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Advanced Diagnostic Imaging for Cardiovascular Disease
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Advanced Diagnostic Imaging for Cardiovascular Disease

A special issue of Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (ISSN 2308-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Imaging".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 6080

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Csaba Csobay-Novák

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: aortic interventions; endovascular therapy; vascular imaging
Dr. Bálint Szilveszter

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Heart and Vascular Center, MTA-SE Cardiovascular Imaging Research Group, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: cardiac computed tomography; cardiac imaging; coronary artery disease

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advanced diagnostic imaging plays a crucial role in the detection and management of cardiovascular disease. Techniques such as computed tomography (CT) angiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasound (US) have greatly improved the accuracy of the diagnosis and assessment of cardiovascular conditions. CT angiography provides high-resolution images of the blood vessels and can detect coronary artery disease and stenosis. MRI is useful in evaluating the function and structure of the heart, and can detect abnormalities such as heart disease and heart muscle damage. The use of these imaging techniques has led to earlier diagnosis and improved treatment planning for patients with cardiovascular disease, and has significantly contributed to the improvement of patient outcomes.

The aim of this Special Issue is to bring together current research and developments in the field of diagnostic imaging for cardiovascular disease. This Special Issue will include original research articles, review articles, and communications that highlight the significance and potential of advanced diagnostic imaging for improving patient care. The aim is to inform the medical community about the latest advancements and to promote collaboration and exchange of ideas among researchers, clinicians, and other healthcare professionals to improve the diagnosis, treatment, and management of cardiovascular disease.

Dr. Csaba Csobay-Novák
Dr. Bálint Szilveszter
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiac imaging
  • vascular imaging
  • computed tomography
  • magnetic resonance
  • ultrasound
  • echocardiography
  • cardiovascular

