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Special Issue "Fungal Biotechnology and Application 2.0"

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A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X). This special issue belongs to the section "Fungi in Agriculture and Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2023 | Viewed by 5106

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Prof. Dr. Baojun Xu

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Guest Editor

Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
Interests: phytochemicals; natural products; functional foods; human health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue (SI) calls for submissions of either original studies or literature reviews that describe the biotechnology and advanced applications of fungi which are beneficial or harmful to human beings. This SI will collect recent original research findings and critical reviews on current fungal biotechnology and the industrial application of fungi in the fields of cosmetics, food and pharmaceuticals. The topics of interest include but are not limited to:

The application of fungi in all kinds of industries (e.g., scientific research, fermentation for cosmetic ingredients and pharmaceuticals, and food);
Fungal secondary metabolites and metabolic flow analysis;
Bioprospecting of novel fungi from specific environments;
Mechanisms of pathogenic fungal infection and its prevention and treatment;
Ecology, morphological and ultrastructural diversity of fungi;
Cultivation and utilization of medicinal or edible mushrooms.

Prof. Dr. Baojun Xu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Fungi is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

biotechnology
utilization
health benefits
secondary metabolites
fermentation
mushroom
practical applications

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Endophytic Fungi Associated with Arrabidaea chica (Bignoniaceae)

Raiana Silveira Gurgel

Dorothy Ívila de Melo Pereira

Ana Vyktória França Garcia

Anne Terezinha Fernandes de Souza

Thaysa Mendes da Silva

Cleudiane Pereira de Andrade

Weison Lima da Silva

Cecilia Veronica Nunez

Cleiton Fantin

Rudi Emerson de Lima Procópio

and

Patrícia Melchionna Albuquerque

J. Fungi 2023, 9(8), 864; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9080864 - 21 Aug 2023

Viewed by 472

Abstract

The endophytic fungal community of the Amazonian medicinal plant Arrabidaea chica (Bignoniaceae) was evaluated based on the hypothesis that microbial communities associated with plant species in the Amazon region may produce metabolites with interesting bioactive properties. Therefore, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the fungal extracts were investigated. A total of 107 endophytic fungi were grown in liquid medium and the metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate. In the screening of fungal extracts for antimicrobial activity, the fungus identified as Botryosphaeria mamane CF2-13 was the most promising, with activity against E. coli, S. epidermidis, P. mirabilis, B. subtilis, S. marcescens, K. pneumoniae, S. enterica, A. brasiliensis, C. albicans, C. tropicalis and, especially, against S. aureus and C. parapsilosis (MIC = 0.312 mg/mL). Screening for antioxidant potential using the DPPH elimination assay showed that the Colletotrichum sp. CG1-7 endophyte extract exhibited potential activity with an EC₅₀ of 11 µg/mL, which is equivalent to quercetin (8 µg/mL). The FRAP method confirmed the antioxidant potential of the fungal extracts. The presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the active extracts was confirmed using TLC. These results indicate that two of the fungi isolated from A. chica exhibit significant antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Biotechnology and Application 2.0)

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Open AccessArticle

Marine-Derived Fungi as a Valuable Resource for Amylases Activity Screening

Di Zhang

Lan Liu

and

Bi-Shuang Chen

J. Fungi 2023, 9(7), 736; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9070736 - 09 Jul 2023

Viewed by 469

Abstract

Marine microbial enzymes including amylases are important in different industrial production due to their properties and applications. This study was focused on the screening of marine-derived fungi for amylase activities. First, we isolated a number of fungi from the sediments of the South China Sea. By the method of dish screening (in vitro), we subsequently obtained a series of amylase-producing fungal strains. The cell-lysate activities of amylases produced by marine fungi toward starch hydrolysis were achieved with the dinitrosalyicylic acid (DNS) method. In addition, the effect of pH and temperature on amylase activities, including thermal and pH stability were discussed. Results showed that out of the 57 isolates with amylase-producing activities, fungi Aspergillus flavus 9261 was found to produce amylase with the best activity of 10.7482 U/mg (wet mycelia). The amylase of Aspergillus flavus 9261 exhibited remarkable thermostability and pH stability with no activity loss after incubation at 50 °C and pH 5.0 for 1 h, respectively. The results provide advances in discovering enzymes from marine-derived fungi and their biotechnology relevance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Biotechnology and Application 2.0)

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Open AccessArticle

Investigation on the Influence of Production and Incubation Temperature on the Growth, Virulence, Germination, and Conidial Size of Metarhizium brunneum for Granule Development

and

J. Fungi 2023, 9(6), 668; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9060668 - 14 Jun 2023

Viewed by 622

Abstract

Important for the infection of an insect with an entomopathogenic fungus and its use as a plant protection agent are its growth, conidiation, germination, and virulence, which all depend on the environmental temperature. We investigated not only the effect of environmental temperature but also that of production temperature of the fungus. For this purpose, Metarhizium brunneum JKI-BI-1450 was produced and incubated at different temperatures, and the factors mentioned as well as conidial size were determined. The temperature at which the fungus was produced affects its subsequent growth and conidiation on granule formulation, the speed of germination, and the conidial width, but not its final germination or virulence. The growth and conidiation was at its highest when the fungus was produced at 25 °C, whereas when the germination was faster, the warmer the fungus was produced. The incubation temperature optimum of JKI-BI-1450 in relation to growth, speed of germination, and survival time was 25–30 °C and for conidiation 20–25 °C. Conidial length decreased with increasing incubation temperature. Although the fungus could not be adapted to unfavorable conditions by the production temperature, it was found that the quality of a biological control agent based on entomopathogenic fungi can be positively influenced by its production temperature. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Biotechnology and Application 2.0)

