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Marine Natural Products Identified by Molecular Approaches and Human Disease

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Bioactives and Nutraceuticals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2022) | Viewed by 11030

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
Interests: genomic/transcriptomic; marine biotechnology; metabolites in microalgae; nutraceuticals in fish; acquaculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
Interests: chemical ecology; drug discovery; biotechnology; marine invertebrates; microalgae; diatoms; sexual biology; invertebrate physiology; ecological modelling; aquaculture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy
Interests: investigating the anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging properties of marine sponge derived extracts through bioassay-guided fractionation and molecular approaches
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague

The development of the genome sequencing technologies to find novel metabolites has certainly drawn the attention of pharmaceutical industries, which had by now lost interest in natural products due to the advent of combinatorial chemistry. The advent of genome-based sequencing techniques, especially with establishment of genome mining, has allowed us to obtain new natural drugs in a faster and cheaper way. Genome analysis has shed light on the presence of numerous biosynthetic gene clusters that could be involved in the synthesis of other secondary metabolites defined as cryptic or orphan for their unknown origin. An example is represented by genome mining, as well as synthetic biology and all the techniques associated with them, which represent a new challenge in natural products discovery from the marine environment, mainly being ecologically friendly approaches without impact on the environment with no use of destructive collection practices. In fact, in the last few years, these molecular techniques were very useful in discovering bioactive compounds from marine organisms, also due to the rapid diffusion of   marine genomics, becoming available to the international scientific community. In this Special Issue, contributions on marine natural products isolated by molecular approaches are welcome, with applications in pharmacological and nutraceutical fields able to solve human diseases. Papers only containing extraction data will not be accepted, because the focus should be on the chemical composition of ingredients and, more specifically, in describing their mechanism of action in improving human nutrition.

Dr. Maria Costantini
Dr. Valerio Zupo
Dr. Nadia Ruocco
Dr. Mirko Mutalipassi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • bioactive compounds
  • marine biotechnologies
  • molecular approaches
  • nutraceuticals
  • pharmaceuticals

