given that increasing age is associated with a heightened incidence of thyroid disease, the safety of surgery for geriatric patients is an important issue. Thyroidectomy should be considered in the treatment of these patients, especially in males, as the rate of malignant diagnosis and worse histopathological parameters are seen with increasing age. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insight into Aging and Geriatric Syndromes: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)
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12 pages, 1337 KiB  
Article
The Relationship between Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Body Mass Index in an Older Population from Southern Italy: The Salus in Apulia Study
by Vittorio Dibello, Frank Lobbezoo, Rodolfo Sardone, Madia Lozupone, Fabio Castellana, Roberta Zupo, Alberto Pilotto, Antonio Daniele, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Daniele Manfredini and Francesco Panza
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(9), 1300; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13091300 - 25 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1223
Abstract
Background: The assessment of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) evaluated the impact of an individual’s oral health on the patient’s physical and psychosocial status. We evaluated the association between subjective OHRQoL, measured with the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire, and unfavorable [...] Read more.
Background: The assessment of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) evaluated the impact of an individual’s oral health on the patient’s physical and psychosocial status. We evaluated the association between subjective OHRQoL, measured with the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire, and unfavorable body mass index (BMI) (i.e., too high or too low) in a large population-based study on older adults from Southern Italy. Moreover, we assessed which of the seven OHIP-14 domains was the most strongly associated with an unfavorable BMI. Methods: We used data on a subpopulation of the Salus in Apulia Study, including 216 older adults. BMI < 18.4 kg/m2 and >30 kg/m2 were classified as unfavorable, while values between 18.5 and 30 kg/m2 were classified as ideal. Results: A higher OHIP-14 total score increased the risk of an unfavorable BMI (odds ratio (OR): 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.15). In the model adjusted for age, sex, education, hypertension, carbohydrate consumption, and alcohol consumption, this finding was confirmed with a higher OHIP-14 total score increasing the risk of an unfavorable BMI (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01–1.22), and higher age linked to a decreased risk of an unfavorable BMI (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82–0.97). In a random forest regression model, the most important predictive domains/sub-scales of OHIP-14 in the mean decrease in the Gini coefficient for unfavorable BMI were, in order of decreasing importance, physical pain, functional limitation, psychological discomfort, physical disability, social disability, psychological disability, and handicap. Conclusions: In older age, negative OHRQoL, particularly linked to the physical pain domain, increased the risk of being underweight or overweight and obesity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insight into Aging and Geriatric Syndromes: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)
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10 pages, 300 KiB  
Article
Engagement in Aerobic Exercise Is Associated with a Reduced Prevalence of Sarcopenia and Severe Sarcopenia in Italian Older Adults
by Hélio José Coelho-Júnior, Riccardo Calvani, Anna Picca, Matteo Tosato, Francesco Landi and Emanuele Marzetti
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(4), 655; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040655 - 11 Apr 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1848
Abstract
The present study was conducted to test the association between adherence to specific exercise modalities and sarcopenia severity in Italian older adults. Data were collected as part of the ongoing Longevity Check-Up 7+ (Lookup 7+) project. Lookup 7+ began in June 2015 and [...] Read more.
The present study was conducted to test the association between adherence to specific exercise modalities and sarcopenia severity in Italian older adults. Data were collected as part of the ongoing Longevity Check-Up 7+ (Lookup 7+) project. Lookup 7+ began in June 2015 and has since been conducted in unconventional settings (e.g., exhibitions, malls, social events) throughout Italy. In the present study, we used data on adults 65 years and older. Sarcopenia was identified according to the simultaneous presence of dynapenia and low appendicular muscle mass. Muscle strength was measured by isometric handgrip and sit-to-stand (STS) testing. Sarcopenia was categorized as severe if participants reported difficulty or inability to walk 400 m. Engagement in running and/or swimming (RS) or strength training with or without stretching (SS) was used to define exercise modalities. Analyses were conducted in 3289 participants (mean age: 72.7 ± 5.7 years; 1814 women). The results of the binary regression showed negative associations between RS and the presence of STS-based sarcopenia in women, and between RS and STS-based severe sarcopenia in men. Collectively, these findings indicate that RS is negatively associated with the presence of sarcopenia in large sample of relatively unselected Italian older adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insight into Aging and Geriatric Syndromes: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)

Other

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14 pages, 1496 KiB  
Systematic Review
Exploring the Association of Burning Mouth Syndrome with Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review
by Vittorio Dibello, Andrea Ballini, Madia Lozupone, Carlo Custodero, Stefania Cantore, Rodolfo Sardone, Antonio Dibello, Filippo Santarcangelo, Bianca Barulli Kofler, Massimo Petruzzi, Antonio Daniele, Vincenzo Solfrizzi and Francesco Panza
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(6), 1014; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13061014 - 19 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2292
Abstract
Background: Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is an idiopathic condition mainly affecting middle-aged and older individuals with hormonal disturbances or psychiatric disorders and is characterized by chronic pain. The etiopathogenesis of this multifactorial syndrome is largely unknown. The objective of the present systematic review [...] Read more.
Background: Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) is an idiopathic condition mainly affecting middle-aged and older individuals with hormonal disturbances or psychiatric disorders and is characterized by chronic pain. The etiopathogenesis of this multifactorial syndrome is largely unknown. The objective of the present systematic review was therefore to evaluate the relationship of BMS with depressive and anxiety disorders in middle-aged and older individuals. Methods: We selected studies evaluating BMS and depressive and anxiety disorders assessed with validated tools, published from their inception up to April 2023, using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Ovid, and Google Scholar databases and adhering to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines/PRISMA 2020 27-item checklist. This study is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023409595). The National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Toolkits for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies were used to examine the risk of bias. Results: Two independent investigators rated 4322 records against the primary endpoint and found 7 records meeting the eligibility requirements. Anxiety disorders were found to be the most common psychiatric disorders related to BMS (63.7%), followed by depressive disorders (36.3%). We found a moderate association of BMS with anxiety disorders, with multiple studies included (n = 7). Moreover, we found a low association of BMS with depressive disorders (included studies, n = 4). The role of pain appeared to be controversial in explaining these associations. Conclusions: In middle-aged and older subjects, anxiety and depressive disorders may be potentially related to the development of BMS. Furthermore, also in these age groups, females showed higher risk of developing BMS than males, even when taking into account multimorbidity such as sleep disorders, personality traits, and biopsychosocial changes as suggested by study-specific findings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insight into Aging and Geriatric Syndromes: Clinical Updates and Perspectives)
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