Role of Cardiovascular Imaging in Heart Failure

A special issue of Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (ISSN 2308-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Imaging".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2024 | Viewed by 5661

Special Issue Editor

1. Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
2. Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
Interests: multimodality cardiac imaging; heart-brain interactions; cardioneurology; cardiomyopathies

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We have all witnessed first-hand the poor outcomes patients with heart failure and cardiomyopathies may have. There is an urgent need to develop new treatment strategies to retard the development and progression of heart failure. Cardiac imaging plays a central role in this endeavor. Cardiac imaging is key in obtaining an appropriate diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, monitoring treatment effects, and prognostication of outcomes. This Special Issue will highlight the pivotal role of cardiovascular imaging in the diagnosis and management of patients with heart failure and cardiomyopathies. I hope our patients can benefit from the knowledge that is shared.

Dr. Ching-Hui Sia
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • echocardiography
  • cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
  • computed tomography
  • nuclear imaging
  • multimodality
  • cardiomyopathy
  • heart failure
  • myocardium

Published Papers (3 papers)

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12 pages, 512 KiB  
Article
Potential Prognostic Relevance of Left-Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain and of the Summation of the Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation Volume in Patients with Non-Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
by Karolina Mėlinytė-Ankudavičė, Eglė Ereminienė, Vaida Mizarienė, Gintarė Šakalytė, Jurgita Plisienė and Renaldas Jurkevičius
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10(10), 410; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10100410 - 27 Sep 2023
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Abstract
Background: The aim of this pilot study was to determine the potential prognostic relevance of novel multidirectional myocardial and volumetric echocardiographic parameters in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM). Methods: Multidirectional myocardial parameters (longitudinal, radial, and circumferential left-ventricular (LV) strain using speckle tracking [...] Read more.
Background: The aim of this pilot study was to determine the potential prognostic relevance of novel multidirectional myocardial and volumetric echocardiographic parameters in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM). Methods: Multidirectional myocardial parameters (longitudinal, radial, and circumferential left-ventricular (LV) strain using speckle tracking echocardiography) and a new volumetric parameter (the sum of the mitral and tricuspid regurgitation volume (mitral–tricuspid regurgitation volume) were assessed. The cardiovascular (CV) outcome was a composite of cardiac death and hospitalization for heart failure (HF) at 1 year. Results: Approximately 102 patients were included in this pilot study. The mean LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was 28.4 ± 8.9%. During a follow-up of 1 year, the CV outcome occurred in 39 patients (10 HF deaths, and 36 hospitalizations for HF). The LV global longitudinal systolic strain (GLS) and mitral–tricuspid regurgitation volume were the main parameters that were seen to be significantly altered in the comparison of patients with events vs. those without events (GLS (absolute values) 7.4 ± 2.7% vs. 10.3 ± 2.6%; mitral–tricuspid regurgitation volume 61.1 ± 20.4 mL vs. 40.9 ± 22.9 mL, respectively; p-value < 0.01). In line with these findings, in a multivariate continuous logistic regression analysis, the GLS and mitral–tricuspid regurgitation volume were the main parameters associated with worse CV outcomes (GLS: OR 0.77 (95%CI 0.65–0.92); mitral–tricuspid regurgitation volume OR 1.09 (95%CI 1.01–1.25)), whereas the radial and circumferential LV global strain and mitral regurgitation volume and tricuspid regurgitation volume were not linked to the CV outcome. Furthermore, in a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a GLS cutoff of <7.5% and mitral–tricuspid regurgitation volume > 60 mL were the identified values for the parameters associated with worse CV outcomes. Conclusions: The findings of this pilot study suggest that the GLS and a novel volumetric parameter (the sum of the mitral and tricuspid regurgitation volume) are linked to worse CV outcomes in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. Hence, these promising results warrant further validation in larger studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Cardiovascular Imaging in Heart Failure)
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13 pages, 2512 KiB  
Systematic Review
Quantitative SPECT/CT Parameters in the Assessment of Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis—A New Dimension of Molecular Imaging
by Mirela Gherghe, Alexandra Maria Lazar, Maria-Carla Sterea, Paula Monica Spiridon, Natalia Motas, Laurentia Nicoleta Gales, Daniel Coriu, Sorina Nicoleta Badelita and Mario-Demian Mutuleanu
