10th Anniversary of JCM—Latest Advances in the Field of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Otolaryngology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 August 2022) | Viewed by 10795

Special Issue Editor

1. Head of the Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Unit at Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide 5001, Australia
2. Associate Professor, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide 5001, Australia
Interests: sinusitis; immunology; rhinitis; sleep apnoea; oncology and carcinogenesis; airway and voice disorders; surgical education and simulation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This is a special issue entitled latest advances in the field of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. This special issue coincides with the 10th anniversary of the JCM. The last decade has seen an explosion of research and knowledge in multiple areas in Otolaryngology. The areas of interest include Human Papillomavirus associated cancers, robotic surgery, immunotherapy for head and neck cancer, biologics in chronic rhinosinusitis,  cochlear implants to restore hearing, 3D printing, treatments for tinnitus, and latest treatments in sleep apnea.

We are accepting the following submissions: comprehensive Reviews, Observational Cohort study, Cross-sectional study, case control study, basic science research reporting the latest experimental and clinical translation research progress from your research group.

Dr. Eng Ooi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • human papillomavirus
  • head and neck cancers
  • robotic surgery
  • immunotherapy
  • chronic rhinosinusitis
  • cochlear implants
  • 3D printing
  • tinnitus
  • sleep apnea

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1156 KiB  
Article
Cricothyroid Dysfunction in Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis Females Impairs Lexical Tone Production
by Yu-Cheng Wu, Tuan-Jen Fang, Hsiu-Feng Chuang, Alice M. K. Wong and Yu-Cheng Pei
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(21), 6442; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11216442 - 30 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1057
Abstract
In this cross-sectional study, we compared voice tone and activities relating to the laryngeal muscle between unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) patients with and without cricothyroid (CT) muscle dysfunction to define how CT dysfunction affects language tone. Eighty-eight female surgery-related UVFP patients were [...] Read more.
In this cross-sectional study, we compared voice tone and activities relating to the laryngeal muscle between unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) patients with and without cricothyroid (CT) muscle dysfunction to define how CT dysfunction affects language tone. Eighty-eight female surgery-related UVFP patients were recruited and received acoustic voice analysis and laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) when the patient was producing the four Mandarin tones. The statistical analysis was compared between UVFP patients with (CT+ group, 17 patients) and without CT muscle (CT− group, 71 patients) involvement. When producing Mandarin Tone 2, the voice tone in the CT+ group had smaller rise range (p = 0.007), lower rise rate (p = 0.002), and lower fundamental frequency (F0) at the offset point of the voice (p = 0.023). When producing Mandarin Tone 4, the voice tone in the CT+ group had smaller drop range (p = 0.019), lower drop rate (p = 0.005), and lower F0 at voice onset (p = 0.025). The CT+ group had significantly lower CT muscle activity when producing the four Mandarin tones. In conclusion, CT dysfunction causes a limitation of high-rising tone in Tone 2 and high-falling tone in Tone 4, a property that dramatically limits the tonal characteristics in Mandarin, a tonal language. This limitation could further impair the patient’s communication ability. Full article
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10 pages, 1826 KiB  
Article
Effects of Surgical Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Renal and Survival Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Taiwanese Nationwide Cohort Study
by Juen-Haur Hwang, Ben-Hui Yu and Yi-Chun Chen
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(15), 4411; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154411 - 29 Jul 2022
Viewed by 1298
Abstract
The association between surgical treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and survival outcomes is not established, and this study aimed to evaluate this association. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted from 2001 [...] Read more.
The association between surgical treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and survival outcomes is not established, and this study aimed to evaluate this association. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted from 2001 to 2015, including 32,220 eligible CKD patients with incident OSA. By 1:3 propensity score matching, 1078 CKD patients with incident OSA who received surgery (treated cohort) and 3234 untreated cohort who never received surgery were analyzed. The risk of ESRD in the competing mortality was significantly lower in the treated cohort than in the untreated cohort, with an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 0.38 (95% confidence interval (CI0, 0.15–0.97; p = 0.043). In addition, the adjusted HRs of overall, cardiovascular, and non-cardiovascular mortality in the treated and untreated cohorts were 2.54 (95% CI, 1.79–3.59; p < 0.0001), 1.46 (95% CI, 0.29–7.22; p = 0.64), and 2.62 (95% CI, 1.83–3.75; p < 0.0001), respectively. Furthermore, the risks of overall and non-cardiovascular mortality for the treated cohort primarily occurred during a 3-month follow-up. In conclusion, surgical treatment for incident OSA in CKD patients was associated with decreased ESRD risk, but with increased non-cardiovascular mortality risk, especially within 3 months after surgical treatment. Full article
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7 pages, 5600 KiB  
Article
Anterior Pedicled Nasal Flap in Frontal Sinus Drill-Out Patients: A Randomised Controlled Pilot Study
by Mark Bastianelli, Lucy Huang, Paige Moore, Isma Zafar Iqbal, Charmaine M. Woods and Eng H. Ooi
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(15), 4329; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154329 - 26 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1254
Abstract
Background: The endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure (EMLP) is a common procedure performed in patients with frontal sinus pathology. While performing this procedure, large segments of bone are exposed, which may lead to the promotion of frontal sinus neo-ostium stenosis. Here we examine the [...] Read more.
Background: The endoscopic modified Lothrop procedure (EMLP) is a common procedure performed in patients with frontal sinus pathology. While performing this procedure, large segments of bone are exposed, which may lead to the promotion of frontal sinus neo-ostium stenosis. Here we examine the peri-operative differences in time to achieve healing in patients where a mucosal flap is used to cover the exposed bone on one side of the neo-ostium. Design: A randomised pilot study with 12 patients undergoing EMLP surgery participated in this study. Methods: Patients were randomised to undergo a mucosal flap on either the left or right side of the neo-ostium. Prior to surgery, patients completed a SNOT-22 and smell identification test. Patients were reviewed until the neo-ostium had healed on both sides. Once healing had occurred, a post-operative SNOT-22 score and smell identification test were recorded. Results: Average time to healing for the frontal sinus neo-ostium was 4.7 vs. 4.2 (p = 0.3) on the flap vs. non-flap side, respectively. There was an average 24.4 point (range: −75 to +9) decrease in SNOT-22 scores post-surgery. The post-operative USPIT score demonstrated an average increase of 6.6 points (range −13 to +27). Conclusion: We did not detect significant differences in peri-operative time toward healing in neo-ostiums where a single flap is utilised. Further studies are needed to determine whether the usage of a single neo-ostium flap affords any benefit over no flap on either ostium. SNOT-22 and UPSIT scores improved post-surgery. Full article
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14 pages, 865 KiB  
Article
Autologous Fat Plus Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Autologous Fat Alone on Sulcus Vocalis
by Yung-An Tsou, Vincent Hui-Chi Tien, Sheng-Hwa Chen, Liang-Chun Shih, Tzu-Chieh Lin, Chien-Jen Chiu and Wen-Dien Chang
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(3), 725; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11030725 - 29 Jan 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2649
Abstract
Sulcus vocalis is a frequent cause of glottic insufficiency that leads to incomplete vocal fold closure during phonation. Type II sulcus vocalis is defined as a partial defect of the lamina propria (LP). Treatment with fillers, such as fat or hyaluronic acid (HA), [...] Read more.
Sulcus vocalis is a frequent cause of glottic insufficiency that leads to incomplete vocal fold closure during phonation. Type II sulcus vocalis is defined as a partial defect of the lamina propria (LP). Treatment with fillers, such as fat or hyaluronic acid (HA), in the vocal folds is widely used, but the duration of effect is variable. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) can enhance the survival of autologous fat in fat grafting, and also is used to treat sulcus vocalis. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of autologous fat graft versus fat graft plus PRP to treat type II sulcus vocalis. Thirty-four patients with a voice handicap index (VHI) ≥ 11 were randomized to two groups, which received LP injections of fat graft (n = 17) or fat graft plus PRP (n = 17). At 1 month and 6 months after injection, the VHI decreased significantly in both groups. The fat plus PRP group had better Jitter, Shimmer, and noise to harmonic ratio (NHR) in 1 month and 6 months after surgery. The fat plus PRP group resulted in lower VHI scores one month after surgery, and stroboscopy revealed sustained smaller gaps after six months. These results indicate that a combination of fat graft plus PRP is safe and effective for treating sulcus vocalis type II and associated vocal atrophy. Full article
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Review