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Open AccessArticle

Filamentous Fungi Are Potential Bioremediation Agents of Semi-Synthetic Textile Waste

Rachel Harper

and

Suzy Clare Moody

J. Fungi 2023, 9(6), 661; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9060661 - 13 Jun 2023

Viewed by 743

Abstract

Textile waste contributes to the pollution of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. While natural textile fibres are known to be biodegraded by microbes, the vast majority of textiles now contain a mixture of processed plant-derived polymers and synthetic materials generated from petroleum and are commonly dyed with azo dyes. This presents a complex recycling problem as the separation of threads and removal of dye are challenging and costly. As a result, the majority of textile waste is sent to landfill or incinerated. This project sought to assess the potential of fungal bioremediation of textile-based dye as a step towards sustainable and environmentally-friendly means of disposal of textile waste. Successful development of an agar-independent microcosm enabled the assessment of the ability of two fungal species to grow on a range of textiles containing an increasing percentage of elastane. The white rot fungus Hypholoma fasciculare was shown to grow well on semi-synthetic textiles, and for the first time, bioremediation of dye from textiles was demonstrated. Volatile analysis enabled preliminary assessment of the safety profile of this process and showed that industrial scale-up may require consideration of volatile capture in the design process. This study is the first to address the potential of fungi as bioremediation agents for solid textile waste, and the results suggest this is an avenue worthy of further exploration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Biotechnology and Application 2.0)

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Open AccessArticle

Assessment of Tannin Tolerant Non-Saccharomyces Yeasts Isolated from Miang for Production of Health-Targeted Beverage Using Miang Processing Byproducts

and

Chartchai Khanongnucha

J. Fungi 2023, 9(2), 165; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020165 - 27 Jan 2023

Viewed by 1038

Abstract

This research demonstrated an excellent potential approach for utilizing Miang fermentation broth (MF-broth), a liquid residual byproduct from the Miang fermentation process as a health-targeted beverage. One hundred and twenty yeast strains isolated from Miang samples were screened for their potential to ferment MF-broth and four isolates, P2, P3, P7 and P9 were selected, based on the characteristics of low alcoholic production, probiotic properties, and tannin tolerance. Based on a D1/D2 rDNA sequence analysis, P2 and P7 were identified to be Wikerhamomyces anomalus, while P3 and P9 were Cyberlindnera rhodanensis. Based on the production of unique volatile organic compounds (VOCs), W. anomalus P2 and C. rhodanensis P3 were selected for evaluation of MF-broth fermentation via the single culture fermentation (SF) and co-fermentation (CF) in combination with Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR 5088. All selected yeasts showed a capability for growth with 6 to 7 log CFU/mL and the average pH value range of 3.91–4.09. The ethanol content of the fermented MF-broth ranged between 11.56 ± 0.00 and 24.91 ± 0.01 g/L after 120 h fermentation, which is categorized as a low alcoholic beverage. Acetic, citric, glucuronic, lactic, succinic, oxalic and gallic acids slightly increased from initial levels in MF-broth, whereas the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity were retained. The fermented MF-broth showed distinct VOCs profiles between the yeast groups. High titer of isoamyl alcohol was found in all treatments fermented with S. cerevisiae TISTR 5088 and W. anomalus P2. Meanwhile, C. rhodanensis P3 fermented products showed a higher quantity of ester groups, ethyl acetate and isoamyl acetate in both SF and CF. The results of this study confirmed the high possibilities of utilizing MF-broth residual byproduct in for development of health-targeted beverages using the selected non-Saccharomyces yeast. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Biotechnology and Application 2.0)

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Open AccessArticle

Isolation and Characterization of Ruminal Yeast Strain with Probiotic Potential and Its Effects on Growth Performance, Nutrients Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation and Microbiota of Hu Sheep

and

J. Fungi 2022, 8(12), 1260; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8121260 - 29 Nov 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1082

Abstract

Yeast strains are widely used in ruminant production. However, knowledge about the effects of rumen native yeasts on ruminants is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to obtain a rumen native yeast isolate and investigate its effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and microbiota in Hu sheep. Yeasts were isolated by picking up colonies from agar plates, and identified by sequencing the ITS sequences. One isolate belonging to Pichia kudriavzevii had the highest optical density among these isolates obtained. This isolate was prepared to perform an animal feeding trial. A randomized block design was used for the animal trial. Sixteen Hu sheep were randomly assigned to the control (CON, fed basal diet, n = 8) and treatment group (LPK, fed basal diet plus P. kudriavzevii, CFU = 8 × 10⁹ head/d, n = 8). Sheep were housed individually and treated for 4 weeks. Compared to CON, LPK increased final body weight, nutrient digestibility and rumen acetate concentration and acetate-to-propionate ratio in sheep. The results of Illumina MiSeq PE 300 sequencing showed that LPK increased the relative abundance of lipolytic bacteria (Anaerovibrio spp. and Pseudomonas spp.) and probiotic bacteria (Faecalibacterium spp. and Bifidobacterium spp.). For rumen eukaryotes, LPK increased the genera associated with fiber degradation, including protozoan Polyplastron and fungus Pichia. Our results discovered that rumen native yeast isolate P. kudriavzevii might promote the digestion of fibers and lipids by modulating specific microbial populations with enhancing acetate-type fermentation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fungal Biotechnology and Application 2.0)

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