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Special Issue "Advancements in Cardiovascular Disease Research and Treatment Strategies"

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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Behavior, Chronic Disease and Health Promotion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 4033

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Iwona Gorczyca-Głowacka

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Guest Editor

Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
Interests: atrial fibrillation; anticoagulant therapy; stroke prevention

Dr. Beata Uziębło-Życzkowska

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Guest Editor

Department of Cardiology and Internal Diseases, Military Institute of Medicine, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: cardiovascular imaging; echocardiography; atrial fibrillation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a global epidemic and are among the most impressive demographic phenomena around the world. CVDs are the leading cause of death globally, taking an estimated 17.9 million lives each year. CVDs are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels and include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral disease, rheumatic heart disease, and other conditions. More than four out of five CVD deaths are due to heart attacks and strokes, and one-third of these deaths occur prematurely in people under 70 years of age.

Basic research and development of new therapeutic approaches used for prevention and treatment of CVDs have begun unveiling the molecular and clinical complexity of CVDs. However, it is still necessary to investigate the risk factors of CVDs in order to ameliorate patient care.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide a collection of original research articles, comprehensive reviews, and communications, highlighting the latest frontiers in basic, translational, and clinical research. Acceptable topics include the use of new technologies in diagnosis and treatment of CVDs. Particular interest will be given to genetic, molecular, clinical, and immune biomarkers, as well as to novel invasive tools.

Dr. Iwona Gorczyca-Głowacka
Dr. Beata Uziębło-Życzkowska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

atherosclerosis
cardiovascular disease
coronary artery diseases
peripheral artery disease
risk factors
thromboembolic disease

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Anticoagulant Treatment in Patients with AF and Very High Thromboembolic Risk in the Era before and after the Introduction of NOAC: Observation at a Polish Reference Centre

Bernadetta Bielecka

Iwona Gorczyca-Głowacka

Agnieszka Ciba-Stemplewska

and

Beata Wożakowska-Kapłon

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(12), 6145; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20126145 - 16 Jun 2023

Viewed by 830

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of stroke. Therefore, patients with AF require appropriate management and anticoagulant therapy. To balance therapy risks and benefits, oral anticoagulants (OAC) treatment should be ‘tailored’ in patients at a high risk of stroke and bleeding. However, some studies have demonstrated that certain groups of patients do not receive anticoagulants despite the high risk of stroke or thromboembolism. The study aimed to analyse therapeutic methods of stroke prevention in very high-risk patients (CHA₂DS₂-VASc score of ≥5 in men and ≥6 in women), identify factors predisposing against the use of OACs and assess the administration of anticoagulants before the introduction of non-vitamin K antagonist OAC (NOAC) in 2004–2011 and beyond (years 2012–2019). The analysis covered 2441 patients with AF at a very high thromboembolic risk who were hospitalised in a reference cardiological centre from 2004 to 2019. Data concerning patients’ sex, age, comorbidities, type of AF, renal and echocardiographic parameters, reasons for hospitalisation and applied treatment were collected from medical records. HAS-BLED, CHADS₂, and CHA₂DS₂-VASc scores were calculated for all patients. The treatment with oral anticoagulants was compared in the entire population over 2004–2011 and 2012–2019. In this study, a fifth of patients were not treated with OAC. Most patients hospitalised in the years 2012–2019 were treated with OAC. The predictors of not using OAC turned out to be: age of >74 years, heart failure, cancer, paroxysmal AF, and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or elective coronary angiography/percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as a reason for hospitalisation. The introduction of NOAC was associated with a decline in the use of VKA (from 62% to 19.1%) and APT (from 29.1% to 1.3%). This study outlines reasons to initiate OAC treatment in very high-risk patients in clinical practice. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Cardiovascular Disease Research and Treatment Strategies)

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Open AccessArticle

The Importance of a Distance between the Lines Encircling Pulmonary Veins in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation on First-Pass Isolation Ratio and Clinical Outcomes

Krystian Krzyżanowski

Marek Kiliszek

Beata Uziębło-Życzkowska

Magdalena Smalc-Stasiak

Aleksandra Winkler

and

Paweł Krzesiński

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(7), 5250; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20075250 - 24 Mar 2023

