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Special Issue "Hot Cardiovascular Topics in Chronic and End-Stage Renal Disease"

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A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Cardiovascular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2023) | Viewed by 5795

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Luca Di Lullo

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Guest Editor

Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, “L. Parodi – Delfino” Hospital, Colleferro, Italy
Interests: Cardiorenal disease; Diabetes Mellitus; Anticoagulant therapy; Acute Kidney Disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Antonio Bellasi

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Guest Editor

Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
Interests: CKD–MBD; Cardiorenal disease; Chronic kidney disease; Vascular disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Biagio Raffaele Di Iorio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Nephrology and Dialysis, AORN "San Giuseppe Moscati", 83100 Avellino, Italy
Interests: CKD–MBD; Cardiorenal disease; Chronic kidney disease; Vascular disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular disease represents the main cause of morbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as the main cause of death in patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease (ESRD).

In light of this, the early identification of cardiovascular risk factors, as well as the correct treatment of all diseases with cardio-renal involvement, is essential in a population, such as that of patients with CKD, which is particularly at risk.

The term cardio–renal syndrome, almost universally recognized, identifies precisely those clinical situations in which heart and kidney are involved, simultaneously or in more or less rapid progression.

Cardiorenal syndromes do not represent, however, the only manifestations of cardiovascular involvement during chronic kidney disease, regardless of the stage of kidney disease itself.

In fact, in the patient with chronic kidney disease coexist both the classic cardiovascular risk factors (age, sex, abnormalities of lipid metabolism, hypertension) and those more closely related to a condition of chronic kidney disease: this is the case, for example, for cardiovascular involvement during secondary hyperparathyroidism but also of cardiovascular disease due to an accelerated atherosclerotic process.

We solicit papers on traditional and CKD-related cardiovascular risk factors as far as on new therpaies in the fields of diabetes and cardiorenal diseases such as new hypoglycemic agents and the new oral anticoagulant drugs focused on delay the progression of renal disease.

Dr. Luca Di Lullo
Dr. Antonio Bellasi
Dr. Biagio Raffaele Di Iorio
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

cardiorenale syndromes
cardiovascular risk factors
chronic kidney disease
end-stage renal disease
arterial hypertension
anticoagulant therapy
new hypoglicemic agents

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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Open AccessArticle

Clinical Factors Associated with Arterial Stiffness in Chronic Kidney Disease

and

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(3), 1077; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031077 - 30 Jan 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1099

Abstract

Background: Arterial stiffness influences the prognosis of patients with end-stage kidney disease; however, the factors that promote arterial stiffness in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients remain unknown. We aimed to explore the clinical factors associated with arterial stiffness in CKD. Methods: Between September 2017 and September 2022, all CKD patients treated at the Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, excluding dialysis patients, were screened and their medical records within the last month were collected. Arterial stiffness was measured by the augmentation index (AIx). The correlative clinical factors with arterial stiffness were explored in different linear regression models. Results: 559 patients were included in the study. AIx@75 increased as the deterioration of CKDG1–CKDG5, with values of 1 (−9, 11), 5.5 (−4, 13.25), 9 (0, 16), 12 (1.5, 23.5), and 22 (13, 28), respectively (Z = 63.03, p < 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that AIx@75 was positively associated with female sex (β = 8.926, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6.291, 11.562, p < 0.001), age (β = 0. 485, 95% CI 0.39, 0.58, p < 0.001), mean arterial pressure (MAP) (β = 0.255, 95% CI 0.159, 0.35, p < 0.001), and was negatively associated with ACEI/ARB (β = −4.466, 95% CI −6.963, −1.969, p < 0.001) and glucocorticoid (β = −3.163, 95% CI −6.143, −0.183, p = 0.038). Smoking, eGFR, hemoglobin, and cause of disease were associated with AIx@75 in multivariate linear regression models when considering factors partly. Conclusions: Female, age, smoking, MAP, eGFR, cause of disease, ACEI/ARB, and glucocorticoid were found to be associated with atherosclerosis in CKD patients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hot Cardiovascular Topics in Chronic and End-Stage Renal Disease)

