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Nitric Oxide Signalling and Metabolism in Plants 2023
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Nitric Oxide Signalling and Metabolism in Plants 2023

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2024) | Viewed by 6225

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Abir U. Igamberdiev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
Interests: plant mitochondria; alternative oxidase; respiratory carbon metabolism; photorespiration; environmental and stress biology; interactions of respiration and photosynthesis; plant responses to global change; plant molecular genetics; plant epigenetics; mitochondrial stress-signaling; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; anaerobic metabolism; cellular energetics; theoretical biology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Weibiao Liao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Interests: signaling molecules (hydrogen gas, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide); plant hormones (abscisic acid, ethylene, brassinolide, gibberellin and strigolactone); abiotic stress (drought, salt and cadmium); adventitious roots; fruit ripening; cut flowers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. José M. Palma

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Spanish National Research Council, CSIC, Granada, Spain
Interests: fruit and vegetable antioxidants; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species; fruit ripening; transcriptomics; proteomics; metabolomics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nitric oxide (NO) is an unstable free-radical gas which consists of one nitrogen and one oxygen atom. An explosion of research in plant NO biology during the last two decades has revealed that it is not just as a free radical released from the toxic byproducts of oxidative metabolism but that it also helps in plant sustenance when exposed to several abiotic stresses from the beneficial role of NO in plants. It also has a role as a signal molecule and transducer that functions in numerous plant growth and development processes, ranging from seed germination to root development to blossom. Some investigations have highlighted the crosstalk of NO with other gas signal molecules as well as plant hormones, such as hydrogen gas, hydrogen sulfide, auxins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, cytokinins, ethylene, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, under normal conditions or diverse stresses. Research on NO-mediated S-nitrosylation of specific proteins and specific S-nitrosylation sites has also been carried out. This knowledge allows researchers to explain the effect and mechanism of NO in fields such as plant growth and development, abiotic stress, fruit, cut-flower, and several others.

The current Special Issue of IJMS (International Journal of Molecular Sciences) represents an excellent platform for the discussion of recent developments in this field, focusing attention on novel aspects of nitric oxide in plants from metabolism, signal pathway, and genes regulation to protein modification. Studies on fundament and molecule aspects are welcome that can synergically merge in the platform to provide a comprehensive coverage of the field.

Prof. Dr. Abir U. Igamberdiev
Prof. Dr. Weibiao Liao
Prof. Dr. José M. Palma
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • plant growth and development
  • postharvest
  • abiotic stress
  • fruit ripening
  • cut-flower
  • signal interactions
  • signal pathways
  • protein modification
  • gene regulation

Published Papers (5 papers)

