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Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatitis
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Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatitis

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Gastroenterology & Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 7870

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Wei Huang

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Guest Editor
West China Pancreatitis Centre for Excellence, Institute of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
Interests: clinical, basic, and translational research in pancreatitis; especially hypertriglyceridemia-associated acute pancreatitis
Prof. Dr. Vikesh K. Singh

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Interests: abdominal pain; clinical gastroenterology; colon polyps; digestive disorders; endoscopic ultrasound; gallbladder diseases; gallstones; gastric cancer; gastroenterology; pancreatic auto islet transplant; pancreatic cancer; pancreatitis; stomach cancer; stomach pain; stomach ulcer; therapeutic endoscopy
Dr. Wenbin Zou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy Center, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 810001, China
Interests: molecular, genetic and clinical research into chronic pancreatitis
Dr. Peter Szatmary

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Liverpool Pancreatitis Research Group, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L3 5UZ, UK
Interests: acute pancreatitis; neutrophils; innate immunity; gastroenterology; trauma surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As one of the leading acute gastrointestinal diseases, pancreatitis has a significant, negative impact on patients’ lives and also causes a significant social–economic burden; sadly, its incidence is rising steadily. An inflamed pancreas could also cause the release of inflammatory cells and cellular damage products that may harm the lungs, kidneys, and heart. The source of pain in pancreatitis is complex and multifactorial, with the relative contribution of different factors varying from patient to patient.

This requires clinicians to optimize the general management of these patients by offering new approached to pain relief and treatment of complications. Our Special Issue, “Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatitis”, welcomes original contributions focusing on new ideas on clinical management of acute pancreatitis, recurrent pancreatitis, and chronic pancreatitis. We hope that our work could help to provide better treatment for the patients.

Prof. Dr. Wei Huang
Prof. Dr. Vikesh K. Singh
Dr. Wenbin Zou
Dr. Peter Szatmary
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • acute pancreatitis
  • chronic pancreatitis
  • pain
  • severity assessment
  • clinical management

