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Marine Sediments: Processes, Transport and Environmental Aspects
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Marine Sediments: Processes, Transport and Environmental Aspects

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2020) | Viewed by 17000

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Marcello Di Risio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil, Construction-Architectural and Environmental Engineering Department (DICEAA), Environmental and Maritime Hydraulic Laboratory (LIam), University of L’Aquila, Monteluco di Roio, L’Aquila, Italy
Interests: coastal engineering; ocean engineering; environmental engineering; water waves hydraulics; physical modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Donald F. Hayes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
Interests: environmental engineering; costal engineering; contaminated sediment management; environmental dredging; beneficial use of sediments; water resource system optimization; computer modeling
Dr. Davide Pasquali

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil, Construction-Architectural, and Environmental Engineering Department (DICEAA), Environmental and Maritime Hydraulic Laboratory (LIAM), University of L'Aquila, P.le Pontieri 1, 67100 Monteluco di Roio, L'Aquila, Italy
Interests: storm surge forecasting; coastal engineering; ocean engineering; environmental engineering; water waves hydraulics; physical modeling; wave energy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to water quality and environmental aspects related to sediment transport driven by both ambient forcing and human activities. Indeed, estuarine, coastal, and harbor areas often undergo operations to nourish beaches, to maintain navigation channels, to remove contaminated sediment, and so forth. Hence, much research is needed related to the sediment processes, transport, and related environmental aspects of marine sediments. The aim of this Special Issue is to collect novel research results in this field.

Authors are invited to submit papers dealing with topics including but not limited to the following:

  • marine sediment processes, transport, and environmental aspects related to dredging operations
  • coastal sediments transport
  • harbor siltation
  • sustainable coastal defence systems
  • contaminated sediment management

Research based on field observation, numerical and experimental modelling, and theoretical models is expected to be part of the Special Issue. Also, methodological approaches, comprehensive reviews, and best practices on  national and international scales are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Marcello Di Risio
Prof. Dr. Donald F. Hayes
Dr. Davide Pasquali
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • marine sediment
  • contaminated sediment management
  • coastal sediment transport
  • harbor siltation
  • dredging
  • water quality
  • coastal engineering
  • coastal defence system
  • mathematical modelling
  • engineering practice

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

3 pages, 158 KiB  
Editorial
Marine Sediments: Processes, Transport and Environmental Aspects
by Marcello Di Risio, Donald F. Hayes and Davide Pasquali
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8(4), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8040243 - 02 Apr 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1705
Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to water quality and environmental aspects related to sediment transport driven by both ambient forcing and human activities [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Sediments: Processes, Transport and Environmental Aspects)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

