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Current Topics in Endodontics
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Current Topics in Endodontics

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 July 2024 | Viewed by 12814

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Federico Foschi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Endodontology, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
Interests: endodontics; restorative; endodontics outcome; microbiology; dental education
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Following the success of “Root Canal Treatment (RCT): Latest Advances and Prospects,” I am delighted to announce this Special Issue of the Journal of Clinical Medicine, “Current Topics in Endodontics”. As Guest Editor, I invite original scientific manuscripts to be assessed and reviewed by our expert peer reviewers.

The Journal of Clinical Medicine can provide great visibility for your scientific endeavours with a sustained Impact Factor throughout the years. A broad spectrum of topics will be considered: from the current diagnostic conundrums, with the forever-changing reclassification of pulpitis, to minimally invasive approaches that should be objectively assessed to consider whether they are significant to the outcome. The current trend is to pass the concept of Endodontics as an uber-specialised branch of dentistry where clinician skill is considered more relevant than overarching biological principles to achieve a successful outcome.

This Special Issue will highlight how the biological foundations of Endodontics are still at the forefront of reproducible clinical Endodontics. All levels of evidence are welcome to support these findings; in vitro research, retrospective clinical studies, randomised controlled trials, and systematic reviews with meta-analysis are welcome. Thank you for contributing to the success of this Special Issue and the previous one.

