Dear Colleagues,

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly advancing field with many potential applications, with computed aided diagnosis (CAD) systems being among the most promising. Gastroenterology, ophthalmology, and radiology are examples of specialities where AI algorithms can be used to automatically identify potential abnormalities or diseases from images, helping specialists and other medical professionals make more accurate and timely diagnosis, and ultimately resulting in earlier treatment and better patient outcomes. Although AI algorithms can achieve high-performance levels in many tasks, the AI decision making process is not easy to understand. For this reason, it is often referred to as a "black box", an arrangement that makes it difficult for practitioners to understand the reasoning behind an AI algorithm's decisions and to limit the ability to trust and interpret the results. This lack of transparency and explanation in AI algorithms is a complex issue that is being addressed by the field of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). XAI encompasses various approaches and methodologies aiming to make AI systems more transparent, interpretable, and explainable to users. These include techniques such as model interpretability, feature importance, and counterfactual analysis, among others. By developing AI systems that are more transparent and explainable, XAI aims to increase trust in the technology and ensure that it is used responsibly.

This Special Issue aims to review the latest research progress in the field of XAI and its application in the different medical imaging research areas. We encourage the submission of conceptual, empirical, and literature review papers focusing on this field.

Different types and approaches of XAI are welcome in this Special Issue.

Dr. António Cunha
Dr. Paulo A.C. Salgado
Dr. Teresa Paula Perdicoúlis
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Imaging is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• model interpretability
• explainable artificial intelligence
• human-understandable AI systems