Viewed by 1102

Abstract

Introduction: How wide the encircling line is made may influence the outcomes of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). In the present study we hypothesised that the distance between the lines encircling the pulmonary veins may correspond with the extent of wide antral circumferential ablation (WACA). The aim of the study was to assess the impact of the distance and the area between the lines on the posterior wall of the left atrium on first-pass isolation rate and 12-month freedom from atrial arrhythmia in patients undergoing PVI ablation. Methods and results: One hundred sixteen patients underwent circumferential ablation index (AI)-guided PVI. The distance between the encircling ablation lines was measured off-line between the uppermost points (right and left) and the lowest points and as the area between the encircling lines on the posterior wall. The first-pass isolation rate and 12-month freedom from atrial arrhythmia were 59% and 73%, respectively. Distance between the encircling lines measured linearly or as the area of the posterior wall, assessed as direct values or indexed to left atrial dimensions, did not differ between patients with and without first-pass isolation or between patients with and without recurrences of atrial arrhythmia. Conclusions: The distance between the ablation lines did not influence the rate of first-pass isolation and arrhythmia recurrence in the long-term follow-up after PVI procedures incorporating the ablation index protocol. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Cardiovascular Disease Research and Treatment Strategies)

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Open AccessArticle

Coronary Artery Disease and Inflammatory Activation Interfere with Peripheral Tissue Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy Characteristics—Initial Report

Krzysztof J. Filipiak

Anna Olasińska-Wiśniewska

and

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2745; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032745 - 03 Feb 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 993

Abstract

Background: The electrical properties of cells and tissues in relation to energy exposure have been investigated, presenting their resistance and capacitance characteristics. The dielectric response to radiofrequency fields exhibits polarization heterogeneity under pathological conditions. The aim of the study was to analyze the differences in changes in resistance and capacitance measurements in the range from 1 kHz to 1 MHz, combined with an assessment of the correlation between the results of electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and inflammatory activation. Methods: In the prospective study, EIS was performed on the non-dominant arm in 29 male patients (median (Q1–Q3) age of 69 (65–72)) with complex coronary artery disease and 10 male patients (median (Q1–Q3) age of 66 (62–69)) of the control group. Blood samples were collected for inflammatory index analysis. Results: The logistic regression analysis revealed a negative correlation with inflammatory indexes, including neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the CAD group in the frequency of 30 kHz (p = 0.038, r = −0.317) regarding EIS resistance measurements and a positive correlation in CAD group in the frequency of 10 kHz (p = 0.029, r = −0.354) regarding EIS capacitance. Conclusions: The bioelectric characteristics of peripheral tissues measured by resistance and capacitance in EIS differ in patients with coronary artery disease and in the control group. Electrical impedance spectroscopy reveals a statistically significant correlation with inflammatory markers in patients with CAD. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Cardiovascular Disease Research and Treatment Strategies)

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Open AccessArticle

Impact of Air Pollution and COVID-19 Infection on Periprocedural Death in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Janusz Sielski

Małgorzata Anna Jóźwiak

Karol Kaziród-Wolski

Zbigniew Siudak

and

Marek Jóźwiak

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(24), 16654; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416654 - 11 Dec 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 751

Abstract

Air pollution and COVID-19 infection affect the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. The impact of these factors on the course of ACS treatment is not well defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of air pollution, COVID-19 infection, and selected clinical factors on the occurrence of perioperative death in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) by developing a neural network model. This retrospective study included 53,076 patients with ACS from the ORPKI registry (National Registry of Invasive Cardiology Procedures) including 2395 COVID-19 (+) patients and 34,547 COVID-19 (−) patients. The neural network model developed included 57 variables, had high performance in predicting perioperative patient death, and had an error risk of 0.03%. Based on the analysis of the effect of permutation on the variable, the variables with the greatest impact on the prediction of perioperative death were identified to be vascular access, critical stenosis of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) or left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Air pollutants and COVID-19 had weaker effects on end-point prediction. The neural network model developed has high performance in predicting the occurrence of perioperative death. Although COVID-19 and air pollutants affect the prediction of perioperative death, the key predictors remain vascular access and critical LMCA or LAD stenosis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancements in Cardiovascular Disease Research and Treatment Strategies)

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Special Issue "Advancements in Cardiovascular Disease Research and Treatment Strategies"

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