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16 pages, 4319 KiB  
Article
Involvement of Nitric Oxide and Melatonin Enhances Cadmium Resistance of Tomato Seedlings through Regulation of the Ascorbate–Glutathione Cycle and ROS Metabolism
by Junrong Xu, Zhien Wei, Xuefang Lu, Yunzhi Liu, Wenjin Yu and Changxia Li
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(11), 9526; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119526 - 31 May 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1210
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) and nitric oxide (NO) act as signaling molecules that can enhance cadmium (Cd) stress resistance in plants. However, little information is available about the relationship between MT and NO during seedling growth under Cd stress. We hypothesize that NO may be [...] Read more.
Melatonin (MT) and nitric oxide (NO) act as signaling molecules that can enhance cadmium (Cd) stress resistance in plants. However, little information is available about the relationship between MT and NO during seedling growth under Cd stress. We hypothesize that NO may be involved in how MT responds to Cd stress during seedling growth. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship and mechanism of response. The results indicate that different concentrations of Cd inhibit the growth of tomato seedlings. Exogenous MT or NO promotes seedling growth under Cd stress, with a maximal biological response at 100 μM MT or NO. The promotive effects of MT-induced seedling growth under Cd stress are suppressed by NO scavenger 2-4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-imidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO), suggesting that NO may be involved in MT-induced seedling growth under Cd stress. MT or NO decreases the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malonaldehyde (MDA), dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG); improves the content of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH) and the ratios of AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG; and enhances the activities of glutathione reductase (GR), monodehydroascorbic acid reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbic acid reductase (DHAR), ascorbic acid oxidase (AAO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) to alleviate oxidative damage. Moreover, the expression of genes associated with the ascorbate–glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are up-regulated by MT or NO under Cd conditions, including AAO, AAOH, APX1, APX6, DHAR1, DHAR2, MDHAR, and GR. However, NO scavenger cPTIO reverses the positive effects regulated by MT. The results indicate that MT-mediated NO enhances Cd tolerance by regulating AsA-GSH cycle and ROS metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nitric Oxide Signalling and Metabolism in Plants 2023)
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17 pages, 11932 KiB  
Article
Nitric Oxide Induced by Ammonium/Nitrate Ratio Ameliorates Low-Light Stress in Brassica pekinesis: Regulation of Photosynthesis and Root Architecture
by Linli Hu, Xueqin Gao, Yutong Li, Jian Lyu, Xuemei Xiao, Guobin Zhang and Jihua Yu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(8), 7271; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087271 - 14 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1424
Abstract
Low-light intensity affects plant growth and development and, finally, causes a decrease in yield and quality. There is a need for improved cropping strategies to solve the problem. We previously demonstrated that moderate ammonium:nitrate ratio (NH4+:NO3−) mitigated [...] Read more.
Low-light intensity affects plant growth and development and, finally, causes a decrease in yield and quality. There is a need for improved cropping strategies to solve the problem. We previously demonstrated that moderate ammonium:nitrate ratio (NH4+:NO3−) mitigated the adverse effect caused by low-light stress, although the mechanism behind this alleviation is unclear. The hypothesis that the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) induced by moderate NH4+:NO3− (10:90) involved in regulating photosynthesis and root architecture of Brassica pekinesis subjected to low-light intensity was proposed. To prove the hypothesis, a number of hydroponic experiments were conducted. The results showed that in plants exposed to low-light intensity, the exogenous donors NO (SNP) and NH4+:NO3− (N, 10:90) treatments significantly increased leaf area, growth range, and root fresh weight compared with nitrate treatment. However, the application of hemoglobin (Hb, NO scavenger), N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, NOS inhibitor), and sodium azide (NaN3, NR inhibitor) in N solution remarkably decreased the leaf area, canopy spread, the biomass of shoot and root, the surface area, and volume and tips of the root. The application of N solution and exogenous SNP significantly enhanced Pn (Net photosynthetic rate) and rETR (relative electron transport rates) compared with solo nitrate. While all these effects of N and SNP on photosynthesis, such as Pn, Fv/Fm (maximum quantum yield of PSII), Y(II) (actual photosynthetic efficiency), qP (photochemical quenching), and rETR were reversed when the application of Hb, L-NAME, and NaN3 in N solution. The results also showed that the N and SNP treatments were more conducive to maintaining cell morphology, chloroplast structure, and a higher degree of grana stacking of low-light treated plants. Moreover, the application of N significantly increased the NOS and NR activities, and the NO levels in the leaves and roots of mini Chinese cabbage seedlings treated with N were significantly higher than those in nitrate-treated plants. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that NO synthesis induced by the appropriate ammonia–nitrate ratio (NH4+:NO3− = 10:90) was involved in the regulation of photosynthesis and root structure of Brassica pekinesis under low-light stress, effectively alleviating low-light stress and contributing to the growth of mini Chinese cabbage under low-light stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nitric Oxide Signalling and Metabolism in Plants 2023)
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14 pages, 6127 KiB  
Article
Exogenous Nitric Oxide-Induced Postharvest Gray Spot Disease Resistance in Loquat Fruit and Its Possible Mechanism of Action
by Yanfang Ren, Tengyu Yan, Chunmei Hu, Dong Liu and Junyu He
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(5), 4369; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24054369 - 22 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1045
Abstract