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10(6), 242; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10060242 - 31 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2815
Abstract
Aims: Cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) represents the accumulation of misfolded transthyretin in the heart interstitium. Planar scintigraphy with bone-seeking tracers has long been established as one of the three main steps in the non-invasive diagnosis of ATTR, but lately, single-photon emission computed tomography [...] Read more.
Aims: Cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) represents the accumulation of misfolded transthyretin in the heart interstitium. Planar scintigraphy with bone-seeking tracers has long been established as one of the three main steps in the non-invasive diagnosis of ATTR, but lately, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has gained wide recognition for its abilities to exclude false positive results and offer a possibility for amyloid burden quantitation. We performed a systematic review of the existing literature to provide an overview of the available SPECT-based parameters and their diagnostic performances in the assessment of cardiac ATTR. Methods and Methods: Among the 43 papers initially identified, 27 articles were screened for eligibility and 10 met the inclusion criteria. We summarised the available literature based on radiotracer, SPECT acquisition protocol, analysed parameters and their correlation to planar semi-quantitative indices. Results: Ten articles provided accurate details about SPECT-derived parameters in cardiac ATTR and their diagnostic potential. Five studies performed phantom studies for accurate calibration of the gamma cameras. All papers described good correlation of quantitative parameters to the Perugini grading system. Conclusions: Despite little published literature on quantitative SPECT in the assessment of cardiac ATTR, this method offers good prospects in the appraisal of cardiac amyloid burden and treatment monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Cardiovascular Imaging in Heart Failure)
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13 pages, 1500 KiB  
Brief Report
Importance of Tissue Doppler Evaluation in Dilated Cardiomyopathy: The Value of Diastolic Filling Pattern as a Prognostic Predictor
by Luminita Iliuță, Andreea Gabriella Andronesi, Marius Rac-Albu, Mădălina-Elena Rac-Albu, Alexandru Scafa-Udriște, Horațiu Moldovan, Florentina Ligia Furtunescu, Bogdan Constantin Rădulescu and Eugenia Panaitescu
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10(6), 237; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10060237 - 28 May 2023
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Abstract
(1) Background: The presence of restrictive left ventricular diastolic filling pattern (LVDFP) is associated with an unfavorable prognosis in many cardiac diseases, but few data are available on the prognostic implications of this pattern in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We aimed to [...] Read more.
(1) Background: The presence of restrictive left ventricular diastolic filling pattern (LVDFP) is associated with an unfavorable prognosis in many cardiac diseases, but few data are available on the prognostic implications of this pattern in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We aimed to establish the main prognostic predictors at the 1- and 5-year follow-ups in DCM patients and the value of restrictive LVDFP in increasing morbidity and mortality. (2) Methods: A prospective study of 143 patients with DCM divided in non-restrictive LVDFP group (95 patients) and restrictive group (47 patients). The patients were evaluated at a 5-year follow-up through an in-patient visit during the pre-pandemic period and hybrid methods (face-to-face, teleconsultation and home monitoring with a telemedicine application) during the pandemic period. Statistical analysis compared the two groups in terms of NYHA class, quality of life, hospitalizations/emergency department (ED) visits due to HF exacerbation and total mortality. (3) Results: The mortality rate in the restrictive group was markedly higher than that in the non-restrictive group at 1 year (17.02% vs. 10.59%, respectively, p < 0.05) and at 5 years (68.08% vs. 50.53%, p < 0.05). In the restrictive group, hospitalizations/ED visits due to HF decompensations at 1 year were significantly higher (85.11% vs. 57.89%, p < 0.05), with hospitalizations for ventricular arrhythmia being almost three times higher (21.28% vs. 7.37%, respectively, p < 0.05). The percentage of patients with a favorable evolution (in terms of NYHA class and quality of life) at the 1- and 5-year follow-ups were higher in the non-restrictive LVDFP group. The main prognostic predictors in patients with DCM at the 1-year follow-up were: restrictive LVDFP, age > 75 years, markedly dilated LV, comorbidities (DM, COPD), 2nd-degree mitral regurgitation and severe pulmonary hypertension (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: At the 1- and 5-year follow-ups, the presence of the restrictive LVDFP in DCM patients was independently associated with a poor prognosis, being the best clinical predictor for unfavorable evolution, after adjustment for other well-established predictive parameters in DCM patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Cardiovascular Imaging in Heart Failure)
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