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Special Issue "Antibodies in Autoimmune Diseases"

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2023) | Viewed by 1098

Special Issue Editors

Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Interests: tissue culturing; hybridoma technology; monoclonal antibody production and characterization
Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, University of Pécs Medical School, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
Interests: lymphoid; animal models of autoimmunity; Immunology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In a healthy individual the immune system can distinguish between self and non-self antigens, and respond accordingly with an active immune response against external pathogens and modified self-structures, but will protect normal self-structures and establish tolerance against these. There are several components of the tolerance induction, including natural autoantibodies, regulatory T and B cells, and the selection of lymphocytes in the primary lymphoid organs.

Autoimmune diseases arise from unregulated immune responses against self-molecules. Their development is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, age and hormones. There are more than 80 types of autoimmune diseases mediated or marked by autoantibodies, which can be classified into systemic or organ-specific diseases. Pathogenic autoantibodies contribute to the disease mechanism in a number of ways, including the deposition of immune complexes, the induction of inflammation, and the stimulation or inhibition of receptor or enzyme functions, thus affecting cellular signaling or metabolism. The detection of new disease-related autoantibodies can help in the diagnosis of the disease, or can be a marker of the efficacy of the therapy. In addition, understanding the biology of autoimmunity-linked B-cell subsets and their roles through animal models may pave the way towards more efficient therapy, coupled with less-severe side effects.

This Special Issue aims to present the latest research results and new views on the cellular and molecular aspects of processes resulting in autoantibody production, autoimmune B-cell formation and their relevance to autoimmune diseases. We aim to bring together exciting new developments in this field. Both original research articles and comprehensive reviews are welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Tímea Berki
Prof. Dr. Péter Balogh
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • autoimmune diseases
  • autoantibodies
  • autoimmune B-cell
  • autoimmunity-linked B-cell subsets
  • animal models
  • cellular signaling/metabolism
  • targeted therapies

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

Article
Complexity of the Immune Response Elicited by Different COVID-19 Vaccines, in the Light of Natural Autoantibodies and Immunomodulatory Therapies
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(7), 6439; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076439 - 29 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 535
Abstract
Despite the abundance of data on the COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune activation, the impact of natural autoantibodies (nAAbs) on these processes is less well defined. Therefore, we investigated potential connections between vaccine efficacy and nAAb levels. We were also interested in the impact of [...] Read more.
Despite the abundance of data on the COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune activation, the impact of natural autoantibodies (nAAbs) on these processes is less well defined. Therefore, we investigated potential connections between vaccine efficacy and nAAb levels. We were also interested in the impact of immunomodulatory therapies on vaccine efficacy. Clinical residual samples were used for the assessment of the COVID-19 vaccine-elicited immune response (IR) (n=255), as well as for the investigation of the immunization-associated expansion of the nAAb pool (n=185). In order to study the potential interaction between immunomodulatory therapies and the vaccine-induced IR, untreated, healthy individuals and patients receiving anti-TNFα or anti-IL-17 therapies were compared (n total =45). In-house ELISAs (anticitrate synthase, anti-HSP60 and-70) and commercial ELISAs (anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISAs IgG, IgA, NeutraLISA and IFN-γ release assay ‘IGRA’) were applied. We found significant differences in the IR given to different vaccines. Moreover, nAAb levels showed plasticity in response to anti-COVID-19 immunization. We conclude that our findings may support the theorem about the non-specific beneficial ‘side effects’ of vaccination, including the broadening of the nAAb repertoire. Considering immunomodulation, we suggest that anti-TNFα and anti-IL17 treatments may interfere negatively with MALT-associated IR, manifested as decreased IgA titers; however, the modest sample numbers of the herein presented model might be a limiting factor of reaching a more comprehensive conclusion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibodies in Autoimmune Diseases)
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