The effectiveness of nitric oxide (NO) for control of grey spot rot cause by Pestalotiopsis eriobotryfolia in harvested loquat fruit and its probable mechanisms have been investigated. The results showed that NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) did not evidently inhibit mycelial growth and [...] Read more.
The effectiveness of nitric oxide (NO) for control of grey spot rot cause by Pestalotiopsis eriobotryfolia in harvested loquat fruit and its probable mechanisms have been investigated. The results showed that NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) did not evidently inhibit mycelial growth and spore germination of P. eriobotryfolia, but resulted in a low disease incidence and small lesion diameter. SNP resulted in a higher hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level in the early stage after inoculation and a lower H2O2 level in the latter period by regulating the activities of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and catalase. At the same time, SNP enhanced the activities of chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, phenylalanine ammonialyase, polyphenoloxidase, and total phenolic content in loquat fruit. However, SNP treatment inhibited the activities of cell wall-modifying enzymes and the modification of cell wall components. Our results suggested that NO treatment might have potential in reducing grey spot rot of postharvest loquat fruit. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nitric Oxide Signalling and Metabolism in Plants 2023)
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16 pages, 1097 KiB  
Review
NO Is Not the Same as GSNO in the Regulation of Fe Deficiency Responses by Dicot Plants
by Francisco Javier Romera, María José García, Carlos Lucena, Macarena Angulo and Rafael Pérez-Vicente
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(16), 12617; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612617 - 09 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 965
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is abundant in soils but with a poor availability for plants, especially in calcareous soils. To favor its acquisition, plants develop morphological and physiological responses, mainly in their roots, known as Fe deficiency responses. In dicot plants, the regulation of these [...] Read more.
Iron (Fe) is abundant in soils but with a poor availability for plants, especially in calcareous soils. To favor its acquisition, plants develop morphological and physiological responses, mainly in their roots, known as Fe deficiency responses. In dicot plants, the regulation of these responses is not totally known, but some hormones and signaling molecules, such as auxin, ethylene, glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO) and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), have been involved in their activation. Most of these substances, including auxin, ethylene, GSH and NO, increase their production in Fe-deficient roots while GSNO, derived from GSH and NO, decreases its content. This paradoxical result could be explained with the increased expression and activity in Fe-deficient roots of the GSNO reductase (GSNOR) enzyme, which decomposes GSNO to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and NH3. The fact that NO content increases while GSNO decreases in Fe-deficient roots suggests that NO and GSNO do not play the same role in the regulation of Fe deficiency responses. This review is an update of the results supporting a role for NO, GSNO and GSNOR in the regulation of Fe deficiency responses. The possible roles of NO and GSNO are discussed by taking into account their mode of action through post-translational modifications, such as S-nitrosylation, and through their interactions with the hormones auxin and ethylene, directly related to the activation of morphological and physiological responses to Fe deficiency in dicot plants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nitric Oxide Signalling and Metabolism in Plants 2023)
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19 pages, 4124 KiB  
Article
The Crucial Role of SlGSNOR in Regulating Postharvest Tomato Fruit Ripening
by Zesheng Liu, Dengjing Huang, Yandong Yao, Xuejuan Pan, Yanqin Zhang, Yi Huang, Zhiqi Ding, Chunlei Wang and Weibiao Liao
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(5), 2729; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25052729 - 27 Feb 2024
Viewed by 556
Abstract
S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is a well-known regulator in controlling protein S-nitrosylation modification and nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis. Here, a GSNOR inhibitor N6022 and SlGSNOR silencing were applied to investigate the roles of SlGSNOR in tomato fruit postharvest ripening. We found that [...] Read more.
S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) is a well-known regulator in controlling protein S-nitrosylation modification and nitric oxide (NO) homeostasis. Here, a GSNOR inhibitor N6022 and SlGSNOR silencing were applied to investigate the roles of SlGSNOR in tomato fruit postharvest ripening. We found that the application of N6022 and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO, a NO donor), and SlGSNOR silencing delayed the transition of fruit skin color by improving total chlorophyll level by 88.57%, 44.78%, and 91.03%, respectively. Meanwhile, total carotenoid and lycopene contents were reduced by these treatments. Concurrently, the activity of chlorophyll biosynthesis enzymes and the expression of related genes were upregulated, and the transcript abundances of total carotenoid bioproduction genes were downregulated, by N6022 and GSNO treatments and SlGSNOR silencing. In addition, fruit softening was postponed by N6022, GSNO, and SlGSNOR silencing, through delaying the decrease of firmness and declining cell wall composition; structure-related enzyme activity; and gene expression levels. Furthermore, N6022, GSNO, and SlGSNOR silencing enhanced the accumulation of titratable acid; ascorbic acid; total phenol; and total flavonoid, but repressed the content of soluble sugar and soluble protein accompanied with the expression pattern changes of nutrition-related genes. In addition, the endogenous NO contents were elevated by 197.55%; 404.59%; and 713.46%, and the endogenous SNOs contents were enhanced by 74.65%; 93.49%; and 94.85%; by N6022 and GSNO treatments and SlGSNOR silencing, respectively. Altogether, these results indicate that SlGSNOR positively promotes tomato postharvest fruit ripening, which may be largely on account of its negative roles in the endogenous NO level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nitric Oxide Signalling and Metabolism in Plants 2023)
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