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Biogeochemical Role of Algae in Aquatic Ecosystems: Basic Research and...
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Biogeochemical Role of Algae in Aquatic Ecosystems: Basic Research and Applied Biotechnology

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Ecology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2023) | Viewed by 9888

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Nikolay Lobus

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya st. 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
Interests: biogenic migration of the major, trace and rare earth elements; biogeochemical role of algae in ecosystems: chemical composition, accumulation, biomonitoring, recycling of nutrients, biotechnological application
Dr. Anastasia Drozdova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 36 Nakhimovsky Avenue, Moscow 117997, Russia
Interests: carbon cycling in aquatic ecosystems; sources of dissolved organic matter; fluorescence of DOM; optical monitoring methods

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Algae are a key part of aquatic ecosystems. They are the basis for converting solar energy and inorganic substances of low chemical energy into organic substances of high energy, giving life to other organisms, which depend on algae metabolic activity both directly and indirectly. Algae diversity is very broad and is reflected in a wide range of biochemical properties predetermining the relationship between organisms and environment.

Algae play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles of the many chemical elements in aquatic ecosystems. Recently, there has been great concern about changes in the regional and global cycles of major and trace elements, caused primarily by climate change and anthropogenic impact. Negative consequences of such changes include heavy metal pollution, eutrophication, acidification, greenhouse gas emissions, microbial decomposition of frozen carbon pool, and some other processes, potentially affecting global climate dynamics by accelerating global warming. In this regard, the role of algae in biogeochemical processes has attracted much interest, particularly regarding their response to the changing environmental conditions and the consequences of these changes.

Considering algae as a potential source for manufacturing and green technologies is another important issue. Nowadays, algae receive great attention as a single object to resolve a list of contemporary concerns, such as CO2 emissions, alternative energy, water purification, and bioremediation.

This Special Issue will uniquely focus on the bio(geo)chemical interactions between algae and environment. We welcome original research papers representing experimental work, field studies, new methods and equipment, theoretical approaches, and mathematical modeling in addition to review papers. We especially encourage contributions that use multidisciplinary approaches to explore biogeochemical processes in the natural environment and applied biotechnology.

Dr. Nikolay Lobus
Dr. Anastasia Drozdova
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aquatic systems
  • algae
  • biogeochemistry
  • element cycles
  • nutrients
  • dissolved organic carbon
  • bioaccumulation
  • environmental risks
  • climate change
  • eutrophication
  • bioremediation
  • ecological monitoring
  • water purification
  • methods and equipment

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

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5 pages, 487 KiB  
Editorial
Biogeochemical Role of Algae in Aquatic Ecosystems: Basic Research and Applied Biotechnology
by Nikolay V. Lobus
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(12), 1846; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10121846 - 01 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3110
Abstract
The term “algae” has no formal taxonomic position [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biogeochemical Role of Algae in Aquatic Ecosystems: Basic Research and Applied Biotechnology)
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Research

