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Special Issue "Endocrine Disruption and Human Diseases 2.0"

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Division of Environmental Genetics and Molecular Toxicology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
Interests: endocrine disruptors; hormonal cancer; nuclear receptors; epigenetics; gene regulation; stem cells
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Shuk-Mei Ho

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Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
Interests: hormones and endocrine disruptors; genetics and epigenetics in disease development

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hormone is one of the essential factors for supporting growth and differentiation in humans. Any disruption by hormone mimetics existing in our environment at specific critical developmental windows (including prenatal, lactational, pubertal and pregnancy windows) could lead to detrimental effects, especially in those hormone-dependent tissues/organs. Not only would this disturb the preset developmental programs but also would heighten the risk for carcinogenesis via epigenetics reprogramming. Several classes of environmental endocrine disruptors have been identified and investigated. These include perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), bisphenols (BPA/BPS), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalates (DEHP/DEP), pesticides (DDT/DDE), brominated flame retardants (PBDEs) and dioxins (PCDDs). The latest research findings revealed that some of these chemicals exhibit non-classical toxicological profiles i.e. prominent effects at the low dose, non-monotonic dose responses as well as multi-generation effects.

This Special Issue is a continuation of the successful issue “Endocrine Disruption and Human Diseases”, will cover a selection of recent research topics and current review articles in the field. Experimental papers, up-to-date review articles, and commentaries are all welcome.

Dr. Yuet-Kin Leung
Prof. Dr. Shuk-Mei Ho
Guest Editors

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Research

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25 pages, 8626 KiB

Open AccessArticle

NTS, NTSR1 and ERs in the Pituitary–Gonadal Axis of Cycling and Postnatal Female Rats after BPA Treatment

Miriam González-Gómez

Ricardo Reyes

Mª del Carmen Damas-Hernández

Xiomara Plasencia-Cruz

Ibrahim González-Marrero

Rafael Alonso

and

Aixa R. Bello

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(8), 7418; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087418 - 18 Apr 2023

Viewed by 839

Abstract

The neuropeptide neurotensin (NTS) is involved in regulating the reproductive axis and is expressed at each level of this axis (hypothalamus–pituitary–gonads). This dependence on estrogen levels has been widely demonstrated in the hypothalamus and pituitary. We focused on confirming the relationship of NTS with estrogens and the gonadal axis, using a particularly important environmental estrogenic molecule, bisphenol-A (BPA). Based on the experimental models or in vitro cell studies, it has been shown that BPA can negatively affect reproductive function. We studied for the first time the action of an exogenous estrogenic substance on the expression of NTS and estrogen receptors in the pituitary-gonadal axis during prolonged in vivo exposure. The exposure to BPA at 0.5 and 2 mg/kg body weight per day during gestation and lactation was monitored through indirect immunohistochemical procedures applied to the pituitary and ovary sections. Our results demonstrate that BPA induces alterations in the reproductive axis of the offspring, mainly after the first postnatal week. The rat pups exposed to BPA exhibited accelerated sexual maturation to puberty. There was no effect on the number of rats born per litter, although the fewer primordial follicles suggest a shorter fertile life. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endocrine Disruption and Human Diseases 2.0)

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24 pages, 2249 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Effects of Bisphenol A on Human Male Infertility: A Review of Current Epidemiological Studies

and

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(15), 12417; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241512417 - 04 Aug 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1231

Abstract

Endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs) can have a harmful effect on the human body’s endocrine system and thus adversely affect the development, reproduction, neurological, cardiovascular, and immune systems and metabolism in humans and wildlife. According to the World Health Organization, EDCs are mostly man-made and found ubiquitously in our daily lives, notably in pesticides, metals, and additives or contaminants in food and personal care products. Human exposure occurs through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a proven EDC capable of mimicking or blocking receptors and altering hormone concentrations and metabolism. Although consumed in low doses, it can stimulate cellular responses and affect the body’s functions. In humans, exposure to BPA has been correlated with the onset or development of several diseases. This literature review aimed to verify the effects of BPA on human male infertility using the most recently published literature. Thus, this review allowed us to conclude that this compound seems to have harmful effects on human male fertility, causing changes in hormonal and semen characteristics. However, these conclusions lack more robust and reproducible scientific studies. Even so, and since male infertility prevalence is increasing, preventive measures must be taken to ensure male fertility. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Endocrine Disruption and Human Diseases 2.0)

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