24 pages, 3941 KiB  
Article
Study on the Spillover of Sediment during Typical Tidal Processes in the Yangtze Estuary Using a High-Resolution Numerical Model
by Dechao Hu, Min Wang, Shiming Yao and Zhongwu Jin
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(11), 390; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7110390 - 01 Nov 2019
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2120
Abstract
Because of special morphologies and complex runoff–tide interactions, the landward floodtide flows in Yangtze Estuary are observed to spill over from the North to the South Branches, carrying a lot of sediment. To quantitatively clarify the spillover problem, a two-dimensional numerical model using [...] Read more.
Because of special morphologies and complex runoff–tide interactions, the landward floodtide flows in Yangtze Estuary are observed to spill over from the North to the South Branches, carrying a lot of sediment. To quantitatively clarify the spillover problem, a two-dimensional numerical model using a high-resolution channel-refined unstructured grid is developed for the entire Yangtze Estuary from Datong to river mouths (620 km) and part of the East Sea. The developed model ensures a good description of the river-coast-ocean coupling, the irregular boundaries, and local river regimes in the Yangtze Estuary. In tests, the simulated histories of the tidal level, depth-averaged velocity, and sediment concentration agree well with field data. The spillover of sediment in the Yangtze Estuary is studied using the condition of a spring and a neap tide in dry seasons. For a representative cross-section in the upper reach of the North Branch (QLG), the difference of the cross-sectional sediment flux (CSSF) between floodtide and ebbtide durations is 43.85–11.26 × 104 t/day, accounting for 37.5–34.9% of the landward floodtide CSSF. The mechanics of sediment spillover in Yangtze Estuary are clarified in terms of a successive process comprising the source, transport, and drainage of the spillover sediment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Sediments: Processes, Transport and Environmental Aspects)
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25 pages, 4354 KiB  
Article
Critical Processes of Trace Metals Mobility in Transitional Waters: Implications from the Remote, Antinioti Lagoon, Corfu Island, Greece
by Fotini Botsou, Aristomenis P. Karageorgis, Vasiliki Paraskevopoulou, Manos Dassenakis and Michael Scoullos
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(9), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7090307 - 04 Sep 2019
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2360
Abstract
The Antinioti Lagoon is a karstified, rather pristine, and shallow coastal lagoon located in the northern part of Corfu Island in NW Greece. The present study examines the levels of metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in the dissolved and [...] Read more.
The Antinioti Lagoon is a karstified, rather pristine, and shallow coastal lagoon located in the northern part of Corfu Island in NW Greece. The present study examines the levels of metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in the dissolved and particulate phase, as well as in surface and core sediments, and identifies the critical processes that define their behavior. The major transport pathway of dissolved Mn, Cd, and Pb, and particulate Mn, Cd, and Zn into the lagoon is through freshwater springs, whereas surface runoff dominates the transport of particulate Al, Fe, and Cu. Interestingly, large particles (>8 μm) contain higher amounts of Al, Fe and Mn than the finer ones (<8 μm), due to flocculation of oxyhydroxides that, eventually, scavenge other metals, as well. Cadmium and Zn bound to the large particles were found to be less prone to desorption than the smaller ones and were effectively captured within the lagoon. In the sediments, diagenetic processes are responsible for post-depositional changes in the forms of metals (particularly Fe, Mn and Cd). Enrichment factors (EFs) based on local background showed that sediments are enriched in restricted areas in Cd and Pb by maximum factors 4.8 and 10, respectively. These metals were predominantly found in potentially labile forms. Thus, any interventions introducing changes in the physico-chemical conditions may result in the release of metals, with negative implications on the lagoon’s ecological quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Sediments: Processes, Transport and Environmental Aspects)
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22 pages, 4709 KiB  
Article
Geomorphology of a Holocene Hurricane Deposit Eroded from Rhyolite Sea Cliffs on Ensenada Almeja (Baja California Sur, Mexico)
by Markes E. Johnson, Rigoberto Guardado-France, Erlend M. Johnson and Jorge Ledesma-Vázquez
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(6), 193; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7060193 - 22 Jun 2019
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3042
Abstract
This work advances research on the role of hurricanes in degrading the rocky coastline within Mexico’s Gulf of California, most commonly formed by widespread igneous rocks. Under evaluation is a distinct coastal boulder bed (CBB) derived from banded rhyolite with boulders arrayed in [...] Read more.
This work advances research on the role of hurricanes in degrading the rocky coastline within Mexico’s Gulf of California, most commonly formed by widespread igneous rocks. Under evaluation is a distinct coastal boulder bed (CBB) derived from banded rhyolite with boulders arrayed in a partial-ring configuration against one side of the headland on Ensenada Almeja (Clam Bay) north of Loreto. Preconditions related to the thickness of rhyolite flows and vertical fissures that intersect the flows at right angles along with the specific gravity of banded rhyolite delimit the size, shape and weight of boulders in the Almeja CBB. Mathematical formulae are applied to calculate the wave height generated by storm surge impacting the headland. The average weight of the 25 largest boulders from a transect nearest the bedrock source amounts to 1200 kg but only 30% of the sample is estimated to exceed a full metric ton in weight. The wave height calculated to move those boulders is close to 8 m. Additional localities with CBBs composed of layered rock types such as basalt and andesite are proposed for future studies within the Gulf of California. Comparisons with selected CBBs in other parts of the world are made. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Sediments: Processes, Transport and Environmental Aspects)
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26 pages, 3967 KiB  
Article
Mathematical Modeling Framework of Physical Effects Induced by Sediments Handling Operations in Marine and Coastal Areas
by Iolanda Lisi, Alessandra Feola, Antonello Bruschi, Andrea Pedroncini, Davide Pasquali and Marcello Di Risio
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(5), 149; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7050149 - 15 May 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3649
Abstract
In recent years increasing attention has been paid to environmental effects that may result from marine dredging and disposal operations. In general, the fine-grained fraction of handled sediments can be dispersed far from the intervention site as a turbidity plume, depending on the [...] Read more.
In recent years increasing attention has been paid to environmental effects that may result from marine dredging and disposal operations. In general, the fine-grained fraction of handled sediments can be dispersed far from the intervention site as a turbidity plume, depending on the specific site and operational parameters. Starting from a literature review, this paper suggests standards for estimating and characterizing the sediment source term, for setting up far-field modeling studies and analyzing numerical results, with the aim of optimizing, also from an economic point of view, the different project, execution and monitoring phases. The paper proposes an integrated modeling approach for simulating sediment dispersion due to sediment handling operations in different marine-coastal areas (off-shore, near-shore and semi-enclosed basins). Attention is paid to the characterization of sediment source terms due to different operational phases (removal, transport and disposal). The paper also deals with the definition of accuracy level of modeling activities, with regard to the main physical processes characterizing the different marine–coastal areas and to the type of environmental critical issues near the intervention site (if any). The main relationships between modeling and monitoring are given for the different design and management phases to support the selection of appropriate technical alternatives and monitoring actions and to ensure the environmental compliance of the proposed interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Sediments: Processes, Transport and Environmental Aspects)
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12 pages, 3168 KiB  
Article
Influence of Underwater Bar Location on Cross-Shore Sediment Transport in the Coastal Zone
by Olga Kuznetsova and Yana Saprykina
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(3), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7030055 - 26 Feb 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2793
Abstract
The effect of the underwater bar position on a sandy beach profile was studied on a timescale of one storm, using the XBeach numerical model. The largest shoreline regress occurred in the first hour of storm. For the chosen wave regime an underwater [...] Read more.
The effect of the underwater bar position on a sandy beach profile was studied on a timescale of one storm, using the XBeach numerical model. The largest shoreline regress occurred in the first hour of storm. For the chosen wave regime an underwater profile close to the theoretical Dean’s equilibrium profile is formed after 6 h. The position of the underwater bar affects the shoreline retreat rate. The lowest shore retreat occurs when the bar crest is located at a distance equal to 0.70–0.82 of the deep-water wavelength, corresponding to the period of the wave spectrum peak. The maximal shoreline retreat occurs when the bar is located at a distance that is close to a half wavelength. The shoreline recession depends on the heights of low-frequency waves. The smaller the mean wave period and the higher low-frequency waves’ height near the coast, the smaller the retreat of the shoreline. The distance of seaward sediment transfer is directly proportional to the significant wave height near shore. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Sediments: Processes, Transport and Environmental Aspects)
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