Jump to: Editorial

19 pages, 2512 KiB  
Article
Using Algal Indices to Assess the Ecological Condition of the Aras River, Northwestern Iran
by Fatemeh Parikhani, Ehsan Atazadeh, Jafar Razeghi, Mohammad Mosaferi and Maxim Kulikovskiy
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(10), 1867; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11101867 - 26 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1080
Abstract
This work is the first in a series, and its purpose is the comprehensive assessment of the ecological state of the Aras River using biological indicators of water quality by diatoms based on species’ ecological preferences, pollution indices, statistics, and ecological mapping. Samples [...] Read more.
This work is the first in a series, and its purpose is the comprehensive assessment of the ecological state of the Aras River using biological indicators of water quality by diatoms based on species’ ecological preferences, pollution indices, statistics, and ecological mapping. Samples of diatoms and soft algae and measurements of water quality were analyzed at sixteen sampling sites (between 2020 and 2022) along the Aras River. The impact of anthropological activity on the river was monitored concerning water quality, river health, and ecosystem function. The physical and chemical characteristics of the water were measured. The biological properties of the algal periphyton communities, including species composition, were also measured. Based on the studies conducted in this research, 280 species were identified. The most prosperous species were Diatoma vulgaris, Amphora ovalis, Cocconeis placentula, Rhoicosphenia abbre-viatae, Cymbella helvetica, Brevisira arentii, Navicula tripunctata, Nitzschia linearis, Microcystis botrys, Microcystis aeruginosa, Pseudanabaena limnetica, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Pleurosira laevis (a pollution-resistant and salinity-resistant species first found in aquatic habitats in the Aras River). As a result, the empirical data and algal indices showed the river’s lower reaches to be in poor condition. Exploration of the algal assemblage and water chemistry data using computationally unconstrained ordination techniques such as principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated two strong gradients in the data sets. The results support that water body classification is a function of water chemistry and biological and hydrological characteristics, as it is necessary to include pollutant effects on biota since the nature of the receiving waters influences the river’s water quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biogeochemical Role of Algae in Aquatic Ecosystems: Basic Research and Applied Biotechnology)
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13 pages, 2684 KiB  
Article
Immobilization on Polyethylenimine and Chitosan Sorbents Modulates the Production of Valuable Fatty Acids by the Chlorophyte Lobosphaera sp. IPPAS C-2047
by Svetlana Vasilieva, Karina Shibzukhova, Alexei Solovchenko, Olga Chivkunova, Christina Antipova, Alexey Morozov and Elena Lobakova
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(4), 865; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11040865 - 19 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1187
Abstract
Green microalgae, including those from the genus Lobosphaera, are exploited in various fields of biotechnology to obtain valuable fatty acids (e.g., arachidonic acid (C20:4, ARA)) for the production of infant formulae, food and feed additives. In nature, microalgae frequently exist in naturally [...] Read more.
Green microalgae, including those from the genus Lobosphaera, are exploited in various fields of biotechnology to obtain valuable fatty acids (e.g., arachidonic acid (C20:4, ARA)) for the production of infant formulae, food and feed additives. In nature, microalgae frequently exist in naturally immobilized state (as biofilms) with a limited cell division rate and increased stress resilience. In the fields of biotechnology, immobilization of microalgae on artificial cell carriers simplifies biomass harvesting and increases culture robustness and productivity. The choice of a suitable cell carrier is central to biotechnology involving immobilized cultures. Cell carriers based on the natural amine-containing polymer chitosan and synthetic polyethylenimine (PEI) are promising candidates for immobilization of phototrophic microorganisms. This is the first report on the effects of immobilization on PEI and chitosan on the accumulation and composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including ARA, in Lobosphaera sp. IPPAS C-2047. Immobilization on PEI increased the ARA percentage in the total fatty acids and ARA accumulation by 72% and 81% compared to the suspended cells cultured in complete or nitrogen-deprived medium 14 days, respectively. Immobilization of Lobosphaera sp. on the chitosan-based carrier reduced the ARA percentage but increased oleic and α-linoleic acid percentages. The mechanisms of the effects of immobilization on the fatty acid profiles of the microalgae are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biogeochemical Role of Algae in Aquatic Ecosystems: Basic Research and Applied Biotechnology)
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20 pages, 3550 KiB  
Article
Structure and Productivity of the Phytoplankton Community in the Southwestern Kara Sea in Early Summer
by Sergey A. Mosharov, Elena I. Druzhkova, Andrey F. Sazhin, Pavel V. Khlebopashev, Anastasia N. Drozdova, Nikolay A. Belyaev and Andrey I. Azovsky
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(4), 832; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11040832 - 15 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 970
Abstract
Knowledge of the features of the structure and productivity of the Arctic communities of marine planktonic algae is necessary to identify possible changes in the pelagic ecosystem functioning under the changing climate condition of the Kara Sea. This study shows that the species [...] Read more.
