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Numerical Modelling Applied for Marine Environmental Sustainability
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Numerical Modelling Applied for Marine Environmental Sustainability

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Environmental Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 May 2022) | Viewed by 7917

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Luis Carral

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain
Interests: maritime transport; expanded Panama Canal; marine systems; load and unload systems; anchoring; mooring and towing systems; green artificial reefs
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Juan José Cartelle Barros

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Universidade da Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain
Interests: sustainability assessment and optimization in the energy sector; multicriteria decision methods; optimization techniques; Monte Carlo simulation; energy planning; renewable and nonrenewable power plants; life-cycle analysis in the energy sector
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Rodrigo Carballo Sánchez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Hydraulic Engineering, CIGEO Research Group, Campus Terra, University of Santiago de Compostela, Compostela, Spain
Interests: marine renewable energy; estuarine and coastal hydrodynamics; sediment transport; integrated water resources management of marine and freshwater systems; aquaculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. María Isabel Lamas Galdo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Escola Politécnica de Enxeñaría de Ferrol, Campus Industrial de Ferrol, University of Coruña, 15403 Ferrol, Spain
Interests: computational fluid dynamics; hydrodynamics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on the sustainability of the marine environment. Works related to any type of numerical or mathematical models applied to improving the marine environment are welcome. Contributors are advised to submit papers that fit in to one or more of the subjects indicated below. However, papers that are not directly related to these areas will also be considered in cases of particular interest to this Special Issue.

  • Pollutant emissions, reduction, and control
  • Sustainability
  • Environmental impact
  • Marine environment
  • Energy
  • Numerical models
  • Mathematical models
  • Computational models

Dr. Luis Carral
Dr. Juan José Cartelle Barros
Dr. Rodrigo Carballo Sánchez
Dr. María Isabel Lamas Galdo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • numerical models
  • computational models
  • energy
  • sustainability
  • marine environment

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 19350 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Bathymetry on Regional Marine Geoid Modeling in Northern Europe
by Sander Varbla
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(6), 793; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10060793 - 09 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2172
Abstract
Although Northern Europe has been the target area in many regionwide geoid determination studies, the research has been land-focused, neglecting bathymetry information. With new projects, such as the Baltic Sea Chart Datum 2000, the attention is shifting toward the marine geoid. Hence, consideration [...] Read more.
Although Northern Europe has been the target area in many regionwide geoid determination studies, the research has been land-focused, neglecting bathymetry information. With new projects, such as the Baltic Sea Chart Datum 2000, the attention is shifting toward the marine geoid. Hence, consideration for bathymetry has become relevant, the influence of which is studied. In the relatively shallow Baltic Sea, accounting for bathymetry-based residual terrain model reduction during gravity data processing induces marine geoid modeling differences (relative to neglecting bathymetry) mainly within 2 cm. However, the models can deviate up to 3–4 cm in some regions. Rugged Norwegian coastal areas, on the other hand, had modeling improvements around a decimeter. Considering bathymetry may thus help improve geoid modeling outcomes in future Northern Europe geoid determination projects. Besides using the conventional precise GNSS-leveling control points, the paper also demonstrates the usefulness of shipborne GNSS and airborne laser scanning-derived geoidal heights in validating geoid modeling results. A total of 70 gravimetric geoid solutions are presented, for instance, by varying the used reference global geopotential models. According to the comparisons, GOCO05c-based solutions generally perform the best, where modeling agreement with GNSS-leveling control points reached 2.9 cm (standard deviation) from a one-dimensional fit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Modelling Applied for Marine Environmental Sustainability)
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16 pages, 6943 KiB  
Article
Impacts of River Discharge on the Sea Temperature in Changjiang Estuary and Its Adjacent Sea
by Hui Shen, Ye Zhu, Zhiguo He, Li Li and Yingzhong Lou
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(3), 343; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030343 - 01 Mar 2022
Viewed by 2047
Abstract
Freshwater plume at the Changjiang River (CR) mouth are essential to the coastal water quality and ecosystem because they can cause estuary stratification and hypoxia, potentially deteriorating the water environment. Furthermore, the advection heat transport is modulated by increasing anthropogenic effects. A comprehensive [...] Read more.
Freshwater plume at the Changjiang River (CR) mouth are essential to the coastal water quality and ecosystem because they can cause estuary stratification and hypoxia, potentially deteriorating the water environment. Furthermore, the advection heat transport is modulated by increasing anthropogenic effects. A comprehensive understanding of the influence of river discharge on the three-dimensional sea temperature, fronts and thermal stratification in the CR estuary remains lacking. A well-calibrated numerical model using Regional Ocean Modeling Systems (ROMS) is used to investigate the impacts of CR discharge on the sea temperature in coastal zones. Model results show that the amplitude and spatial distribution of the heating or cooling rate can be influenced by CR freshwater, especially in frontal areas. Specifically, the large runoff flow will reduce the heating or cooling rate in shallow waters (<20 m) near the CR estuary, whereas it has an opposite effect on the Zhoushan islands region (>20 m). Generally, the effect of the freshwater discharge on the upper layer is greater than on the bottom layer, and the runoff has a positive correlation to the intensity of the frontal zones in the CR estuary, though this relationship is weakened in autumn because of the weak intensity of the frontal zone. Note that seawater thermal stratification and its seasonal variation can be regulated by runoff; thermal stratification will be strengthened in abundant runoff conditions and weakened in scarce runoff conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Modelling Applied for Marine Environmental Sustainability)
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14 pages, 2814 KiB  
Article
Definition of an Artificial Reef Unit through Hydrodynamic and Structural (CFD and FEM) Models—Application to the Ares-Betanzos Estuary
by María Isabel Lamas Galdo, María Jesús Rodríguez Guerreiro, Javier Lamas Vigo, Ismael Ameneiros Rodriguez, Ricardo Veira Lorenzo, Juan Carlos Carral Couce and Luis Carral Couce
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(2), 230; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10020230 - 09 Feb 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2614
Abstract
The application of hydrodynamics to the definition of artificial reefs is of great interest since the positioning of the artificial reef modules on the sea floor alters the water velocity field, causing an appropriate circulation of nutrients and promoting a habitat for settling [...] Read more.
The application of hydrodynamics to the definition of artificial reefs is of great interest since the positioning of the artificial reef modules on the sea floor alters the water velocity field, causing an appropriate circulation of nutrients and promoting a habitat for settling desired species. Nevertheless, the designs must be subjected to a structural calculation that will condition the constructive process to be applied. The present research proposes a methodology to determine the geometry of an artificial reef in terms of hydrodynamic and structural criteria. The solution proposed was analyzed through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and the Finite Element Method (FEM). Using concrete as base material for artificial reefs, four different dosages were proposed with different proportions of cement and water, leading to different mechanical properties, which determine different constructive strategies, such as dwell time in the mold. From the hydrodynamic point of view, it was found that the solution proposed provides a proper replacement of nutrients. From the structural point of view, it was found that the solution proposed does not need steel reinforcements in concrete, which improves the sustainability of the artificial reef. The four different concrete dosages will condition the constructive strategy through the dwelling time in the mold and, for any established production, the necessary number of molds (formworks). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Modelling Applied for Marine Environmental Sustainability)
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