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Recent Approaches for Wound Treatment—2nd Edition

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2024) | Viewed by 8174

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Prof. Dr. César Viseras

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Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
Interests: medicinal products; medical devices; pharmaceutical technology; drug delivery
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Dr. Luana Perioli

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Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Interests: pharmaceutical technology; drud delivery systems
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Dr. Cinzia Pagano

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Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via del Liceo, 1, 06123 Perugia, Italy
Interests: pharmaceutical technology; drug delivery
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wounds represent an unsolved serious healthcare problem. The treatments available are not satisfactory because they do not take into account patient-to-patient differences and the fact that needs change according to wound type as well as age, sex, etc. An efficacious therapy can be obtained through specific customized treatments that are developed by taking into account the specific aspects of a patient.

The aim of this Special Issue is to describe the recent approaches in and efficacious treatments of wounds from different perspectives. These include descriptions of new ingredients (e.g., A.P.I., polymers) able to stimulate wound healing, new delivery systems, and new formulations, as well as new understanding in the stimulation of physiological biochemical pathways (that change according to many factors, such as age, sex, etc.) involved in wound healing.

Prof. Dr. César Viseras
Dr. Luana Perioli
Dr. Cinzia Pagano
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 6212 KiB

Open AccessArticle

AESIS-1, a Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapeutic Peptide, Accelerates Wound Healing by Promoting Fibroblast Migration in a CXCR2-Dependent Manner

by Seung Beom Park, Yoolhee Yang, Sa Ik Bang, Tae Sung Kim and Daeho Cho

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(7), 3937; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25073937 - 01 Apr 2024

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Abstract

In patients with autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), delayed wound healing is often observed. Timely and effective wound healing is a crucial determinant of a patient’s quality of life, and novel materials for skin wound repair, such as bioactive peptides, are continuously being studied and developed. One such bioactive peptide, AESIS-1, has been studied for its well-established anti-rheumatoid arthritis properties. In this study, we attempted to use the anti-RA material AESIS-1 as a therapeutic wound-healing agent based on disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), which can help restore prompt wound healing. The efficacy of AESIS-1 in wound healing was assessed using a full-thickness excision model in diabetic mice; this is a well-established model for studying chronic wound repair. Initial observations revealed that mice treated with AESIS-1 exhibited significantly advanced wound repair compared with the control group. In vitro studies revealed that AESIS-1 increased the migration activity of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) without affecting proliferative activity. Moreover, increased HDF cell migration is mediated by upregulating chemokine receptor expression, such as that of CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2). The upregulation of CXCR2 through AESIS-1 treatment enhanced the chemotactic reactivity to CXCR2 ligands, including CXC motif ligand 8 (CXCL8). AESIS-1 directly activates the ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades, which regulate the migration and expression of CXCR2 in fibroblasts. Our results suggest that the AESIS-1 peptide is a strong wound-healing substance that increases the movement of fibroblasts and the expression of CXCR2 by turning on the ERK and p38 MAPK signaling cascades. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Approaches for Wound Treatment—2nd Edition)

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19 pages, 2526 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Culture Shock: An Investigation into the Tolerance of Pathogenic Biofilms to Antiseptics in Environments Resembling the Chronic Wound Milieu

by Justyna Paleczny, Malwina Brożyna, Bartłomiej Dudek, Aleksandra Woytoń, Grzegorz Chodaczek, Marta Szajnik and Adam Junka

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(24), 17242; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417242 - 08 Dec 2023

Viewed by 956

Abstract

Credible assessment methods must be applied to evaluate antiseptics’ in vitro activity reliably. Studies indicate that the medium for biofilm culturing should resemble the conditions present at the site of infection. We cultured S. aureus, S. epidermidis, P. aeruginosa, C. albicans, and E. coli biofilms in IVWM (In Vitro Wound Milieu)—the medium reflecting wound milieu—and were compared to the ones cultured in the laboratory microbiological Mueller–Hinton (MH) medium. We analyzed and compared crucial biofilm characteristics and treated microbes with polyhexamethylene biguanide hydrochloride (PHMB), povidone-iodine (PVP-I), and super-oxidized solution with hypochlorites (SOHs). Biofilm biomass of S. aureus and S. epidermidis was higher in IVWM than in MH medium. Microbes cultured in IVWM exhibited greater metabolic activity and thickness than in MH medium. Biofilm of the majority of microbial species was more resistant to PHMB and PVP-I in the IVWM than in the MH medium. P. aeruginosa displayed a two-fold lower MBEC value of PHMB in the IVWM than in the MH medium. PHMB was more effective in the IVWM than in the MH medium against S. aureus biofilm cultured on a biocellulose carrier (instead of polystyrene). The applied improvement of the standard in vitro methodology allows us to predict the effects of treatment of non-healing wounds with specific antiseptics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Approaches for Wound Treatment—2nd Edition)