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 5059 KiB  
Article
New 3,4-seco-3,19-Dinor- and Spongian-Based Diterpenoid Lactones from the Marine Sponge Spongia sp.
by Chi-Jen Tai, Chih-Hua Chao, Atallah F. Ahmed, Chia-Hung Yen, Tsong-Long Hwang, Fang-Rong Chang, Yusheng M. Huang and Jyh-Horng Sheu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(2), 1252; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021252 - 08 Jan 2023
Viewed by 2285
Abstract
Continuing chemical investigation of the Red Sea sponge Spongia sp. led to the isolation of four new 3,4-seco-3,19-dinorspongian diterpenoid lactones, secodinorspongins A−D (14), along with a classical spongian diterpenoid lactone, sponginolide (5). The chemical structures, [...] Read more.
Continuing chemical investigation of the Red Sea sponge Spongia sp. led to the isolation of four new 3,4-seco-3,19-dinorspongian diterpenoid lactones, secodinorspongins A−D (14), along with a classical spongian diterpenoid lactone, sponginolide (5). The chemical structures, including the absolute configurations of these compounds, were elucidated using the extensive spectroscopic study composed of 1D and 2D NMR data analyses, and a comparison between calculated-electronic-circular-dichroism (ECD) and experimental-circular-dichroism (CD) spectra. A plausible biosynthetic pathway of 14 was also proposed. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of 15 were evaluated. Compound 1 was found to exhibit inhibitory activity against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and 4 and 5 exhibited suppression of superoxide-anion generation and elastase release in fMLF/CB-induced human neutrophils. Full article
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13 pages, 3060 KiB  
Article
Uncommon Polyketides from Penicillium steckii AS-324, a Marine Endozoic Fungus Isolated from Deep-Sea Coral in the Magellan Seamount
by Xue-Yi Hu, Xiao-Ming Li, Bin-Gui Wang and Ling-Hong Meng
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(11), 6332; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23116332 - 06 Jun 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1702
Abstract
Four unusual steckwaic acids E–H (14), possessing a rarely described acrylic acid unit at C-4 (13) or a double bond between C-12 and C-13 (4) are reported for the first time, along with [...] Read more.
Four unusual steckwaic acids E–H (14), possessing a rarely described acrylic acid unit at C-4 (13) or a double bond between C-12 and C-13 (4) are reported for the first time, along with four new analogues (58) and two known congeners (9 and 10). They were purified from the organic extract of Penicillium steckii AS-324, an endozoic fungus obtained from a deep-sea coral Acanthogorgiidae sp., which was collected from the Magellan Seamount at a depth of 1458 m. Their structures were determined by the interpretation of NMR and mass spectroscopic data. The relative and absolute configurations were determined by NOESY correlations, X-ray crystallographic analysis, and ECD calculations. All compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activities against human- and aquatic-pathogenic bacteria and plant-related pathogenic fungi. Full article
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11 pages, 2737 KiB  
Article
Verrucosidin Derivatives from the Deep Sea Cold-Seep-Derived Fungus Penicillium polonicum CS-252
by Yanhe Li, Xiaoming Li, Xin Li, Suiqun Yang, Bingui Wang and Honglei Li
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(10), 5567; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105567 - 16 May 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1647
Abstract
Six novel verrucosidin derivatives, namely, poloncosidins A–F (16), together with one known analogue (7), were isolated and identified from the deep-sea-derived fungus Penicillium polonicum CS-252, which was obtained from cold-seep sediments collected in the South China Sea [...] Read more.
Six novel verrucosidin derivatives, namely, poloncosidins A–F (16), together with one known analogue (7), were isolated and identified from the deep-sea-derived fungus Penicillium polonicum CS-252, which was obtained from cold-seep sediments collected in the South China Sea at a depth of 1183 m. Their structures were mainly established on the basis of a detailed interpretation of NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric data. The relative and absolute configurations of compounds 16 were determined by ECD calculations and a DP4+ probability analysis. Compounds 15 represent the first examples of verrucosidins with a 2,5-dihydrofuran ring which is uncommon among the known analogues. These compounds exhibited inhibitory activities against several human and aquatic pathogens with MIC values ranging from 4 to 32 μg/mL. Full article
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31 pages, 4979 KiB  
Article
Combining OSMAC Approach and Untargeted Metabolomics for the Identification of New Glycolipids with Potent Antiviral Activity Produced by a Marine Rhodococcus
by Fortunato Palma Esposito, Rosa Giugliano, Gerardo Della Sala, Giovanni Andrea Vitale, Carmine Buonocore, Janardhan Ausuri, Christian Galasso, Daniela Coppola, Gianluigi Franci, Massimiliano Galdiero and Donatella de Pascale
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(16), 9055; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22169055 - 22 Aug 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4387
Abstract
Natural products of microbial origin have inspired most of the commercial pharmaceuticals, especially those from Actinobacteria. However, the redundancy of molecules in the discovery process represents a serious issue. The untargeted approach, One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC), is one of the most promising [...] Read more.
Natural products of microbial origin have inspired most of the commercial pharmaceuticals, especially those from Actinobacteria. However, the redundancy of molecules in the discovery process represents a serious issue. The untargeted approach, One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC), is one of the most promising strategies to induce the expression of silent genes, especially when combined with genome mining and advanced metabolomics analysis. In this work, the whole genome of the marine isolate Rhodococcus sp. I2R was sequenced and analyzed by antiSMASH for the identification of biosynthetic gene clusters. The strain was cultivated in 22 different growth media and the generated extracts were subjected to metabolomic analysis and functional screening. Notably, only a single growth condition induced the production of unique compounds, which were partially purified and structurally characterized by liquid chromatography high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS). This strategy led to identifying a bioactive fraction containing >30 new glycolipids holding unusual functional groups. The active fraction showed a potent antiviral effect against enveloped viruses, such as herpes simplex virus and human coronaviruses, and high antiproliferative activity in PC3 prostate cancer cell line. The identified compounds belong to the biosurfactants class, amphiphilic molecules, which play a crucial role in the biotech and biomedical industry. Full article
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