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Plant Gas Exchange and Photosynthesis in a Changing Environment 2022

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 3896

Special Issue Editors

Institute for Sustainable Pant Protection - National Research Council of Italy, 10 Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy
Interests: environmental physiology; photosynthesis; biogenic volatile organic compounds; plant growth; carbon allocation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Institute for Sustainable Pant Protection - National Research Council of Italy, 10 Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy
Interests: stomatal control; stomatal evolution; photosynthesis; elevated [CO2]; drought
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Institute for Sustainable Pant Protection - National Research Council of Italy, 10 Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Firenze, Italy
Interests: photosynthesis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Environmental change poses serious challenges to the sustainability of natural ecosystems and agricultural crop production. Rising average global temperatures, more frequent heat waves, longer drought events, increasing atmospheric CO2, rising levels of tropospheric ozone, temporal/spatial shifts in precipitation, and salinity will directly affect plant photosynthesis. Population growth accompanied by reductions in the availability of fresh water and land for agricultural production (due to land degradation, increased urbanization, and/or the expansion of non-food crops) necessitate enhanced crop and water productivity. The increases in the yield of staple crops achieved through traditional breeding programs have been underpinned by enhanced leaf-level photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. However, scarcity of water poses a particular constraint to crop production as droughts become more severe and the availability of fresh water for irrigation declines. This interaction of water deficit, rising CO2, higher temperatures, and other abiotic stresses on photosynthetic carbon gain (biochemical and diffusive limitations), plant water relations, stomatal control, protective physiological mechanisms (antioxidants, energy dissipation), and the emission of volatile organic compounds will determine the sustainability of future agricultural productivity and the viability of natural ecosystems. The development of precision irrigation and agriculture monitoring systems to utilize water availability more effectively, maximize productivity, and conduct field-based phenotyping require in-depth knowledge of the physiological processes regulating photosynthetic CO2 uptake and water loss. Gas exchange analysis provides valuable information concerning plant–environment interactions and plant physiological status. This information is central to phenotyping programs and understanding the responses of natural vegetation to climate change.

This Special Issue will focus on the impact of changing environments on C3 and C4 photosynthetic physiologies, plant–water relations, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, secondary metabolism, and genetics toward developing more resilient and productive agriculture and elucidating the responses of natural vegetation to shifts in their environment.

Dr. Mauro Centritto
Dr. Matthew Haworth
Dr. Giovanni Marino
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • photosynthesis regulation
  • stomatal conductance
  • mesophyll conductance
  • chlorophyll fluorescence
  • secondary metabolism
  • plant–water relations
  • biotic and abiotic stress
  • anatomical and morphological characterization
  • climate change
  • WUE
  • physiological, molecular, biochemical, and genetic advances in photosynthesis
  • phenotypic/genotypic response
  • phenotyping

Published Papers (2 papers)

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15 pages, 1098 KiB  
Review
Intercellular Communication during Stomatal Development with a Focus on the Role of Symplastic Connection
by Yongqi Cui, Meiqing He, Datong Liu, Jinxin Liu, Jie Liu and Dawei Yan
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(3), 2593; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032593 - 30 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1932
Abstract
Stomata are microscopic pores on the plant epidermis that serve as a major passage for the gas and water exchange between a plant and the atmosphere. The formation of stomata requires a series of cell division and cell-fate transitions and some key regulators [...] Read more.
Stomata are microscopic pores on the plant epidermis that serve as a major passage for the gas and water exchange between a plant and the atmosphere. The formation of stomata requires a series of cell division and cell-fate transitions and some key regulators including transcription factors and peptides. Monocots have different stomatal patterning and a specific subsidiary cell formation process compared with dicots. Cell-to-cell symplastic trafficking mediated by plasmodesmata (PD) allows molecules including proteins, RNAs and hormones to function in neighboring cells by moving through the channels. During stomatal developmental process, the intercellular communication between stomata complex and adjacent epidermal cells are finely controlled at different stages. Thus, the stomata cells are isolated or connected with others to facilitate their formation or movement. In the review, we summarize the main regulation mechanism underlying stomata development in both dicots and monocots and especially the specific regulation of subsidiary cell formation in monocots. We aim to highlight the important role of symplastic connection modulation during stomata development, including the status of PD presence at different cell–cell interfaces and the function of relevant mobile factors in both dicots and monocots. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Gas Exchange and Photosynthesis in a Changing Environment 2022)
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19 pages, 3820 KiB  
Article
Metabolic Background, Not Photosynthetic Physiology, Determines Drought and Drought Recovery Responses in C3 and C2 Moricandias
by Carla Pinheiro, Giovanni Emiliani, Giovanni Marino, Ana S. Fortunato, Matthew Haworth, Anna De Carlo, Maria Manuela Chaves, Francesco Loreto and Mauro Centritto
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(4), 4094; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24044094 - 17 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1371
Abstract
Distinct photosynthetic physiologies are found within the Moricandia genus, both C3-type and C2-type representatives being known. As C2-physiology is an adaptation to drier environments, a study of physiology, biochemistry and transcriptomics was conducted to investigate whether plants with C2-physiology are more tolerant of [...] Read more.
Distinct photosynthetic physiologies are found within the Moricandia genus, both C3-type and C2-type representatives being known. As C2-physiology is an adaptation to drier environments, a study of physiology, biochemistry and transcriptomics was conducted to investigate whether plants with C2-physiology are more tolerant of low water availability and recover better from drought. Our data on Moricandia moricandioides (Mmo, C3), M. arvensis (Mav, C2) and M. suffruticosa (Msu, C2) show that C3 and C2-type Moricandias are metabolically distinct under all conditions tested (well-watered, severe drought, early drought recovery). Photosynthetic activity was found to be largely dependent upon the stomatal opening. The C2-type M. arvensis was able to secure 25–50% of photosynthesis under severe drought as compared to the C3-type M. moricandioides. Nevertheless, the C2-physiology does not seem to play a central role in M. arvensis drought responses and drought recovery. Instead, our biochemical data indicated metabolic differences in carbon and redox-related metabolism under the examined conditions. The cell wall dynamics and glucosinolate metabolism regulations were found to be major discriminators between M. arvensis and M. moricandioides at the transcription level. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Gas Exchange and Photosynthesis in a Changing Environment 2022)
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