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Special Issue "Advances in the Physiology of Primary and Secondary Plant Metabolism under Abiotic and Biotic Stress"

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Plant Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 896

Special Issue Editor

Plant Phenolic Metabolism Group, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street, 35, 127276 Moscow, Russia
Interests: biotic and abiotic stress; plants; in vitro cultures; sustainability; biological responses; bioactive compounds; antioxidants; phenolics; nutraceuticals; plant biochemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The vital activity and productivity of plants are the determining factors in the preservation of the ecology and biological diversity of our planet. A variety of nutrients are the basis of nutrition and human health. Plants make significant contributions to the preservation of a comfortable atmosphere for various organisms, able to smooth out sharp fluctuations in humidity, temperature and gas composition that would be hazardous to life. They are also sources of valuable metabolites for nutritional and therapeutic use. In connection with the currently observed changes in climatic conditions on Earth, plants are increasingly exposed to the damaging effects of both ordinary and climate-dependent biotic and abiotic environmental factors (temperature fluctuations and long periods of drought, heat, changes in the intensity and duration of light exposure, UV radiation, increase in ozone concentration, acid rain, salinization, pathogens, etc.). Equally important are the damaging effects of stresses associated with environmental pollution by heavy metals, herbicides, agricultural and industrial effluents causing secondary pollution, secondary salinization and other modifications of the habitat and cultivation of various species. This leads to a change in metabolic processes, modification of the accumulation of primary (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, etc.) and secondary (polyphenols, terpenoids and alkaloids) metabolites, and, as a result, a decrease in productivity and/or a change in the composition and beneficial properties of cultivated plants, which is especially important for agricultural crops. Such changes can not only inhibit the growth of plants, but also make them unsuitable for creating food products or using them in normal technological schemes due to an irreversible change in quality, composition and properties.

The study of the mechanisms of adaptation of plants to a stress factor in changing environmental conditions is, in this regard, an urgent and important goal. To a large extent, it is due to the need to obtain from plants and parts of plant bioantioxidants as effective nutraceuticals to preserve and maintain human viability worldwide. It is equally important to take into account new challenges and requirements when creating new varieties and breeding lines, in biodiversity conservation work. In this Special Issue, "Advances in the Physiology of Primary and Secondary Plant Metabolism Under Abiotic and Biotic Stress", we invite you to highlight new advances in plant physiology regarding the effects of various stress factors on primary and secondary metabolism using various experimental approaches (physiology and biochemistry plants, molecular biology, genetics, biotechnology, ecology, breeding, agrochemistry and cytology). Authors are invited to submit related original research articles, reviews, and communications.

Prof. Dr. Natalia V. Zagoskina
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • in vitro plant cultures
  • plants
  • abiotic stress (drought, heat, salinity, cold, flooding)
  • biotic stress (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, insects, weeds)
  • physiological/biochemical stress responses
  • oxidative stress
  • genes and proteins
  • breeding and agronomy
  • primary components (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins)
  • secondary components (polyphenols, terpenoids, alkaloids)
  • metabolome
  • proteome

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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Article
Heterologous codA Gene Expression Leads to Mitigation of Salt Stress Effects and Modulates Developmental Processes
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(18), 13998; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241813998 - 12 Sep 2023
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Abstract
Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing the choline oxidase gene from A. globiformis showed an increase in resistance at the level of primary and secondary biosynthesis of metabolites, removing the damage characteristic of salinity and stabilizing the condition of plants. We used 200 mM NaCl, [...] Read more.
Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing the choline oxidase gene from A. globiformis showed an increase in resistance at the level of primary and secondary biosynthesis of metabolites, removing the damage characteristic of salinity and stabilizing the condition of plants. We used 200 mM NaCl, which inhibits the growth of tobacco plants at all stages of development. Leaves of transgenic and wild-type (WT) plants Nicotiána tabácum were used for biochemical, cytological and molecular biological analysis. However, for transgenic lines cultivated under normal conditions (without salinity), we noted juvenile characteristics, delay in flowering, and slowing down of development, including the photosynthetic apparatus. This caused changes in the amount of chlorophyll, a delay in the plastid grana development with the preservation of prolamellar bodies. It also caused changes in the amount of sugars and indirectly downstream processes. A significant change in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and a change in metabolism is probably compensated by the regulation of a number of genes, the expression level of which was also changed. Thus, the tolerance of transgenic tobacco plants to salinity, which manifested itself as a result of the constitutive expression of codA, demonstrates an advantage over WT plants, but in the absence of salinity, transgenic plants did not have such advantages due to juvenilization. Full article
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Review

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Review
Polyphenols in Plants: Structure, Biosynthesis, Abiotic Stress Regulation, and Practical Applications (Review)
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(18), 13874; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241813874 - 09 Sep 2023
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Abstract
Phenolic compounds or polyphenols are among the most common compounds of secondary metabolism in plants. Their biosynthesis is characteristic of all plant cells and is carried out with the participation of the shikimate and acetate-malonate pathways. In this case, polyphenols of various structures [...] Read more.
Phenolic compounds or polyphenols are among the most common compounds of secondary metabolism in plants. Their biosynthesis is characteristic of all plant cells and is carried out with the participation of the shikimate and acetate-malonate pathways. In this case, polyphenols of various structures are formed, such as phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, and various oligomeric and polymeric compounds of phenolic nature. Their number already exceeds 10,000. The diversity of phenolics affects their biological activity and functional role. Most of their representatives are characterized by interaction with reactive oxygen species, which manifests itself not only in plants but also in the human body, where they enter through food chains. Having a high biological activity, phenolic compounds are successfully used as medicines and nutritional supplements for the health of the population. The accumulation and biosynthesis of polyphenols in plants depend on many factors, including physiological–biochemical, molecular–genetic, and environmental factors. In the review, we present the latest literature data on the structure of various classes of phenolic compounds, their antioxidant activity, and their biosynthesis, including their molecular genetic aspects (genes and transfactors). Since plants grow with significant environmental changes on the planet, their response to the action of abiotic factors (light, UV radiation, temperature, and heavy metals) at the level of accumulation and composition of these secondary metabolites, as well as their metabolic regulation, is considered. Information is given about plant polyphenols as important and necessary components of functional nutrition and pharmaceutically valuable substances for the health of the population. Proposals on promising areas of research and development in the field of plant polyphenols are presented. Full article
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