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Triggers of Suicidal Ideation: Multidisciplinary Approach
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Triggers of Suicidal Ideation: Multidisciplinary Approach

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Mental Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 January 2024) | Viewed by 9309

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Cristina Lázaro-Pérez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Lorca Campus of Socio-Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
Interests: clinical psychology; mental illness; suicidal ideation; autolysis; health education; social welfare; psychological care; healthy aging, social anthropology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. José Gómez Galán

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Education, University of Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas, s/n, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
2. College of Education, Ana G. Méndez University, Cupey Campus, San Juan, PR 00926, USA
Interests: media education; digital literacy; educational technology; theory of education; history of education; higher education; holistic education
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Jose Ángel Martínez-López

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Social Work and Social Services, University of Murcia, Avda. Teniente Flomesta, 30003 Murcia, Spain
Interests: health education; life-long education; social work; social services; long-term care; sustainable development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The WHO (World Health Organization) considers suicide "a major public health problem" and a "global imperative", emphasizing that prevention is the highest priority. A mental health action plan was proposed to reduce the number of suicides by 10%. According to WHO figures, suicide is estimated to cause 800,000 deaths yearly. There are three times more suicides in men than in women; however, suicide attempts in women are three times higher than in men.

There are multiple risk factors related to suicidal behavior: individual (mental illness, gender, occupation, previous suicide attempts, addictions, physical illness, etc.), family (child abuse, abuse among family members, family history, etc.), and community (known cases of suicide in close contacts, news about suicide, access to lethal objects, etc.). These risk factors have been extensively studied and described in numerous research papers, but further investigation is needed.

When it comes to tackling this issue, prevention is key. Current theories have established how the interaction of two interpersonal aspects—perceived burden, and frustrated belongingness—can help predict suicidal behaviors. Perceived responsibility is the false perception of uselessness that the individual has about himself and the conception that he is a burden to those around him. Frustrated belonging is when the need to belong to a group is not satisfied. On the other hand, strong family and social environments with well-formed emotional ties reduce false perceptions of being burdensome and create a feeling of belonging to the group, which could act as a protective factor against self-destructive behaviors.

Additionally, self-injurious and self-destructive behaviors, as well as exposure to abuse and violence (such as intimate partner abuse or rape) that may cause trauma, increase the likelihood of suicide attempts. In the case of self-injury, people who report suffering little or no pain during self-injury have a higher risk of suicide. There is also an important field of research related to self-injury, from which we still have much to learn.

This Special Issue welcomes field work and reviews of research studies focused on suicide, particularly the triggers for suicidal ideation, to understand the risk factors, contribute to the control of suicide attempts, and improve mental and emotional health. Due to its multidisciplinary nature, research on health promotion, educational guidelines for prevention, management of behavioral factors or unhealthy lifestyles, social, cultural, and philosophical approaches to suicidal behavior, risk factors, intervention, and treatment, and all work that helps to clarify suicidal behavior and suicidal ideation may also be presented. This will improve our understanding of this behavior and help to prevent it in the future.

Potential topics for this Special Issue include (but are not limited to):

  • Suicidal ideation;
  • Suicide attempt;
  • Assisted suicide;
  • Autolysis;
  • Public health;
  • Prevention;
  • Disease prevention;
  • Euthanasia;
  • Healthy lifestyles;
  • Health promotion.

Dr. Cristina Lázaro-Pérez
Prof. Dr. José Gómez Galán
Prof. Dr. Jose Ángel Martínez-López
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • clinical psychology
  • mental illness
  • psychiatry
  • suicidal ideation
  • attempted suicide
  • autolysis
  • assisted suicide
  • parasuicide
  • health education
  • public health
  • prevention
  • disease prevention
  • euthanasia
  • healthy lifestyles
  • health promotion