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 16692 KiB  
Article
Recognition of Supraventricular Arrhythmias in Holter ECG Recordings by ECHOView Color Map: A Case Series Study
by Stefan Naydenov, Irena Jekova and Vessela Krasteva
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10(9), 360; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10090360 - 24 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1934
Abstract
Ambulatory 24–72 h Holter ECG monitoring is recommended for patients with suspected arrhythmias, which are often transitory and might remain unseen in resting standard 12-lead ECG. Holter manufacturers provide software diagnostic tools to assist clinicians in evaluating these large amounts of data. Nevertheless, [...] Read more.
Ambulatory 24–72 h Holter ECG monitoring is recommended for patients with suspected arrhythmias, which are often transitory and might remain unseen in resting standard 12-lead ECG. Holter manufacturers provide software diagnostic tools to assist clinicians in evaluating these large amounts of data. Nevertheless, the identification of short arrhythmia events and differentiation of the arrhythmia type might be a problem in limited Holter ECG leads. This observational clinical study aims to explore a novel and weakly investigated ECG modality integrated into a commercial diagnostic tool ECHOView (medilog DARWIN 2, Schiller AG, Switzerland), while used for the interpretation of long-term Holter-ECG records by a cardiologist. The ECHOView transformation maps the beat waveform amplitude to a color-coded bar. One ECHOView page integrates stacked color bars of about 1740 sequential beats aligned by R-peak in a window (R ± 750 ms). The collected 3-lead Holter ECG recordings from 86 patients had a valid duration of 21 h 20 min (19 h 30 min–22 h 45 min), median (quartile range). The ECG rhythm was reviewed with 3491 (3192–3723) standard-grid ECG pages and a substantially few number of 51 (44–59) ECHOView pages that validated the ECHOView compression ratio of 67 (59–74) times. Comments on the ECG rhythm and ECHOView characteristic patterns are provided for 14 examples representative of the most common rhythm disorders seen in our population, including supraventricular arrhythmias (supraventricular extrasystoles, paroxysmal supraventricular arrhythmia, sinus tachycardia, supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, and flutter) and ventricular arrhythmias (ventricular extrasystoles, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia). In summary, the ECHOView color map transforms the ECG modality into a novel diagnostic image of the patient’s rhythm that is comprehensively interpreted by a cardiologist. ECHOView has the potential to facilitate the manual overview of Holter ECG recordings, to visually identify short-term arrhythmia episodes, and to refine the diagnosis, especially in high-rate arrhythmias. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Diagnostic Imaging for Cardiovascular Disease)
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12 pages, 1545 KiB  
Article
A Propensity-Matched Comparison of Ischemic Brain Lesions on Postprocedural MRI in Endovascular versus Open Carotid Artery Reconstruction
by Zsuzsanna Mihály, Samuel Booth, Dat Tin Nguyen, Milán Vecsey-Nagy, Miklós Vértes, Zsófia Czinege, Csongor Péter, Péter Sótonyi and Andrea Varga
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10(6), 257; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10060257 - 13 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1135
Abstract
(1) Study purpose: The aim of our prospective single-center, matched case–control study was to compare the number and volume of acute ischemic brain lesions following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) versus carotid artery stenting (CAS) using a propensity-matched design. (2) Methods: Carotid bifurcation plaques were [...] Read more.
(1) Study purpose: The aim of our prospective single-center, matched case–control study was to compare the number and volume of acute ischemic brain lesions following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) versus carotid artery stenting (CAS) using a propensity-matched design. (2) Methods: Carotid bifurcation plaques were analyzed by using VascuCAP software on CT angiography (CTA) images. The number and volume of acute and chronic ischemic brain lesions were assessed on MRI scans taken 12–48 h after the procedures. Propensity score-based matching was performed at a 1:1 ratio to compare the ischemic lesions on postinterventional MR. (3) Results: A total of 107 patients (CAS, N = 33; CEA, N = 74) were included in the study. There were significant differences in smoking (p = 0.003), total calcification plaque volume (p = 0.004), and lengths of the lesion (p = 0.045) between the CAS and CEA groups. Propensity score matching resulted in 21 matched pairs of patients. Acute ischemic brain lesions were detected in ten patients (47.6%) of the matched CAS group and in three patients (14.2%) in the matched CEA group (p = 0.02). The volume of acute ischemic brain lesions was significantly larger (p = 0.04) in the CAS group than in the CEA group. New ischemic brain lesions were not associated with neurological symptoms in either group. (4) Conclusions: Procedure-related new acute ischemic brain lesions occurred significantly more frequently in the propensity-matched CAS group. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Diagnostic Imaging for Cardiovascular Disease)
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16 pages, 3924 KiB  
Article
An All-in-One Tool for 2D Atherosclerotic Disease Assessment and 3D Coronary Artery Reconstruction
by Savvas Kyriakidis, George Rigas, Vassiliki Kigka, Dimitris Zaridis, Georgia Karanasiou, Panagiota Tsompou, Gianna Karanasiou, Lampros Lakkas, Sotirios Nikopoulos, Katerina K. Naka, Lampros K. Michalis, Dimitrios I. Fotiadis and Antonis I. Sakellarios
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10(3), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10030130 - 19 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1376
Abstract
Diagnosis of coronary artery disease is mainly based on invasive imaging modalities such as X-ray angiography, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) is also used as a non-invasive imaging alternative. In this work, we present a [...] Read more.
Diagnosis of coronary artery disease is mainly based on invasive imaging modalities such as X-ray angiography, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) is also used as a non-invasive imaging alternative. In this work, we present a novel and unique tool for 3D coronary artery reconstruction and plaque characterization using the abovementioned imaging modalities or their combination. In particular, image processing and deep learning algorithms were employed and validated for the lumen and adventitia borders and plaque characterization at the IVUS and OCT frames. Strut detection is also achieved from the OCT images. Quantitative analysis of the X-ray angiography enables the 3D reconstruction of the lumen geometry and arterial centerline extraction. The fusion of the generated centerline with the results of the OCT or IVUS analysis enables hybrid coronary artery 3D reconstruction, including the plaques and the stent geometry. CTCA image processing using a 3D level set approach allows the reconstruction of the coronary arterial tree, the calcified and non-calcified plaques as well as the detection of the stent location. The modules of the tool were evaluated for efficiency with over 90% agreement of the 3D models with the manual annotations, while a usability assessment using external evaluators demonstrated high usability resulting in a mean System Usability Scale (SUS) score equal to 0.89, classifying the tool as “excellent”. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Diagnostic Imaging for Cardiovascular Disease)
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Review

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14 pages, 1824 KiB  
Review
Effect of Aging on Intraventricular Kinetic Energy and Energy Dissipation
by Donato Mele, Riccardo Beccari and Gianni Pedrizzetti
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2023, 10(7), 308; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd10070308 - 19 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1052
Abstract
In recent years, analysis of kinetic energy (KE) and the rate of kinetic energy dissipation (KED) or energy loss (EL) within the cardiac chambers, obtained by cardiac imaging techniques, has gained increasing attention. Thus, there is a need to clarify the effect of [...] Read more.
In recent years, analysis of kinetic energy (KE) and the rate of kinetic energy dissipation (KED) or energy loss (EL) within the cardiac chambers, obtained by cardiac imaging techniques, has gained increasing attention. Thus, there is a need to clarify the effect of physiological variables, specifically aging, on these energetic measures. To elucidate this aspect, we reviewed the literature on this topic. Overall, cardiac magnetic resonance and echocardiographic studies published so far indicate that aging affects the energetics of left and right intraventricular blood flow, although not all energy measures during the cardiac cycle seem to be affected by age in the same way. Current studies, however, have limitations. Additional large, multicenter investigations are needed to test the effect of physiological variables on intraventricular KE and KED/EL measures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Diagnostic Imaging for Cardiovascular Disease)
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