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Open AccessArticle

High Inferior Vena Cava Diameter with High Left Ventricular End Systolic Diameter as a Risk Factor for Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events, Cardiovascular and Overall Mortality among Chronic Hemodialysis Patients

and

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(18), 5485; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11185485 - 19 Sep 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1102

Abstract

Background: Little is known about the association of inferior vena cava diameter (IVCD) and left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) with mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Methods: The single medical center observational cohort study enrolled 241 adult chronic HD patients from 1 October 2018 to 31 December 2018. Echocardiography results of IVCD and LVESD prior to dialysis were retrieved and patients were divided into high IVCD and low IVCD groups. Patients who received HD via a tunneled cuffed catheter were excluded. Study outcomes included all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Subgroup analyses of HD patients with high and low LVESD were also performed. Results: The incidence of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and MACE were higher in chronic HD patients with high IVCD (p < 0.01). High IVCD patients had significantly greater all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and MACE (log-rank test; p < 0.05). High IVCD patients are also associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and MACE relative to low IVCD patients (aHRs, 2.88 and 3.42; 95% CIs, 1.06–7.86 and 1.73–6.77, respectively; all p < 0.05). In the subgroup analysis of patients with high or low LVESD, the high IVCD remained a significant risk factor for all-cause mortality and MACE, and the HR is especially high in the high LVESD group. Conclusions: Dilated IVCD is a risk factor for all-cause mortality and MACE in chronic HD patients. In addition, these patients with high LVESD also have a significantly higher HR of all-cause mortality and MACE. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hot Cardiovascular Topics in Chronic and End-Stage Renal Disease)

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Open AccessArticle

Associations between Serum Saturated Fatty Acids Content and Mortality in Dialysis Patients

Malgorzata Sikorska-Wisniewska

Adriana Mika

Tomasz Sledzinski

and

Michal Chmielewski

J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(17), 5051; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11175051 - 28 Aug 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 833

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular mortality in dialysis population remains very high. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) contribute to atherosclerosis and to cardiovascular risk. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between mortality in dialysis patients and the serum SFA content. Methods: Survival of 54 patients on dialysis was assessed. A total of 21 SFA from patients’ sera were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaire FFQ-6. The SFA content is presented as fatty acid proportion (%). Results: During the observation time (median 66 months) 22 patients died. There was a significant relationship between elevated SFA (above SFA mean) and mortality (log-rank 3.13; p = 0.0017). Moreover, patients who ingested foods rich in SFA, according to FFQ-6, had a higher mortality risk (log-rank 2.24; p = 0.03). The hazard ratio for mortality associated with increased SFA content equalled 4.47 (1.63–12.26). Addition of age and inflammation (hsCRP > 5 mg/L) into the Cox model did not modify this relationship. However, SFA content turned out to be significantly higher in patients with diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, as compared to patients free from these co-morbidities. Their addition to the model attenuated the relationship between SFA and mortality, making it statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The serum content of SFA turned out to be a strong predictor of mortality in dialysis patients. However, given the significant associations between SFA, DM, and CVD, interventional studies with controlled SFA intake are needed to evaluate the causal links between SFA, co-morbidities and survival. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hot Cardiovascular Topics in Chronic and End-Stage Renal Disease)

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Review

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Open AccessReview

Finerenone: Questions and Answers—The Four Fundamental Arguments on the New-Born Promising Non-Steroidal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist

Luca Di Lullo

Carlo Lavalle

Alessia Scatena

Marco Valerio Mariani

Claudio Ronco

and

Antonio Bellasi

J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(12), 3992; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12123992 - 12 Jun 2023

Viewed by 2121

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus and an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite guideline-directed therapy of CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes, the risk of renal failure and cardiovascular events still remains high, and diabetes remains the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease in affected patients. To date, current medications for CKD and type 2 diabetes mellitus have not reset residual risk in patients due to a high grade of inflammation and fibrosis contributing to kidney and heart disease. This question-and-answer-based review will discuss the pharmacological and clinical differences between finerenone and other mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists and then move on to the main evidence in the cardiovascular and renal fields, closing, finally, on the potential role of therapeutic combination with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hot Cardiovascular Topics in Chronic and End-Stage Renal Disease)

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