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 542 KiB  
Article
Possible Mental Health Interventions for Family Members of a Close Relative Who Has Suicidal Thoughts or Committed Suicide: A Pilot Project at a Mental Health Center
by Sigita Lesinskienė, Virginija Karalienė, Kamilė Pociūtė and Rokas Šambaras
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(7), 2032; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13072032 - 31 Mar 2024
Viewed by 506
Abstract
Background: Suicides are an actual issue, especially in Lithuania, where, despite significant efforts, the number of suicides remains very high. In cases of suicide, society painfully loses its members, and the relatives of the person who committed suicide, engaged in self-harm, or attempted [...] Read more.
Background: Suicides are an actual issue, especially in Lithuania, where, despite significant efforts, the number of suicides remains very high. In cases of suicide, society painfully loses its members, and the relatives of the person who committed suicide, engaged in self-harm, or attempted suicide face many negative experiences. Methods: The purpose of this article is to describe the pilot project applied for 2 years in the Mental Health Center (MHC) in the city of Vilnius, Lithuania, in organizing and providing services to people whose relatives committed suicide or attempted suicide or self-harm. This prevention and early intervention program, organized by an interdisciplinary team at an MHC, appeared appropriate, effective, and well-attended. Program clients could participate anonymously and have the opportunity to choose the time and the right services for themselves from the offered program services package. Results: Providing the possibility for family members to receive flexible mental health services at the primary center increased the attractiveness of the program and reduced stigma. Conclusions: The program results demonstrated the applicability of the implementation of such an initiative as a relevant possibility when providing complex help for the relatives of self-harming and/or suicidal people. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Triggers of Suicidal Ideation: Multidisciplinary Approach)
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21 pages, 287 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of COVID-19 Effect on Mental Health, Self-Harm, and Suicidal Behaviors in Children and Adolescents Population
by Jagoda Grzejszczak, Dominik Strzelecki, Agata Gabryelska and Magdalena Kotlicka-Antczak
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(3), 744; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13030744 - 27 Jan 2024
Viewed by 955
Abstract
Objectives: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological state of the under-18 population includes an increased risk of psychopathological symptoms development and exacerbation of already present psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of mental health problems in Polish [...] Read more.
Objectives: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological state of the under-18 population includes an increased risk of psychopathological symptoms development and exacerbation of already present psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of mental health problems in Polish children and adolescents with a focus on suicidal and self-harm behavior with the impact of the pandemic. Methods: The questionnaire collected demographic data, information regarding mental states and psychopathological symptoms, history of self-harm and suicidal behaviors, as well as the experience of psychological, and physical violence, and suicidal self-harm behaviors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: In the final analysis, 782 responses were included. Self-evaluation of general and mental health scores was significantly lower during the pandemic among children (both p < 0.001) and adolescents (both p < 0.001). Moreover, general and mental health scores were lower among adolescents compared to children before (both p < 0.001) and during (both p < 0.001) the pandemic. The frequency of seeking help because of mental health problems increased during the pandemic among children and adolescents, while no changes were observed in the prevalence of psychiatric hospitalizations in either of the populations (p = 0.317 and p = 1.00, respectively). Out of autoregressive behaviors among children during the pandemic period, only the frequency of thinking about death increased (p = 0.038). No suicidal attempts were undertaken by children in either of the evaluated time periods. The presence of all autoaggressive behaviors was greater among adolescents compared to children both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (all p<0.05). Conclusions: A subjective decrease in psychophysical well-being, an increase in the frequency of seeking mental health help during the pandemic, as well as an increased prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms were observed in the under-18 population as a potential consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and related socioeconomic changes. The marked increase in self-harm behavior in the adolescent population (age > 12) and the marked increase in the frequency of death thinking in children (age ≤ 12) suggests the need for greater awareness and easier access to professional help from mental health specialists, particularly in a time of unprecedented stress and social isolation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Triggers of Suicidal Ideation: Multidisciplinary Approach)
18 pages, 335 KiB  
Article
Predictive Factors of Suicidal Ideation in Spanish University Students: A Health, Preventive, Social, and Cultural Approach
by Cristina Lázaro-Pérez, Pilar Munuera Gómez, José Ángel Martínez-López and José Gómez-Galán
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(3), 1207; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12031207 - 02 Feb 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1818
Abstract
Suicide, as the ultimate expression of suicidal ideation, has accompanied human beings throughout history within specific social and cultural contexts. However, in recent decades the increase in suicides, especially in developed countries after the Second Demographic Transition and the rise of postmaterialist values, [...] Read more.
Suicide, as the ultimate expression of suicidal ideation, has accompanied human beings throughout history within specific social and cultural contexts. However, in recent decades the increase in suicides, especially in developed countries after the Second Demographic Transition and the rise of postmaterialist values, has been increasing in the youth population. This study is created from a quantitative perspective and aims to determine the predictors of suicidal ideation in university students in Spain. The fieldwork was carried out in a large sample of Spanish universities over several weeks in 2022, with the participation of hundreds of university students (n = 1472). The predictors of suicidal ideation were gender, types of social relationships, history of bullying, health status, taking antidepressant medication, increased anxiety after COVID-19, economic difficulties in continuing studies, and perspective on their future. The results highlight the need for the greater involvement of universities by establishing programs for preventing, detecting, and treating suicidal ideation, always in coordination with health systems to prevent further suicides in their university community. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Triggers of Suicidal Ideation: Multidisciplinary Approach)