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 6564 KiB  
Article
Autoimmune Pancreatitis Type 1 with Biliary, Nasal, Testicular, and Pulmonary Involvement: A Case Report and a Systematic Review
by Mourad Kourie, Darko Bogdanovic, Kamran Mahmutyazicioglu, Sam Ghazi, Nikola Panic, Eva Fjellgren, Laila Hellkvist, Tomas Thiel, Anders Kjellman, Nikolaos Kartalis, Olof Danielsson, Lara Dani, J.-Matthias Löhr and Miroslav Vujasinovic
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(19), 6340; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12196340 - 03 Oct 2023
Viewed by 854
Abstract
Introduction: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated condition associated with fibroinflammatory lesions that can occur at almost any anatomical site. It often presents as a multiorgan disease that may mimic malignancy, infection, or other immune-mediated conditions. Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) type 1 is [...] Read more.
Introduction: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated condition associated with fibroinflammatory lesions that can occur at almost any anatomical site. It often presents as a multiorgan disease that may mimic malignancy, infection, or other immune-mediated conditions. Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) type 1 is the most prominent manifestation of IgG4-RD in the digestive tract, with common extra-pancreatic inflammation. We present the first patient with AIP and involvement of the testicles and nasal cavity. Patient and methods: A case of a patient with AIP type 1 and other organ involvement (bile ducts, testicles, nasal polyps, and lungs) is described. Additionally, a systematic review of AIP type 1 with testicular and nasal involvement was conducted. Results: The systematic review found two cases of AIP type 1 with testicular involvement and 143 cases with AIP type 1 with nasal cavity involvement. None of them had both testicular and nasal involvement. Conclusions: This is the first case of AIP type 1 with other organ involvement, including testicular and nasal involvement, to be described. The number of patients with nasal and testicular involvement described in the literature is low. Creating awareness of this rare clinical condition is necessary, especially due to the very effective available treatment with corticosteroids and rituximab. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatitis)
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11 pages, 445 KiB  
Article
Alcohol Consumption within 48 hours before Onset Is Associated with Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Hypertriglyceridemic Pancreatitis
by Tianming Lai, Yin Zhu, Nonghua Lu and Wenhua He
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(7), 2566; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12072566 - 29 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1235
Abstract
(1) Background: Some patients with hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (HTGP) drink occasionally or moderately, but do not meet the diagnostic criteria for alcoholic pancreatitis. This study aims to investigate whether occasional or moderate alcohol consumption affects the clinical outcomes of patients with HTGP. (2) Methods: [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Some patients with hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis (HTGP) drink occasionally or moderately, but do not meet the diagnostic criteria for alcoholic pancreatitis. This study aims to investigate whether occasional or moderate alcohol consumption affects the clinical outcomes of patients with HTGP. (2) Methods: This retrospective study included 373 patients with HTGP from January 2007 to December 2021. HTGP patients with occasional or moderate alcohol (OMA) consumption before onset were divided into the OMA group, and HTGP patients without alcohol (WA) consumption were divided into the WA group. The OMA group was further divided into two groups: the drinking within 48 h before onset (DW) group, and the without drinking within 48 h before onset (WDW) group. The clinical data of the two groups were compared and multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze independent risk factors for the primary outcomes. (3) Results: The proportion of men (95.7% vs. 67.6%, p < 0.001) and smoking history (61.7% vs. 15.1%, p < 0.001) in the OMA group were higher than those in the WA group. Occasional or moderate alcohol consumption was independently associated with a high incidence of SAP (adjusted odds ratio (AdjOR), 1.57; 95% CI, 1.02–2.41; p = 0.041), and necrotizing pancreatitis (AdjOR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.04–2.48; p = 0.034). After dividing the OMA group into two subgroups, we found that drinking within 48 h before onset was independently associated with a high incidence of SAP (AdjOR, 3.09; 95% CI, 1.66–5.77; p < 0.001), and necrotizing pancreatitis (AdjOR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.46–5.05; p = 0.002). (4) Conclusion: Occasional or moderate alcohol consumption is associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with HTGP, particularly if they drank alcohol within 48 h before the onset of the disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatitis)
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16 pages, 3315 KiB  
Article
CD177 Inhibits Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation and Protects against Acute Pancreatitis in Mice
by Junxian Zhang, Xin Yang, Xingmeng Xu, Qinhao Shen, Fei Han, Qingtian Zhu, Keyan Wu, Aidong Gu, Dong Wu and Weiming Xiao
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(7), 2533; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12072533 - 27 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1952
Abstract
The inflammatory immune response mediated by neutrophils is closely related to the progression of acute pancreatitis. Previous studies confirmed that CD177 is a neutrophil-specific marker involved in the pathogenesis of conditions such as systemic vasculitis, asthma, and polycythemia vera. Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) [...] Read more.
The inflammatory immune response mediated by neutrophils is closely related to the progression of acute pancreatitis. Previous studies confirmed that CD177 is a neutrophil-specific marker involved in the pathogenesis of conditions such as systemic vasculitis, asthma, and polycythemia vera. Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation is a specific death program by which neutrophils release nuclear DNA covered with histones, granule proteins, etc. It also plays an important role in host defense and various pathological reactions. However, the function of CD177 in regulating the generation of NETs and the development of acute pancreatitis (AP) is unclear. In our manuscript, CD177 was significantly elevated in blood neutrophils in patients and positively correlated with the AP disease severity. Then, recombinant human CD177 protein (rhCD177) could significantly improve pancreatic injury and the inflammatory response in AP mice, and reduce AP-related lung injury. Mechanistically, we found that rhCD177 could inhibit the formation of NETs by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and myeloperoxidase (MPO)/citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) release. For the first time, we discovered the potential of rhCD177 to protect AP in mice and inhibit the NET formation of AP. CD177 may be a potential treatment strategy for preventing or inhibiting the aggravation of AP. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatitis)
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Review

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23 pages, 2157 KiB  
Review
Relationship between Cholesterol-Related Lipids and Severe Acute Pancreatitis: From Bench to Bedside
by Xiaoying Zhou, Shengchun Jin, Jingyi Pan, Qingyi Lin, Shaopeng Yang, Yajing Lu, Minhao Qiu, Peter C. Ambe, Zarrin Basharat, Vincent Zimmer, Wei Wang and Wandong Hong
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(5), 1729; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12051729 - 21 Feb 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3287
Abstract
It is well known that hypercholesterolemia in the body has pro-inflammatory effects through the formation of inflammasomes and augmentation of TLR (Toll-like receptor) signaling, which gives rise to cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the interaction between cholesterol-related lipids and acute pancreatitis (AP) [...] Read more.
It is well known that hypercholesterolemia in the body has pro-inflammatory effects through the formation of inflammasomes and augmentation of TLR (Toll-like receptor) signaling, which gives rise to cardiovascular disease and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the interaction between cholesterol-related lipids and acute pancreatitis (AP) has not yet been summarized before. This hinders the consensus on the existence and clinical importance of cholesterol-associated AP. This review focuses on the possible interaction between AP and cholesterol-related lipids, which include total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein (Apo) A1, from the bench to the bedside. With a higher serum level of total cholesterol, LDL-C is associated with the severity of AP, while the persistent inflammation of AP is allied with a decrease in serum levels of cholesterol-related lipids. Therefore, an interaction between cholesterol-related lipids and AP is postulated. Cholesterol-related lipids should be recommended as risk factors and early predictors for measuring the severity of AP. Cholesterol-lowering drugs may play a role in the treatment and prevention of AP with hypercholesterolemia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatitis)
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