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Special Issue "Tryptophan in Nutrition and Health 3.0"

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Pharmacology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2023 | Viewed by 1617

Special Issue Editor

Department of Physiology, Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institute for Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Biology Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen and Goettingen Research Campus, Göttingen, Am Türmchen 3, D-33332 Gütersloh, Germany
Interests: aging; amino acids; antioxidants; inflammaging; melatonin; product development; tryptophan
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tryptophan is a rate-limiting essential amino acid and thus a building block of life. Tryptophan administration can increase brain serotonin synthesis and release. This, in turn, can improve mood and sleep. Tryptophan is also the precursor of melatonin, neuroactive kynurenines, and niacin. Current research on the physiology and pathophysiology of tryptophan metabolism has revealed the central role of tryptophan and its metabolites as master molecular regulators of neurotransmission and neuromodulation. The ratio of tryptophan to kynurenine is a key parameter determining and reflecting endogenous inflammation and regeneration. Tryptophan metabolites such as melatonin and structurally related microbial agents act as potent antioxidant and bioenergetic agents. This Special Issue will examine the key tryptophan pathways and their molecular targets. The latest developments in tryptophan research are the focus of this article collection, and the studies herein will demonstrate the relevance of tryptophan and its metabolites in nutrition and health. The discovery of a broad range of bioactive compounds derived from tryptophan will enable a better understanding of the unique role of this amino acid in disease prevention and treatment.

Dr. Burkhard Poeggeler
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • antioxidants
  • kynurenine
  • melatonin
  • serotonin
  • tryptophan

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

Article
Tryptophan Modulatory Role in European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Immune Response to Acute Inflammation under Stressful Conditions
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(20), 12475; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012475 - 18 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1006
Abstract
The present work aimed to study the role of dietary tryptophan supplementation in modulating the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) immune condition during stressful rearing conditions (i.e., 15 days exposure to high density), as well as the immune response to acute inflammation [...] Read more.
The present work aimed to study the role of dietary tryptophan supplementation in modulating the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) immune condition during stressful rearing conditions (i.e., 15 days exposure to high density), as well as the immune response to acute inflammation after intraperitoneal injection of a bacterial pathogen. Stress alone did not compromise seabass health indicators. In contrast, a clear peripheral and local inflammatory response was observed in response to the inoculated bacteria. Moreover, exposure to a high stocking density seemed to exacerbate the inflammatory response at early sampling points, compared to fish stocked at a lower density. In contrast, stressed fish presented some immune-suppressing effects on the T-cell surface glycoprotein receptor expressions at a late sampling point following inflammation. Regarding the effects of dietary tryptophan, no changes were observed on seabass immune indicators prior to inflammation, while a small number of immunosuppressive effects were observed in response to inflammation, supporting tryptophan’s role in the promotion of immune-tolerance signals during inflammation. Nonetheless, tryptophan dietary supplementation improved the inflammatory response against a bacterial pathogen during stressful conditions, supported by a reduction of plasma cortisol levels, an up-regulation of several immune-related genes at 48 h, and an inversion of the previously observed, stress-induced T-cell suppression. Finally, the involvement of tryptophan catabolism in macrophages was confirmed by the up-regulation of genes involved in the kynurenine pathway. The present study brings new insights regarding the immune modulatory role of tryptophan during stressful conditions in fish, thus allowing for the development of novel prophylactic protocols during vaccination by intraperitoneal injection in the European seabass. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tryptophan in Nutrition and Health 3.0)
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