13 pages, 738 KiB  
Article
Increase in Search Interest for “Suicide” and “Depression” for Particular Days of the Week and Times of Day: Analysis Based on Google Trends
by Jacek Stańdo, Żywilla Fechner, Agnieszka Gmitrowicz, Karl Andriessen, Karolina Krysinska and Adam Czabański
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(1), 191; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010191 - 26 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2449
Abstract
Depression is the most common disorder in people who attempt suicide or die by suicide. Research review indicate that therapy of depression (including psychoeducation) is one of the main factors in the prevention of suicidal behavior. In this paper we examine the intensification [...] Read more.
Depression is the most common disorder in people who attempt suicide or die by suicide. Research review indicate that therapy of depression (including psychoeducation) is one of the main factors in the prevention of suicidal behavior. In this paper we examine the intensification of search interest for the terms “depression” and “suicide” in Google search engine with regard to the time of day and day of the week in Poland, Germany, Great Britain and Italy. The goal of the study was to determine if there are any days of the week or hours when search for “suicide” and “depression” particularly increases. Numerous studies focusing not only on the seasonality of suicidal behavior, but also on the days of the week and hours, indicate that it is most often undertaken on Mondays in the night and early morning hours. The results of the research being the basis of this paper show a certain time coincidence: first, the increase in search interest for “suicide” and “depression” and then undertaking suicidal behavior (suicide and suicide attempts). Searching for terms “suicide” and “depression” usually took place (except in Italy) at weekends and most often in the late evening hours and at night. The conclusions from the research can be used in suicide prevention activities, for example in determining the hours of operation of individual helpline numbers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Triggers of Suicidal Ideation: Multidisciplinary Approach)
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9 pages, 2034 KiB  
Communication
Gap between the Scientificization and Utilization of Korean Medicine for Depressive Disorder in South Korea with the Highest Suicide Rate among OECD Countries
by Chan-Young Kwon
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(23), 7022; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11237022 - 28 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1344
Abstract
In South Korea, with the highest suicide rate among Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries, doctors of both Korean medicine (KM) and Western medicine (WM) are licensed in the national healthcare system. The beneficial effects of complementary and integrative medicine, including KM, [...] Read more.
In South Korea, with the highest suicide rate among Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries, doctors of both Korean medicine (KM) and Western medicine (WM) are licensed in the national healthcare system. The beneficial effects of complementary and integrative medicine, including KM, for depressive disorders, a major cause of suicide, have been reported in some clinical studies. Longitudinal change (2012–2021) of KM and WM use for depressive disorders and the attempts to scientificize KM in the context of depressive disorders were investigated. Specifically, clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and national R&D projects of KM in the treatment of depressive disorders were investigated. The use of KM treatment for patients with a depressive disorder appears to be gradually decreasing in South Korea (annual number of patients in 2012 and 2021: 3607 and 2151 (−40.37%)), while the use of WM treatment is increasing (662,947 and 989,909 (+49.32%)). With the support of the government, KM CPG for depressive disorders and some R&D projects on KM for depressive disorders are being implemented. Our findings highlight the gap between the accumulation of clinical evidence, or the government’s efforts to promote the evidence-based use of KM for depressive disorders, and its practical use in South Korea. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Triggers of Suicidal Ideation: Multidisciplinary Approach)
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14 pages, 468 KiB  
Article
Suicidal Ideation in Major Depressed Individuals: Role of Type D Personality
by Mokhtar Abdelhakim Laoufi, Benjamin Wacquier, Tristan Lartigolle, Gwenolé Loas and Matthieu Hein
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(22), 6611; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226611 - 08 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1333
Abstract
Major depressed individuals are a subpopulation at high-risk of suicide. However, despite the evidence for a particular relationship between suicidal ideation (SI) and type D personality, few studies have investigated the role played by this personality structure in the occurrence of SI in [...] Read more.
Major depressed individuals are a subpopulation at high-risk of suicide. However, despite the evidence for a particular relationship between suicidal ideation (SI) and type D personality, few studies have investigated the role played by this personality structure in the occurrence of SI in major depressed individuals. Data from 318 major depressed individuals recruited from the clinical database of the Sleep Laboratory were analysed. Suicidal ideation was considered present if the score in item 9 of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was ≥1 and/or if they were highlighted during the systematic psychiatric assessment conducted on admission to the Sleep Laboratory. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk of SI associated with type D personality in major depressed individuals. The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 38.4% in our sample of major depressed individuals. After adjusting for major confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that type D personality was a risk factor for SI in major depressed individuals. Thus, given the potential role played by type D personality in the occurrence of SI in major depressed individuals, it seems necessary to more systematically research and adequately manage this personality structure to allow for a better prevention of suicidal behaviours in this subpopulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Triggers of Suicidal Ideation: Multidisciplinary Approach)
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