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Pharmacogenomics 3.0

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2024 | Viewed by 1042

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is a great pleasure for me to accept the kind invitation of the International Journal of Molecular Sciences to serve as Guest Editor of a Special Issue on “Pharmacogenomics”. I think that this is a timely initiative which will be of interest to most medical disciplines. Cardiovascular disorders (25%–30%), cancer (20%–25%) and brain disorders (10%–15%) represent over 60%–70% of morbility and mortality in developed countries. Approximately 10%–20% of direct costs for disease management are attributed to pharmacological treatment, and, unfortunately, it is estimated that drug efficacy is restricted to 20%–30% of the cases treated with a particular drug in almost any medical specialty. Many different factors influence drug efficacy and safety, including the chemical properties of a drug, route of administration, disease stage, nutrition, compliance, drug–drug interactions, and pharmacogenomics.

In the coming years, the onset of a revolutionary transformation of protocols and strategies for drug development is expected. Pharmacogenomics is one of the doors through which to enter the complex building of personalized medicine.

Regulatory agencies should make recommendations to the pharmaceutical industry in favor of the introduction of pharmacogenomics in drug development and the inclusion of pharmacogenomic information on drug labels, with specific warnings for the population at risk. Educational programs are fundamental for drug prescribers to become familiar with personalized treatments. Pharmacogenetic testing should be gradually introduced into medical practice. The introduction of pharmacogenomics in routine clinical practice is fundamental for optimizing therapeutics and for reducing adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which are a major health concern worldwide. There are multiple causes of ADRs, some of which are preventable. Pharmacogenomics accounts for ≈80% of the variability in drug efficacy and safety. Over 400 genes are clinically relevant in drug metabolism, and ≈200 pharmagenes are associated with ADRs. The condition of extensive metabolizers in the Caucasian population is lower than 20%, and about 60% of patients are exposed to potential ADRs.

I would like to invite all of you, experts and beginners in the field of pharmacogeneomics, to contribute to this Special Issue with your ideas for accelerating the implementation of pharmacogenomic procedures in drug development and clinical practice.

More published papers could be found in the closed Special Issue: Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacogenomics 2.0.

Prof. Dr. Ramón Cacabelos
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pharmacogenomics of cardiovascular disorders
  • pharmacogenomics of cancer
  • pharmacogenomics of brain disorders
  • pharmacogenomics of metabolic and endocrine disorders
  • pharmacogenomics of gastrointestinal disorders
  • pharmacogenomics of lipid metabolism disorders
  • pharmacoepigenomics of pain
  • pharmacogenomics of psychotropic drugs
  • neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer, Parkinson, multiple sclerosis)

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 694 KiB  
Article
Frequencies of Combined Dysfunction of Cytochromes P450 2C9, 2C19, and 2D6 in an Italian Cohort: Suggestions for a More Appropriate Medication Prescribing Process
by Giovanna Gentile, Ottavia De Luca, Antonio Del Casale, Gerardo Salerno, Maurizio Simmaco and Marina Borro
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(16), 12696; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612696 - 11 Aug 2023
Viewed by 625
Abstract
Improper drug prescription is a main cause of both drug-related harms (inefficacy and toxicity) and ineffective spending and waste of the healthcare system’s resources. Nowadays, strategies to support an improved, informed prescription process may benefit from the adequate use of pharmacogenomic testing. Using [...] Read more.
Improper drug prescription is a main cause of both drug-related harms (inefficacy and toxicity) and ineffective spending and waste of the healthcare system’s resources. Nowadays, strategies to support an improved, informed prescription process may benefit from the adequate use of pharmacogenomic testing. Using next-generation sequencing, we analyzed the genomic profile for three major cytochromes P450 (CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6) and studied the frequencies of dysfunctional isozymes (e.g., poor, intermediate, or rapid/ultra-rapid metabolizers) in a cohort of 298 Italian subjects. We found just 14.8% of subjects with a fully normal set of cytochromes, whereas 26.5% of subjects had combined cytochrome dysfunction (more than one isozyme involved). As improper drug prescription is more frequent, and more burdening, in polytreated patients, since drug–drug interactions also cause patient harm, we discuss the potential benefits of a more comprehensive PGX testing approach to support informed drug selection in such patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pharmacogenomics 3.0)
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