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New Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Therapy in Civilization Diseases
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New Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Therapy in Civilization Diseases

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Disease Biomarker".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2023) | Viewed by 4388

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Umberto Basile

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Head of Clinical Pathology Unit, Hospital “Santa Maria Goretti” ASL Latina, Latina, Italy
Interests: autoimmunity; cancer; monoclonal gammopathy; minimal residual disease; biomarkers; other biological fluid; new technologies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Silvia Angeletti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Laboratory Research Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
2. Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
Interests: radiological findings; clinical features; COVID-19

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomarkers have been used for the clinical diagnosis of multiple diseases for many years. Measurement with automated technology in the era of precision medicine shows the vastly important evolution of biomarkers in biomedicine. The study of cell surface markers has become an indispensable tool for diagnosing hematological malignancies and monitoring minimal residual diseases. The increase of average age highlights neurodegenerative pathologies and the presence of inflammation, representing new challenges in therapies and biomarker research fields. The applications of gene chips and microarray technology to simultaneously assess multiple molecular markers with Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), used to sequence entire genomes or constrained to specific areas of interest, are simple and cheaper. Bioluminex, Planar Array Assay and other new assays open new scenarios for autoimmune diseases.

Biomarkers provide personalized prediction of relapse risk and can potentially reduce unnecessary adjuvant chemotherapy. More biomarkers will replace time-consuming traditional endpoints, accelerating the translation of novel agents from bench to bedside, improving patient outcome.

The use of different matrixes, such as as saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, tears and synovial fluids, will be evaluated.

The aim of this Special Issue is to invite original research articles or reviews presenting and discussing the advancement of biomarkers research and innovative therapies involved in cancer, autoimmune diseases and neurodegenerative diseases, with a special interest in the use of biological drugs in these pathologies and advances in genetics, in innovative assays and in molecular diagnostics.

Dr. Umberto Basile
Prof. Dr. Silvia Angeletti
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • long COVID
  • autoimmunity
  • gender and inflammation
  • new biomarkers in autoimmunity and therapies
  • biomarkers of minimal residual disease
  • microbiota and autoimmunity
  • aging and inflammation
  • neurodegenerative disease molecular aspects
  • new technologies in precision medicine
  • biomarkers and therapy of autoinflammatory diseases

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2004 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Plasma miR-17-5p, miR-24-3p and miRNA-223-3p Profile of Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients after Treatment with Direct-Acting Antivirals
by Zehra Öksüz, Laura Gragnani, Serena Lorini, Gülhan Örekici Temel, Mehmet Sami Serin and Anna Linda Zignego
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(8), 1188; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13081188 - 26 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 985
Abstract
The expression of miR-223-3p, miR-17-5p, and miR-24-3p was evaluated in hepatitis C virus (HCV) patient serum samples, collected before DAA treatment and after a sustained virological response (SVR). Fifty HCV patients were stratified based on their liver damage stages into three different subgroups [...] Read more.
The expression of miR-223-3p, miR-17-5p, and miR-24-3p was evaluated in hepatitis C virus (HCV) patient serum samples, collected before DAA treatment and after a sustained virological response (SVR). Fifty HCV patients were stratified based on their liver damage stages into three different subgroups (21 with chronic hepatitis—CH, 15 with cirrhosis, and 14 with hepatocellular carcinoma—HCC). Considering the entire HCV population, the miRNA expression levels were significantly downregulated after the SVR compared to pre-treatment ones (p < 0.05). Stratifying the patients based on liver damage, the post-SVR values of the three miRNAs were significantly downregulated compared to the pre-treatment levels for both cirrhosis and HCC patients. No significant differences emerged from the analysis of the CH group. To our knowledge, this is the first study to detail the behavior of miR-223-3p, miR-17-5p, and miR-24-3p levels in patients with HCV-related CH, cirrhosis, and HCC after DAA therapy. Our findings show that HCV-infected patients have different miRNA profiles before and after treatment with DAAs, strongly suggesting that miRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of HCV-related damage. In this respect, the correlation observed among the three studied miRNAs could imply that they share common pathways by which they contribute the progression of HCV-induced chronic liver damage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Therapy in Civilization Diseases)
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Figure 1

