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Advances in Multi-Tasked Macromolecules

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Macromolecules".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 5883

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Australian University (AU), Mishref, Safat 13015, Kuwait
2. Centre for Infrastructure Engineering Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2747, Australia
Interests: advanced macromolecules; PicoEnergy systems; biomacromolecules; artificially intelligent systems; biomedical
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The emergence of new diseases worldwide, i.e., COVID-19, has forced scientists to move their focus towards multi-tasked macromolecules with bio, macro, nano, pico, and Clark setups. These modern setups may provide strong physico-chemical properties, nanoenergy banking, color-changing ability, and self-healing characteristics with sensory–actuatory functions at different scales. Several novel setups may come to the picture, including hydrogelic pico-polymers, Clark-ed biopolymers, smart polymers, reversible covalent bonding systems, self-assemble and self-control macromolecular, composited pico-macro molecular, RNA-based macromolecules, transition metal–gene–polymer-coordinated complexes, neural cross-linked supramolecular which can transfer electrical pulses with the ability of reformation after rupture, artificially intelligent networks, and so on. Through original research articles and review articles, this Special Issue focuses on the above topics and other relevant topics.

Dr. Abbas Amini
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • macromolecules
  • self healing
  • sensory–actuatory
  • self-control/assembly
  • artificially intelligent networks
  • composited pico-macro molecular
  • transition metal–gene–polymer-coordinated complexes, neural cross-linked supramolecular
  • energy bank molecular systems

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 1764 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Chokeberry/Carboxymethylcellulose Hydrogels with the Addition of Disaccharides: DART-TOF/MS and HPLC-DAD Analysis
by Ina Ćorković, Aleš Rajchl, Tereza Škorpilová, Anita Pichler, Josip Šimunović and Mirela Kopjar
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(1), 448; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24010448 - 27 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1638
Abstract
With the growing awareness of the importance of a healthy diet, the need for the development of novel formulations is also on the rise. Chokeberry products are popular among consumers since they are a rich source of polyphenols that are responsible for antioxidant [...] Read more.
With the growing awareness of the importance of a healthy diet, the need for the development of novel formulations is also on the rise. Chokeberry products are popular among consumers since they are a rich source of polyphenols that are responsible for antioxidant activity and other positive effects on human health. However, other natural food ingredients, such as disaccharides, can affect their stability. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of disaccharides addition on the polyphenol composition of chokeberry hydrogels. Hydrogels were prepared from chokeberry juice and 2% of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) with the addition of 30%, 40%, or 50% of disaccharides (sucrose or trehalose). Samples were analyzed using DART-TOF/MS. The method was optimized, and the fingerprints of the mass spectra have been statistically processed using PCA analysis. Prepared samples were evaluated for total polyphenols, monomeric anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity (FRAP, CUPRAC, DPPH, ABTS assays) using spectrophotometric methods. Individual polyphenols were evaluated using HPLC-DAD analysis. Results showed the addition of disaccharides to 2% CMC hydrogels caused a decrease of total polyphenols. These findings confirm proper formulation is important to achieve appropriate retention of polyphenols. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Multi-Tasked Macromolecules)
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13 pages, 2168 KiB  
Article
Poly(dithiophosphate)s, a New Class of Phosphorus- and Sulfur-Containing Functional Polymers by a Catalyst-Free Facile Reaction between Diols and Phosphorus Pentasulfide
by Ákos Szabó, Györgyi Szarka, László Trif, Benjámin Gyarmati, Laura Bereczki, Béla Iván and Ervin Kovács
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(24), 15963; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415963 - 15 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1793
Abstract
Novel poly(dithiophosphate)s (PDTPs) were successfully synthesized under mild conditions without any additive in the presence of THF or toluene diluents at 60 °C by a direct, catalyst-free reaction between the abundant phosphorus pentasulfide (P4S10) and glycols such as ethylene [...] Read more.
Novel poly(dithiophosphate)s (PDTPs) were successfully synthesized under mild conditions without any additive in the presence of THF or toluene diluents at 60 °C by a direct, catalyst-free reaction between the abundant phosphorus pentasulfide (P4S10) and glycols such as ethylene glycol (EG), 1,6-hexanediol (HD) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). GPC, FTIR, 1H and 31P NMR analyses proved the formation of macromolecules with dithiophosphate coupling groups having P=S and P-SH pendant functionalities. Surprisingly, the ring-opening of THF by the P-SH group and its pendant incorporation as a branching point occur during polymerization. This process is absent with toluene, providing conditions to obtain linear chains. 31P NMR measurements indicate long-time partial hydrolysis and esterification, resulting in the formation of a thiophosphoric acid moiety and branching points. Copolymerization, i.e., using mixtures of EG or HD with PEG, results in polymers with broadly varying viscoelastic properties. TGA shows the lower thermal stability of PDTPs than that of PEG due to the relatively low thermal stability of the P-O-C moieties. The low Tgs of these polymers, from −4 to −50 °C, and a lack of PEG crystallites were found by DSC. This polymerization process and the resulting novel PDTPs enable various new routes for polymer synthesis and application possibilities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Multi-Tasked Macromolecules)
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18 pages, 13399 KiB  
Article
Calix[4]arene Polyamine Triazoles: Synthesis, Aggregation and DNA Binding
by Vladimir Burilov, Egor Makarov, Diana Mironova, Elza Sultanova, Islamiya Bilyukova, Kevser Akyol, Vladimir Evtugyn, Daut Islamov, Konstantin Usachev, Timur Mukhametzyanov, Svetlana Solovieva and Igor Antipin
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(23), 14889; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314889 - 28 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1789
Abstract
Artificial gene delivery systems are in great demand from both scientific and practical biomedical points of view. In this paper, we present the synthesis of a new click chemistry calix[4]arene precursor with free lower rim and new water-soluble calixarene triazoles with 12 amino-groups [...] Read more.
Artificial gene delivery systems are in great demand from both scientific and practical biomedical points of view. In this paper, we present the synthesis of a new click chemistry calix[4]arene precursor with free lower rim and new water-soluble calixarene triazoles with 12 amino-groups on the upper rim (one with free phenol hydroxyl groups and two another containing four butyl or tetradecyl fragments). Aggregation in the series of amino-triazole calixarenes of different lipophilicity (calixarene with free phenol hydroxyl groups or butyl and tetradecyl fragments on the lower rim) was studied using dynamic light scattering and fluorescent pyrene probe. It was found that calix[4]arene with a free lower rim, like alkyl-substituted butyl calix[4]arene, forms stable submicron aggregates 150–200 nm in size, while the more lipophilic tetradecyl –substituted calix[4]arene forms micellar aggregates19 nm in size. Using UV-Vis spectroscopy, fluorimetry and CD, it was shown that amino-triazole calix[4]arenes bind to calf thymus DNA by classical intercalation. According to DLS and TEM data, all studied macrocycles cause significant DNA compaction, forming stable nanoparticles 50–20 nm in size. Among all studied calix[4]arenes the most lipophilic tetradecyl one proved to be the best for both binding and compaction of DNA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Multi-Tasked Macromolecules)
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