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Advances in Understanding Lipases and Lipid Metabolism
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Advances in Understanding Lipases and Lipid Metabolism

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 July 2024 | Viewed by 1617

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Monika Oberer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
Interests: lipase; proteins; enzymology and structural biology of lipases, biophysics; triacylglycerol lipases; protein-protein interaction; lipid metabolism; ATGL; ABHD5; MG; carboxylesterases; lipolytic regulation; protein crystallography; NMR spectroscopy; intrinsically disordered regions; protein dynamics; biophysics; structure-function relationship of proteins; modulation of enzyme activity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Living organisms must adapt to changes in external energy availability, and the integration of dynamic storage organelles termed lipid droplets has proven to be a successful evolutionary concept to maintain cellular energy homeostasis. Lipid droplets are generated when there is an excess of energy and are utilized during times of energy deprivation. They tightly package triacylglycerol and sterol esters, which are enclosed by a phospholipid monolayer furnished with various proteins. The growing lipid droplet represents the transition from the membrane lipid bilayer at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane to an independent organelle, whereas lipid droplets shrink upon hydrolytic consumption of the stored high energy substrates. This requires a finely tuned balance between anabolic (lipogenesis) and catabolic (lipolysis) processing of lipids. Proteins involved in neutral lipolysis, acid lipolysis, and lipogenesis act as lipases, acyl-transferases, general regulators, co-activators, and inhibitors. Recent studies have discovered that lipases often also exert additional anabolic functions, particularly in transacylation processes. Abnormal processing of lipids is associated with various metabolic diseases, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, lipid storage diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cancer cachexia, and aberrant lipid signaling. Lipases produced from pathogenic bacteria can promote the success of bacterial infections by facilitating bacterial invasion, growth, and immune evasion. This special section discusses intracellular activities and interactions between proteins, lipids, and lipid droplets in lipid metabolism under both normal physiological and pathological conditions.

Dr. Monika Oberer
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lipid hydrolase activity
  • lipogenesis
  • metabolic disease
  • lipase inhibition
  • protein structure
  • lipid droplet
  • neutral lipolysis
  • acid lipolysis
  • lipophagy
  • transacylation
  • phospholipase
  • lipase co-activation
  • lipid–water interphase
  • lipase-mediated pathogenesis
  • lipid droplet monolayer (membrane bilayer)
 

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 1501 KiB  
Article
Plasma Lipids Profile in the Prediction of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis in Adults: A Case-Control Study
by Georgios Kalopitas, Thomai Mouskeftara, Theodoros Liapikos, Konstantinos Arvanitakis, Aristeidis Ioannidis, Konstantinos Malandris, Eleni Theocharidou, Michail Chourdakis, Emmanouil Sinakos, Helen Gika and Georgios Germanidis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(16), 12717; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612717 - 12 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1383
Abstract
Patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) show significantly faster progress in the stages of fibrosis compared to those with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) disease. The non-invasive diagnosis of NASH remains an unmet clinical need. Preliminary data have shown that sphingolipids, especially ceramides, fatty acids, [...] Read more.
Patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) show significantly faster progress in the stages of fibrosis compared to those with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) disease. The non-invasive diagnosis of NASH remains an unmet clinical need. Preliminary data have shown that sphingolipids, especially ceramides, fatty acids, and other lipid classes may be related to the presence of NASH and the histological activity of the disease. The aim of our study was to assess the association of certain plasma lipid classes, such as fatty acids, acylcarnitines, and ceramides, with the histopathological findings in patients with NASH. The study included three groups: patients with NASH (N = 12), NAFL (N = 10), and healthy [non non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)] controls (N = 15). Plasma samples were collected after 12 h of fasting, and targeted analyses for fatty acids, acylcarnitines, and ceramides were performed. Baseline clinical and demographic characteristics were collected. There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics across the three groups or between NAFL and NASH patients. Patients with NASH had increased levels of several fatty acids, including, among others, fatty acid (FA) 14:0, FA 15:0, FA 18:0, FA 18:3n3, as well as Cer(d18:1/16:0), compared to NAFL patients and healthy controls. No significant difference was found between NAFL patients and healthy controls. In conclusion, patients with NASH exhibited a distinctive plasma lipid profile that can differentiate them from NAFL patients and non-NAFLD populations. More data from larger cohorts are needed to validate these findings and examine possible implications for diagnostic and management strategies of the disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Understanding Lipases and Lipid Metabolism)
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