8 pages, 250 KiB  
Communication
Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury and Endothelial Dysfunction: The Role of Vascular and Biochemical Parameters
by Adolfo Marco Perrotta, Antonietta Gigante, Silverio Rotondi, Paolo Menè, Adriano Notturni, Stefano Schiavetto, Gaetano Tanzilli, Chiara Pellicano, Giuseppe Guaglianone, Francesca Tinti, Paolo Palange, Sandro Mazzaferro, Rosario Cianci and Silvia Lai
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(4), 701; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13040701 - 21 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1345
Abstract
Introduction: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is one of the main causes of acute renal failure in hospitalized patients, following the administration of iodinated contrast medium used for CT scans and angiographic procedures. CIAKI determines a high cardiovascular risk and appears to be [...] Read more.
Introduction: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is one of the main causes of acute renal failure in hospitalized patients, following the administration of iodinated contrast medium used for CT scans and angiographic procedures. CIAKI determines a high cardiovascular risk and appears to be one of the most feared complications of coronary angiography, causing a notable worsening of the prognosis with high morbidity and mortality. Aim: To evaluate a possible association between the renal resistive index (RRI) and the development of CIAKI, as well as an association with the main subclinical markers of atherosclerosis and the main cardiovascular risk factors. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 101 patients with an indication for coronary angiography. Patients underwent an assessment of renal function (serum nitrogen and basal creatinine, 48 and 72 h after administration of contrast medium), inflammation (C reactive protein (CRP), serum calcium and phosphorus, intact parathormone (iPTH), 25-hydroxyvitaminD (25-OH-VitD), serum uric acid (SUA), total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum glucose and insulin). All patients also carried out an evaluation of RRI, intima-media thickness (IMT), interventricular septum (IVS) and the ankle-brachial index (ABI). Results: 101 patients (68 male), with a mean age of 73.0 ± 15.0 years, were enrolled for the study; 35 are affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 19 cases of CIAKI were reported (19%), while among diabetic patients we reported an incidence of 23% (8 patients). In our study, patients with CIAKI had significantly higher RRI (p < 0.001) and IMT (p < 0.001) with respect to the patients who did not develop CIAKI. Furthermore, patients with CIAKI had significantly higher CRP (p < 0.001) and SUA (p < 0.006). Conclusions: We showed a significant difference in RRI, IMT, SUA and CRP values between the population developing CIAKI and patients without CIAKI. This data appears relevant considering that RRI and IMT are low-cost, non-invasive and easily reproducible markers of endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Therapy in Civilization Diseases)
10 pages, 284 KiB  
Article
Serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Subclasses in a Cohort of Systemic Sclerosis Patients
by Chiara Pellicano, Amalia Colalillo, Giuseppina Cusano, Andrea Palladino, Marica Pellegrini, Cinzia Anna Maria Callà, Giorgia Mazzuccato, Valeria Carnazzo, Stefano Pignalosa, Luigi Di Biase, Mariapaola Marino, Umberto Basile and Edoardo Rosato
J. Pers. Med. 2023, 13(2), 309; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13020309 - 10 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1423
Abstract
Objectives: To assess serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses in a cohort of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and to evaluate the influence of IgG subclasses in the main complications of the disease. Methods: The serum level of IgG subclasses was evaluated in 67 SSc [...] Read more.
Objectives: To assess serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses in a cohort of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and to evaluate the influence of IgG subclasses in the main complications of the disease. Methods: The serum level of IgG subclasses was evaluated in 67 SSc patients and 48 healthy controls (HC), matched for sex and age. Serum samples were collected and measured IgG1–4 subclasses by turbidimetry. Results: SSc patients had lower median total IgG [9.88 g/l (IQR 8.18–11.42 g/l) vs. 12.09 g/l (IQR 10.24–13.54 g/l), p < 0.001], IgG1 [5.09 g/l (IQR 4.25–6.38 g/l) vs. 6.03 g/l (IQR 5.39–7.90 g/l), p < 0.001], and IgG3 [0.59 g/l (IQR 0.40–0.77 g/l) vs. 0.80 g/l (IQR 0.46–1 g/l), p < 0.05] serum levels compared to HC. The logistic regression analysis showed IgG3 as the only variable associated with the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLco) ≤60% of the predicted [OR 9.734 (CI 95%: 1.312–72.221), p < 0.05] and modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) [OR 1.124 (CI 95%: 1.019–1.240), p < 0.05], anti-topoisomerase I [OR 0.060 (CI 95%: 0.007–0.535), p < 0.05], and IgG3 [OR 14.062 (CI 95%: 1.352–146.229), p < 0.05] as variables associated with radiological interstitial lung disease (ILD). Conclusion: SSc patients have reduced levels of total IgG and an altered IgG subclass distribution compared to HC. Moreover, SSc patients show different serum IgG subclasses profiles according to the main involvement of the disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Therapy in Civilization Diseases)
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