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9 pages, 602 KiB  
Review
Laryngeal Cancer Surgery: History and Current Indications of Transoral Laser Microsurgery and Transoral Robotic Surgery
by Stéphane Hans, Robin Baudouin, Marta P. Circiu, Florent Couineau, Quentin Lisan, Lise Crevier-Buchman and Jerome R. Lechien
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(19), 5769; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195769 - 29 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3806
Abstract
The development of transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) was an important step in the history of conservative laryngeal surgery. TLM reported comparable oncological outcomes and better functional postoperative and rehabilitation outcomes than open partial laryngectomy. TLM is currently considered as the standard surgical approach [...] Read more.
The development of transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) was an important step in the history of conservative laryngeal surgery. TLM reported comparable oncological outcomes and better functional postoperative and rehabilitation outcomes than open partial laryngectomy. TLM is currently considered as the standard surgical approach for early-stage laryngeal carcinoma. However, TLM has many limitations, including the limited view of the surgical field through the laryngoscope, exposure difficulties for some tumor locations, and a long learning curve. The development of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) appears to be an important issue to overcome these limitations. The current robotic technologies used in surgery benefited from the research of the U.S. Military and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in the 1970s and 1980s. The first application in humans started in the 2000s with the first robotic-assisted cholecystectomy in the US, performed by a surgeon located in France. The use of robots in otolaryngology occurred after the development of the Da Vinci system in digestive surgery, urology, and gynecology, and mainly concerns cT1-T2 and some selected cT3 oropharyngeal and supraglottic carcinomas. With the development of a new robotic system with smaller arms and instruments, TORS indications will probably evolve in the next few years, leading to better outcomes for laryngeal or hypopharyngeal carcinomas. Full article
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