Prof. Dr. Federico Foschi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 846 KiB  
Article
Microleakage of Restorative Materials Used for Temporization of Endodontic Access Cavities
by Sabina Noreen Wuersching, Luise Moser, Katharina Theresa Obermeier and Maximilian Kollmuss
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(14), 4762; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144762 - 18 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1478
Abstract
A tight temporary seal applied to an access cavity is thought to improve endodontic outcomes. This study aims to assess the bacterial and glucose microleakage of different types and combinations of temporary restorations. Human-extracted incisors were instrumented, dressed with a calcium hydroxide paste, [...] Read more.
A tight temporary seal applied to an access cavity is thought to improve endodontic outcomes. This study aims to assess the bacterial and glucose microleakage of different types and combinations of temporary restorations. Human-extracted incisors were instrumented, dressed with a calcium hydroxide paste, and sealed with Cavit W (CW), CW/Ketac Molar (CW/KM), CW/Smart Dentin Replacement (CW/SDR), Intermediate restorative material/KM (IRM/KM), or Clip F (CF). Standardized 3D-printed hollow test specimens were manufactured and temporized in the same manner. The specimens were examined for bacterial and glucose leakage for 28 days. Data were analyzed using a Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. CW/SDR and CF showed the least bacterial and glucose leakage over time. CW, CW/KM, and IRM/KM had similarly high levels of glucose leakage, but CW/KM and IRM/KM provided a tighter seal against bacterial penetration than CW. CW/SDR and CF should be considered for the sealing of access cavities of teeth previously restored with methacrylate-based materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Topics in Endodontics)
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9 pages, 814 KiB  
Article
A Cone Beam CT Study on the Correlation between Crestal Bone Loss and Periapical Disease
by Sari A. Mahasneh, Abeer Al-Hadidi, Fouad Kadim Wahab, Faleh A. Sawair, Mohammad Abdalla AL-Rabab’ah, Sarah Al-Nazer, Yara Bakain, Cosimo Nardi and Joanne Cunliffe
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(6), 2423; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12062423 - 21 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1576
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether the degree of bone loss around teeth can be linked to the loss of vitality of adjacent teeth and periapical disease, which necessitates root canal treatments. Three hundred and twenty-one full maxilla cone-beam computed [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to determine whether the degree of bone loss around teeth can be linked to the loss of vitality of adjacent teeth and periapical disease, which necessitates root canal treatments. Three hundred and twenty-one full maxilla cone-beam computed tomography scans were examined. The parameters investigated included the degree of crestal bone loss in relation to the cementoenamel junction, the presence/absence of apical periodontitis, and the presence/absence of root canal treatments. Out of the 2001 teeth examined, 696 (34.8%) showed evidence of crestal bone loss. The degree of crestal bone loss was classified as mild, moderate, or severe. A significant association (p < 0.001) was found between the presence of crestal bone loss around a tooth and root canal treatment of that tooth. It was found that it is more likely for teeth with crestal bone loss to be root canal treated compared to teeth with existing root canal treatment and healthy crestal bone levels. Furthermore, teeth with buccal or lingual crestal bone loss were significantly associated with a higher rate of periapical disease than teeth without crestal bone loss (p < 0.001). CBCT identified the severity of bone loss on all surfaces of the teeth, and the most common presentation was bone loss to the mid-root level. Teeth with crestal bone loss were significantly more likely to be associated with a higher rate of periapical disease. Teeth with crestal bone loss were more likely to be root treated than teeth with healthy crestal bone levels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Topics in Endodontics)
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11 pages, 1084 KiB  
Article
Influence of Coronal Flaring on the Shaping Ability of Two Heat-Treated Nickel-Titanium Endodontic Files: A Micro-Computed Tomographic Study
by Nadine Hawi, Eugenio Pedullà, Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa, Gianluca Conte, Walid Nehme and Prasanna Neelakantan
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(1), 357; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12010357 - 02 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3470
Abstract
Nickel-titanium (NiTi) usage is associated in endodontics with some complications including canal transportation. Centering ability of a NiTi file is the ability to stay centered in the root canal system during instrumentation. Any undesirable deviation from the natural canal path is indicated as [...] Read more.
Nickel-titanium (NiTi) usage is associated in endodontics with some complications including canal transportation. Centering ability of a NiTi file is the ability to stay centered in the root canal system during instrumentation. Any undesirable deviation from the natural canal path is indicated as canal transportation. A possible strategy to improve the centering ability of NiTi instruments is the pre-enlargement of the coronal third of the root canal to minimize coronal interferences. This procedure is known as coronal flaring. The aim of this study was to perform a micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) evaluation of the effect of coronal flaring on canal transportation and centering ability of two heat treated nickel-titanium rotary instruments, 2Shape (Micro Mega, Besançon, France) and HyFlex CM (Coltène Whaledent, Altstätten, Switzerland). Thirty extracted mandibular molars with two independent mesial canals were selected and randomly instrumented (n = 15 canals) with One Flare (Micro Mega, Besançon, France) before HyFlex CM, HyFlex CM (without coronal flaring), One Flare before 2Shape and 2Shape (without coronal flaring). One Flare (Micro Mega, Besançon, France) was introduced 4 mm below the canal entrance for canals prepared with coronal flaring. HyFlex CM and 2Shape were used accordingly to manufacturers’ instructions. New files were used for each canal. During and after instrumentation, irrigation procedures were performed. Micro-CT images were obtained pre- and post-preparation to measure and record root canal transportation and centralization. They were reconstructed from root apex to canal orifices, generating approximately 1000 sections per specimen. The anatomical thirds were determined by dividing the number of cross-sectional slices by three. Root canal transportation and centralization were determined by Gambil method, and the mean values were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance followed by multiple comparisons of Bonferroni to compare the different instrumentations procedures and the root thirds (p < 0.05). As for root canal transportation, 2Shape reported significantly higher values compared to HyFlex CM in the cervical region independently from the coronal flaring. In the apical region, 2Shape caused significantly minor canal transportation when used with coronal flaring with compared with the absence of coronal flaring. Regarding the centralization, HyFlex CM showed higher values than 2Shape in the cervical, independently from coronal flaring. In the apical region, 2Shape with coronal flaring exhibited significant major centering ratio, compared with not. Within the limitations of this study, coronal flaring reduced canal transportation and improved centralization of the 2Shape files in the apical section while it had no significant influence on shaping ability of the HyFlex CM instruments. Coronal flaring could represent a valid strategy to improve the shaping ability of NiTi files knowing that its benefit could be influenced by the shaping file used. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Topics in Endodontics)
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9 pages, 2355 KiB  
Article
Compressive Strength and Porosity Evaluation of Innovative Bidirectional Spiral Winding Fiber Reinforced Composites
by Naji Kharouf, Salvatore Sauro, Louis Hardan, Hamdi Jmal, Gulbahar Bachagha, Valentina Macaluso, Frédéric Addiego, Francesco Inchingolo, Youssef Haikel and Davide Mancino
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(22), 6754; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226754 - 15 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1285
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the compressive strength and the bulk porosity of a bidirectional (bFRC) and an experimental bidirectional spiral winding reinforced fiber composite (bswFRC). Cylindrical-shape specimens were prepared for each material group and processed for the [...] Read more.
The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the compressive strength and the bulk porosity of a bidirectional (bFRC) and an experimental bidirectional spiral winding reinforced fiber composite (bswFRC). Cylindrical-shape specimens were prepared for each material group and processed for the evaluation of compressive strength after different storage conditions (dry, 1 and 3 months) in distilled water at 37 °C. The specimens were also assessed for the degree of bulk porosity through X-ray tomography. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to determine the fracture mode after a compressive strength test. Data were statistically analyzed using Two-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). A significantly lower compressive strength was obtained in dry conditions, and after 1 month of water immersion, with the specimens created with bFRC compared to those made with bswFRC (p < 0.05). No significant difference (p > 0.05) was found between the two groups after 3 months of water immersion. However, the presence of water jeopardized significantly the compressive strength of bswFRC after water storage. The type of fracture was clearly different between the two groups; bswFRC showed a brutal fracture, whilst bFRC demonstrated a shear fracture. The bswFRC demonstrated higher pore volume density than bFRC. In conclusion, bswFRC is characterized by greater compressive strength compared to bFRC in dry conditions, but water-aging can significantly decrease the mechanical properties of such an innovative FRC. Therefore, both the novel bidirectional spiral winding reinforced fiber composites (bswFRC) and the bidirectional fiber reinforced composites (bFRC) might represent suitable materials for the production of post-and-core systems via CAD/CAM technology. These findings suggest that both FRC materials have the potential to strengthen the endodontically treated teeth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Topics in Endodontics)
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Review

