Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Personalized Medicine

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Pharmacogenetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 January 2024) | Viewed by 2942

Special Issue Editor

Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Interests: pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetic; PK/PD; proteomics; metabonomics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the development of medicine, personalized medicine is increasingly recognized by medical staffs, which can greatly aid the advancements of preventive care. The success of personalized medicine depends on accurate diagnostic tests with individual pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) characteristics. PK and PD are the two main principles determining the relationship between dose and response.

PK helps to determine the dose–response relationship in individual clinical efficacy and drug toxicity. In clinical therapy, drug plasma/serum/blood concentrations are usually detected to monitor drug PK characters, especially for some drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, and patients with liver and kidney insufficiency.

PD is used to measure the clinical outcomes. Due to individual differences, variations in the PD response become more profound.

PK/PD modelling is the discipline establishing quantitative links between PK and PD fundamental features.

New drugs and old drugs with narrow therapeutic windows and higher toxicities usually need PK, PD, and PK/PD studies. These old drugs include, but are not limit to antibiotics, immunosuppressants, cardiovascular drugs, and psychotropic drugs.

Dr. Lijun Zhang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pharmacokinetics
  • pharmacodynamics
  • personalized medicine
  • antibiotics
  • immunosuppressant
  • cardiovascular drugs
  • psychotropic drugs
  • therapeutic drug monitoring

Published Papers (2 papers)

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12 pages, 1235 KiB  
Article
Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Tacrolimus in Chinese Adult Patients during the Early Stages Post-Lung Transplantation
by Yi-Fan Cui, Yan Pan, Min-Fang Zhu and Zheng Jiao
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(4), 656; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040656 - 11 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1150
Abstract
Background: Although tacrolimus has been widely used in patients undergoing lung transplantation, few studies have reported the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in Chinese patients after lung transplantation. Thus, we aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics and influential factors in this patient cohort in the early [...] Read more.
Background: Although tacrolimus has been widely used in patients undergoing lung transplantation, few studies have reported the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in Chinese patients after lung transplantation. Thus, we aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics and influential factors in this patient cohort in the early stage after lung transplantation. Methods: We enrolled 14 adult lung transplant recipients who were treated with tacrolimus and then intensively collected blood samples within a 12-h dosing interval. The pharmacokinetic parameters of tacrolimus were calculated using non-compartmental analysis, and the influence of pathophysiological characteristics and CYP3A5*3 and CYP3A4*1G genotypes on the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus was assessed. Using linear regression analysis, we investigated the correlation between tacrolimus concentration at different sampling points and measured the area under the time-concentration curve (AUC0–12h). Results: Geometric mean of apparent clearance (CL/F) was 18.13 ± 1.65 L/h in non-CYP3A5*3/*3 carriers, five times higher than that in CYP3A5*3/*3 carriers (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the tacrolimus concentration 4 h after administration had the strongest correlation with AUC0–12h (R2 = 0.979). Conclusion: The pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus varied largely between patients during the early stage post-transplantation, which could be partially explained by CYP3A5*3 genetic polymorphisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Personalized Medicine)
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13 pages, 582 KiB  
Brief Report
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Arterial Hypertension
by Sergey Seleznev, Alexey Shchulkin, Pavel Mylnikov, Elena Yakusheva and Natalia Nikulina
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(5), 815; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13050815 - 11 May 2023
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Abstract
(1) Background: This study was planned to assess the concentration of antihypertensive drugs (AHD) in the blood serum in patients with controlled and uncontrolled arterial hypertension (AH). (2) Methods: We assessed 46 patients with AH. Based on the results of 24 h blood [...] Read more.
(1) Background: This study was planned to assess the concentration of antihypertensive drugs (AHD) in the blood serum in patients with controlled and uncontrolled arterial hypertension (AH). (2) Methods: We assessed 46 patients with AH. Based on the results of 24 h blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), the patients were randomized into two groups. The first group consisted of the patients with controlled AH; the second group consisted of the patients with uncontrolled AH. Venous blood was taken in both groups of patients in the morning before and 2 h after taking drugs to assess the concentration of lisinopril, amlodipine, valsartan, and indapamide. (3) Results. The first group included 27 patients, and the second group 19 patients. In patients with uncontrolled AH, the median concentrations of lisinopril, indapamide, amlodipine, and valsartan before and after taking the drugs did not differ from patients who reached the target BP values. (p > 0.05). In some patients with uncontrolled and controlled (shown for the first time) AH the concentration of AHD was below the limit of quantitative determination. (4) Conclusions. The obtained results indicate that the pharmacokinetics of AHD, apparently, does not play a significant role in the development of ineffectiveness of the ongoing therapy for AH. Therapeutic drug monitoring can be used to test adherence to the treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics in Personalized Medicine)
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