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Social Determinants in Oral Health
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Social Determinants in Oral Health

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Oral Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 February 2021) | Viewed by 9807

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Gianrico Spagnuolo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: oral medicine; dental materials; operative dentistry; oral health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andrés Alonso Agudelo-Suárez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 # 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
Interests: social inequalities in oral health; qualitative research in dentistry; systematic reviews; public health dentistry; social epidemiology; migration and oral health; oral epidemiology; life course approaches in oral health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues

The World Dental Federation defines oral health as multi-faceted, including the ability to speak, smile, smell, taste, touch, chew, swallow, and convey a range of emotions through facial expressions with confidence and without pain, discomfort, and disease of the craniofacial complex. To achieve this, new approaches should be considered in order to achieve a better comprehension of the oral health conditions amongst different social groups.
Inequalities, inequities, and disparities are terms that involve the analysis of differences in health indicators according to different variables. For instance, the scientific literature has varying evidence in dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral health incidence and prevalence considering gender, social class, education level, ethnicity, migration status, and access to dental care.
In this Special Issue, we invite researchers around the world to submit different methodological and conceptual approaches that permit the increase of the scientific body about this topic (systematic reviews, epidemiological, qualitative, and mixed methods studies).

Prof. Dr. Gianrico Spagnuolo
Dr. Andrés Alonso Agudelo-Suárez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oral health
  • dental caries
  • periodontal diseases
  • dental care
  • inequalities
  • inequities
  • disparities
  • qualitative research
  • dental research
  • mixed methods

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1125 KiB  
Article
A Qualitative Study of the Health Perceptions in the Venezuelan Immigrant Population in Medellín (Colombia) and Its Conditioning Factors
by Andrés M. Murillo-Pedrozo, Eliana Martínez-Herrera, Elena Ronda-Pérez and Andrés A. Agudelo-Suárez
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(8), 3897; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18083897 - 08 Apr 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3016
Abstract
This study explored the general and oral health perceptions in the Venezuelan immigrant population in Medellín (Colombia) and its conditioning factors. A qualitative study involving Venezuelan immigrants ≥18 years with a minimum stay of six months in Colombia was conducted. Dentists, dental students, [...] Read more.
This study explored the general and oral health perceptions in the Venezuelan immigrant population in Medellín (Colombia) and its conditioning factors. A qualitative study involving Venezuelan immigrants ≥18 years with a minimum stay of six months in Colombia was conducted. Dentists, dental students, and other health professionals also participated. Semi-structured interviews (n = 17), focus groups (n = 2), and key informants’ interviews (n = 4) were utilized. The interviews and focus groups were recorded and transcribed for later narrative content analysis. A high degree of vulnerability of participants was found due to the precarious living conditions from the premigratory moment and the lack of job placement possibilities at the time of settling in Colombia, where the migratory status played a fundamental role. Among the perceived needs, the mitigation of noncommunicable diseases stood out. Poor mental health symptoms (depression and anxiety) were perceived, and oral health was not a priority. Barriers to accessing health and dental care were found. The migrant condition was found to be a determinant that affected physical, mental, and oral health and the provision of health care. This situation is of interest to the construction of public health policies that guarantee access to fundamental rights. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social Determinants in Oral Health)
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12 pages, 2257 KiB  
Article
Dental Hygienists’ Practice in Perioperative Oral Care Management According to the Japanese Dental Hygienists Survey 2019
by Yoshiaki Nomura, Yuki Ohara, Yuko Yamamoto, Ayako Okada, Noriyasu Hosoya, Nobuhiro Hanada and Noriko Takei
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(1), 114; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010114 - 26 Dec 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2282
Abstract
Perioperative oral care management is effective in the prevention of postoperative complications, and dental hygienists play an important role. The aim of this study was to elucidate the practice and substantial role of dental hygienists in perioperative oral care management. The Japan Dental [...] Read more.
Perioperative oral care management is effective in the prevention of postoperative complications, and dental hygienists play an important role. The aim of this study was to elucidate the practice and substantial role of dental hygienists in perioperative oral care management. The Japan Dental Hygienists Association conducted a survey of the employment status of Japanese dental hygienists in 2019. Questionnaires were distributed to all 16,722 members, and 8932 were returned (collection rate: 53.4%). A total of 3560 dental hygienists were working at dental clinics and 1450 (38.2%) were performing perioperative oral care management. More than 90% of them implemented conventional oral care practice. Less than half of the dental hygienists implemented treatment concerning oral functions. Only 9.9% of dental hygienists recognized shortened hospital stay as an effect of perioperative oral care management. Dental hygienists who implemented both nutritional instruction and training of swallowing function or mouth rinsing instructions recognized the shortened hospital stay effect. Overall implementation of perioperative oral care management led to shortened hospital stay. Implementation of perioperative oral care management required knowledge and skills related to systemic health conditions. A stepwise educational program is necessary for perioperative oral care management to become commonplace for dental hygienists. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social Determinants in Oral Health)
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10 pages, 327 KiB  
Article
Relationship between Socioeconomic Inequalities and Oral Hygiene Indicators in Private and Public Schools in Karachi: An Observational Study
by Tamsal Khalid, Syed Sarosh Mahdi, Mariam Khawaja, Raheel Allana and Francesco Amenta
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(23), 8893; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238893 - 30 Nov 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2921
Abstract
Background: The study investigated the relationship between socioeconomic status and oral hygiene indicators in two schools located in Karachi, Pakistan. Oral hygiene indicators of public and private school children were compared. Private schools cater to children of relatively wealthier families compared to public [...] Read more.
Background: The study investigated the relationship between socioeconomic status and oral hygiene indicators in two schools located in Karachi, Pakistan. Oral hygiene indicators of public and private school children were compared. Private schools cater to children of relatively wealthier families compared to public school, whose attendees are generally children from less affluent backgrounds. The aim of this study was to determine whether socio-economic differences and inequalities have an impact on key oral hygiene indicators. Methodology: Primary data for this research was collected from community school visits conducted by the community dentistry department of Jinnah Medical and Dental and Medical College from January to September 2019. A convenience sample of the two schools, comprising 300 school students was selected. Data was collected using modified World Health Organization (WHO) oral health care forms. A pre-tested/customized dental hygiene form based on WHO forms was created by the research team. This form was used to measure DMFT/dmft scores and key oral hygiene indicators in the sample. Results: A total sample size of 300 school-children affiliated with public and private schools was selected. The children’s age ranged from 2 to 18 years. The mean DMFT scores of private and public-school children were not significantly different (private (1.82) vs. public (1.48)). (p = 0.257). The mean of carious teeth was 1.69 in private school children compared to 1.34 in government school children, whereas the mean values of other key indicators of oral hygiene including plaque deposition (p = 0.001), dental stains (p < 0.001) and bleeding gums/gingivitis (p < 0.001), were statistically significant between public and private school children. Conclusion: Oral health inequalities can be reduced with increased awareness and public funding to cater for the oral health needs of children of less affluent families. A dynamic and practical community-oriented program is fundamental for enhancing pediatric oral hygiene status, particularly for children attending government schools. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Social Determinants in Oral Health)
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