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22 pages, 1122 KiB  
Review
The Limitations of Periapical X-ray Assessment in Endodontic Diagnosis—A Systematic Review
by Alexandru Gliga, Marina Imre, Simone Grandini, Crystal Marruganti, Carlo Gaeta, Dana Bodnar, Bogdan Alexandru Dimitriu and Federico Foschi
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(14), 4647; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12144647 - 12 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3683
Abstract
Diagnosis is a key aspect in endodontic treatment, in a decade where invasive interventions are misapprehended as social tendency instead of medical necessity. All diagnostic facets should be considered before intending the operative phase. Intraoral endodontic radiology-based diagnosis has been shown to be [...] Read more.
Diagnosis is a key aspect in endodontic treatment, in a decade where invasive interventions are misapprehended as social tendency instead of medical necessity. All diagnostic facets should be considered before intending the operative phase. Intraoral endodontic radiology-based diagnosis has been shown to be limited. Periapical X-ray is the most used endodontic imaging, yet it does not provide high accuracy. Traditionally, dentists have been trained to diagnose a cyst by certain aspects (size, shape and appearance); hence, an assumption that teeth are affected by “periapical cyst” were subjected to unnecessary extraction or apicoectomy. The aim of this systematic review is to critically appraise the publications that relate the histological diagnosis of a periapical lesion (considered the gold standard) to intraoral X-ray investigation. Ovid Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Mendeley and Scopus were searched for English-language studies comparing periapical diagnosis obtained by using two techniques (histopathology and X-ray). Sixteen articles were included for the final analysis (qualitative and quantitative evaluation) out of which only two supported the statement that periapical diagnosis can be coherently assessed through periapical imaging. Although there is not enough evidence to deliver a definitive conclusion, there are many publications that refute the diagnosis of a cyst via periapical X-ray. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Topics in Endodontics)
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