Knowledge of the features of the structure and productivity of the Arctic communities of marine planktonic algae is necessary to identify possible changes in the pelagic ecosystem functioning under the changing climate condition of the Kara Sea. This study shows that the species diversity, abundance of phytoplankton, and production activity of algae are at a maximum at the beginning of summer during a seasonal ice melting period. The studies were carried out in the southwestern Kara Sea and in the estuarine zone of the Ob and Yenisei rivers from 29 June to 15 July 2018. The concentrations of nutrients and dissolved organic carbon were determined. The optical properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter, species composition, abundance and biomass of all size groups of phototrophic and heterotrophic phytoplankton, and parameters of primary production and potential photosynthetic capacity were considered. Statistical data analysis showed that the leading factors influencing changes in the abundance of phytoplankton and its productivity are the content of silicates and salinity. At the same time, the production potential of algae is realized as short-lived and small phytoplankton assemblages differed in number taxa and diversity, with an equally rapid decrease in photosynthetic activity. Such changes affect the Marine Zone to a greater extent and the Estuarine Zone to a lesser extent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biogeochemical Role of Algae in Aquatic Ecosystems: Basic Research and Applied Biotechnology)
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23 pages, 4798 KiB  
Article
Optimal Assimilation Number of Phytoplankton in the Siberian Seas: Spatiotemporal Variability, Environmental Control and Estimation Using a Region-Specific Model
by Andrey B. Demidov, Tatiana A. Belevich and Sergey V. Sheberstov
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(3), 522; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11030522 - 27 Feb 2023
Viewed by 985
Abstract
The maximal value of the chlorophyll-specific carbon fixation rate in the water column or the optimal assimilation number (Pbopt) is an important parameter used to estimate water column integrated primary production (IPP) using models and satellite-derived data. The spatiotemporal variability [...] Read more.
The maximal value of the chlorophyll-specific carbon fixation rate in the water column or the optimal assimilation number (Pbopt) is an important parameter used to estimate water column integrated primary production (IPP) using models and satellite-derived data. The spatiotemporal variability in the Pbopt of the total and size-fractionated phytoplankton in the Siberian Seas (SSs) and its links with environmental factors were studied based on long-term (1993–2020) field and satellite-derived (MODIS-Aqua) observations. The average value of Pbopt in the SSs was equal to 1.38 ± 0.76 mgC (mg Chl a)–1 h–1. The monthly average values of Pbopt decreased during the growing season from 1.95 mgC (mg Chl a)–1 h–1 in July to 0.64 mgC (mg Chl a)–1 h–1 in October. The average value of Pbopt for small (<3 μm) phytoplankton 1.6-fold exceeded that for large (>3 μm) phytoplankton. The values of Pbopt depend mainly on incident photosynthetically available radiation (PAR). Based on the relationship between Pbopt and PAR, the empirical region-specific algorithm (E0reg) was developed. The E0reg algorithm performed better than commonly used temperature-based models. The application of E0reg for the calculation of Pbopt will make it possible to more precisely estimate IPP in the SSs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biogeochemical Role of Algae in Aquatic Ecosystems: Basic Research and Applied Biotechnology)
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21 pages, 3842 KiB  
Article
Elemental Composition of Particulate Matter in the Euphotic and Benthic Boundary Layers of the Barents and Norwegian Seas
by Dina P. Starodymova, Marina D. Kravchishina, Anastasia I. Kochenkova, Alexey S. Lokhov, Natalia M. Makhnovich and Svetlana V. Vazyulya
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(1), 65; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11010065 - 02 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1288
Abstract
The increasing influence of Atlantic inflows in the Arctic Ocean in recent decades has had a potential impact on regional biogeochemical cycles of major and trace elements. The warm and salty Atlantic water, entering the Eurasian Basin through the Norwegian Sea margin and [...] Read more.
The increasing influence of Atlantic inflows in the Arctic Ocean in recent decades has had a potential impact on regional biogeochemical cycles of major and trace elements. The warm and salty Atlantic water, entering the Eurasian Basin through the Norwegian Sea margin and the Barents Sea, affects particle transport, sink, phyto-, and zooplankton community structure and could have far-reaching consequences for the marine ecosystems. This study discusses the elemental composition of suspended particulate matter and fluffy-layer suspended matter derived from samples collected in the Barents Sea and northern Norwegian Sea in August 2017. The mosaic distribution of SPM elemental composition is mainly determined by two factors: (i) The essential spatial variability of biological processes (primary production, abundance, and phytoplankton composition) and (ii) differences in the input of terrigenous sedimentary matter to the sea area from drainage sources (weak river runoff, melting of archipelago glaciers, etc.). The distribution of lithogenic, bioessential, and redox-sensitive groups of elements in the particulate matter was studied at full-depth profiles. Marine cycling of strontium in the Barents Sea is shown to be significantly affected by increasing coccolithophorid bloom, which is associated with Atlantic water. Mn, Cu, Cd, and Ba significantly enrich the suspended particulate matter of the benthic nepheloid layer relative to the fluffy layer particulate matter within the benthic boundary layer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biogeochemical Role of Algae in Aquatic Ecosystems: Basic Research and Applied Biotechnology)
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