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25 pages, 111011 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Copaifera langsdorffii Oleoresin-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Emulgel Improves Cutaneous Healing by Anti-Inflammatory and Re-Epithelialization Mechanisms

by Lucas F. S. Gushiken, Fernando P. Beserra, Maria F. Hussni, Murilo T. Gonzaga, Victor P. Ribeiro, Patrícia F. de Souza, Jacqueline C. L. Campos, Tais N. C. Massaro, Carlos A. Hussni, Regina K. Takahira, Priscyla D. Marcato, Jairo K. Bastos and Cláudia H. Pellizzon

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(21), 15882; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115882 - 01 Nov 2023

Viewed by 962

Abstract

The skin is essential to the integrity of the organism. The disruption of this organ promotes a wound, and the organism starts the healing to reconstruct the skin. Copaifera langsdorffii is a tree used in folk medicine to treat skin affections, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In our study, the oleoresin of the plant was associated with nanostructured lipid carriers, aiming to evaluate the healing potential of this formulation and compare the treatment with reference drugs used in wound healing. Male Wistar rats were used to perform the excision wound model, with the macroscopic analysis of wound retraction. Skin samples were used in histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses. The results showed the wound retraction in the oleoresin-treated group, mediated by α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Biochemical assays revealed the anti-inflammatory mechanism of the oleoresin-treated group, increasing interleukin-10 (IL-10) concentration and decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines. Histopathological and immunohistochemical results showed the improvement of re-epithelialization and tissue remodeling in the Copaifera langsdorffii group, with an increase in laminin-γ2, a decrease in desmoglein-3 and an increase in collagen remodeling. These findings indicate the wound healing potential of nanostructured lipid carriers associated with Copaifera langsdorffii oleoresin in skin wounds, which can be helpful as a future alternative treatment for skin wounds. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Approaches for Wound Treatment—2nd Edition)

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29 pages, 3838 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multicomponent Antibiofilm Lipid Nanoparticles as Novel Platform to Ameliorate Resveratrol Properties: Preliminary Outcomes on Fibroblast Proliferation and Migration

by Giuseppe Angellotti, Giulia Di Prima, Fabio D'Agostino, Emanuela Peri, Maria Rita Tricoli, Elena Belfiore, Mario Allegra, Patrizia Cancemi and Viviana De Caro

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(9), 8382; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24098382 - 06 May 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1884

Abstract

The well-being of skin and mucous membranes is fundamental for the homeostasis of the body and thus it is imperative to treat any lesion quickly and correctly. In this view, polyphenols might assist and enhance a successful wound healing process by reducing the inflammatory cascade and the production of free radicals. However, they suffer from disadvantageous physico–chemical properties, leading to restricted clinical use. In this work, a complex mixture of PEGylated lipid, Glyceryl monoester, 18-β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid and Menthol was designed to entrap Resveratrol (RSV) as the active ingredient and further produce lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) by homogenization followed by high-frequency sonication. The nanosystem was properly characterized in terms of particle size (DLS, SEM), zeta potential, drug loading, antioxidant power (DPPH), release behaviour, cytocompatibility, wound healing and antibiofilm properties. The optimized lipid mixture was homogeneous, melted at 57–61 °C and encapsulated amorphous RSV (4.56 ± 0.04% w/w). The RSV-loaded LNPs were almost monodispersed (PDI: 0.267 ± 0.010), with nanometric size (162.86 ± 3.12 nm), scavenger properties and suitable DR% and LE% values (96.82 ± 1.34% and 95.17 ± 0.25%, respectively). The release studies were performed to simulate the wound conditions: 1-octanol to mimic the lipophilic domains of biological tissues (where the First Order kinetic was observed) and citrate buffer pH 5.5 according to the inflammatory wound exudate (where the Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic was followed). The biological and microbiological evaluations highlighted fibroblast proliferation and migration effects as well as antibiofilm properties at extremely low doses (LNPs: 22 μg/mL, corresponding to RSV 5 µM). Thus, the proposed multicomponent LNPs could represent a valuable RSV delivery platform for wound healing purposes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Approaches for Wound Treatment—2nd Edition)

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Review

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27 pages, 1202 KiB

Open AccessReview

Wound Dressing Modifications for Accelerated Healing of Infected Wounds

by Vladyslav Vivcharenko, Marta Trzaskowska and Agata Przekora

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(8), 7193; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087193 - 13 Apr 2023

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3460

Abstract

Infections that occur during wound healing involve the most frequent complications in the field of wound care which not only inhibit the whole process but also lead to non-healing wound formation. The diversity of the skin microbiota and the wound microenvironment can favor the occurrence of skin infections, contributing to an increased level of morbidity and even mortality. As a consequence, immediate effective treatment is required to prevent such pathological conditions. Antimicrobial agents loaded into wound dressings have turned out to be a great option to reduce wound colonization and improve the healing process. In this review paper, the influence of bacterial infections on the wound-healing phases and promising modifications of dressing materials for accelerated healing of infected wounds are discussed. The review paper mainly focuses on the novel findings on the use of antibiotics, nanoparticles, cationic organic agents, and plant-derived natural compounds (essential oils and their components, polyphenols, and curcumin) to develop antimicrobial wound dressings. The review article was prepared on the basis of scientific contributions retrieved from the PubMed database (supported with Google Scholar searching) over the last 5 years. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Approaches for Wound Treatment—2nd Edition)

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