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Research on Diet, Nutrition and Chronic Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Behavior, Chronic Disease and Health Promotion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2023) | Viewed by 9918

Special Issue Editor

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasilia, Brazil
Interests: diet; cancer; obesity; pregnancy and nutrition

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to combine discoveries in nutrition, diet, eating patterns, and the development or treatment of chronic diseases in all life course stages, and based on your expertise in this field, we think you could make an excellent contribution.

Our goal is to bring together bright minds to give scientific data that are idea-focused on nutrition, diet, and chronic diseases, to foster learning, inspiration, and wonder—and provoke conversations that matter.

IJERPH is fully open access. Open access (unlimited and free access by readers) increases publicity and promotes more frequent citations, as indicated by several studies. Open access is supported by the authors and their institutes. Please note that a “waived publication charge” will be considered if the manuscript is submitted on or before 31 October 2023.

For any further queries, please do not hesitate to contact us. We will be happy to help, and we look forward to receiving your submission.

Dr. Nathalia Pizato
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrition
  • diet
  • eating patterns
  • ultra-processed food
  • chronic diseases
  • cancer
  • obesity
  • adults
  • pregnancy
  • adolescents
  • child
  • health

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 651 KiB  
Article
Body Composition Parameters Correlate to Depression Symptom Levels in Patients Treated with Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis
by Marijana Vučković, Josipa Radić, Ela Kolak, Dora Bučan Nenadić, Mirna Begović and Mislav Radić
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2285; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032285 - 27 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1255
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the determinants of depression and nutritional status and their associations in patients treated with hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) and the differences according to the type of treatment. There were fifty-three patients treated with [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to investigate the determinants of depression and nutritional status and their associations in patients treated with hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) and the differences according to the type of treatment. There were fifty-three patients treated with maintenance HD and twenty patients treated with PD enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Body composition, anthropometric parameters, and clinical and laboratory parameters were collected for each participant. Depression was assessed with the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) and risk of malnutrition with the Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS). The results suggest a positive association between the level of depression and the percentage of fat mass and obesity parameters in PD and HD participants. Muscle mass and fat-free mass in HD, phase angle (PhA), and serum albumin levels in PD were negatively associated with the value of BDI-II. Participants treated with HD were found to have higher levels of pessimism and loss of interest in sex compared with PD. There is a need to integrate multidisciplinary psychological and nutritional assessment into the usual care of dialysis patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Diet, Nutrition and Chronic Diseases)
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16 pages, 906 KiB  
Article
Dietary Patterns, Occupational Stressors and Body Composition of Hospital Workers: A Longitudinal Study Comparing before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic
by Carlos Rodrigo Nascimento de Lira, Rita de Cássia Coelho de Almeida Akutsu, Lorene Gonçalves Coelho, Renata Puppin Zandonadi and Priscila Ribas de Farias Costa
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2166; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032166 - 25 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1903
Abstract
This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and the body composition of hospital workers subjected to occupational stressors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on sociodemographic, occupational, lifestyle, anthropometric, food consumption and occupational stress were collected before and [...] Read more.
This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary patterns and the body composition of hospital workers subjected to occupational stressors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on sociodemographic, occupational, lifestyle, anthropometric, food consumption and occupational stress were collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 218 workers from a private hospital in Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia, Brazil were included in the study. After evaluating the normality of the data, parametric or non-parametric tests were used to characterize the sample. Dietary pattern was defined with Exploratory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling was used to test the desired association. During the pandemic, work per shift increased by 8.2% (p = 0.004) and working hours > 40 h/week increased by 9.2% (p = 0.006). Despite the higher prevalence of low occupational stress (85.8% vs. 72.1%), high stress increased by 13.7% from 2019 to 2020 (p < 0.001) and 30.3% reported a positive mediating effect on the variables of body composition, body mass index (b = 0.478; p < 0.001), waist circumference (b = 0.395; p = 0.001), fat-free mass (b = 0.440; p = 0.001) and fat mass (b = −0.104; p = 0.292). Therefore, a dietary pattern containing high-calorie foods was associated with changes in the body composition of hospital workers, including occupational stressors as mediators of this relationship. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Diet, Nutrition and Chronic Diseases)
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11 pages, 722 KiB  
Article
Body Fat Is Superior to Body Mass Index in Predicting Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adolescents
by Núbia de Souza de Morais, Francilene Maria Azevedo, Ariane Ribeiro de Freitas Rocha, Dayane de Castro Morais, Sarah Aparecida Vieira Ribeiro, Vivian Siqueira Santos Gonçalves, Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini and Silvia Eloiza Priore
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2074; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032074 - 23 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1370
Abstract
Background: Excess adiposity is one of the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The purpose of this study is to compare cardiometabolic risk factors in eutrophic adolescents with a high body fat percentage (%BF) with eutrophic adolescents with [...] Read more.
Background: Excess adiposity is one of the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The purpose of this study is to compare cardiometabolic risk factors in eutrophic adolescents with a high body fat percentage (%BF) with eutrophic adolescents with adequate %BF and those with excess weight and %BF. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 1043 adolescents. This study presented power equal to 99.75%. Body fat and anthropometric, clinical and biochemical indicators were evaluated. Participants were grouped according to body composition classified by body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage. Statistical analyses were performed using R software version 4.0.2, adopting a significance level of 5%. The Mann–Whitney test, principal components analysis and logistic regression were performed. Results: It was observed that the SG was more similar to GC2 than to GC1 for both sexes, demonstrating that there was a greater similarity between these groups in relation to the evaluated factors. Higher values for TC, SBP and TG were associated with the SG when the CG1 was used as reference, controlled for sex and age. Likewise, higher TC values and lower levels of SBP, TG and LDL were related to SG when the CG2 was used as reference. Conclusion: Body fat assessment is more effective in predicting risk factors and cardiometabolic diseases than BMI alone. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Diet, Nutrition and Chronic Diseases)
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Review

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27 pages, 938 KiB  
Review
Barriers and Facilitators Related to the Adoption of Policies to Reduce Ultra-Processed Foods Consumption: A Scoping Review
by Tatiane Nunes Pereira, Gisele Ane Bortolini and Roberta de Freitas Campos
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(6), 4729; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064729 - 08 Mar 2023
Viewed by 2541
Abstract
Cost-effective regulatory and fiscal interventions are recommended to address non-communicable diseases. While some countries are advancing regarding these actions, others have found it difficult to approve them. Aim: to conduct a scoping review to answer the question “What factors have influenced the adoption [...] Read more.
Cost-effective regulatory and fiscal interventions are recommended to address non-communicable diseases. While some countries are advancing regarding these actions, others have found it difficult to approve them. Aim: to conduct a scoping review to answer the question “What factors have influenced the adoption of food taxes, front-of-pack labeling and restrictions on marketing to children?”. Methods: A scoping review was developed from four databases. Studies that described and analyzed policy processes were included. Analysis was performed to identify the barriers and enablers mentioned under the guidance of Swinburn et al., Huang et al., Mialon et al., and Kingdon. Results: 168 documents were identified, describing experiences from five regions or groups and 23 countries, which have generated 1584 examples of 52 enablers (689 examples; 43.5%) and 55 barriers (895 examples; 56.5%) that may have influenced policies. The main enablers were related to the government environment and governance and to civil society strategies. Corporate political activity strategies were the main examples of barriers. Conclusions: This scoping review consolidated barriers and facilitators related to policies aimed at reducing ultra-processed foods consumption, demonstrating that factors related to the actions of governments and civil society are the main facilitators. On the other hand, as the most interested actor in promoting the consumption of these products, the strategies adopted by the companies that produce these products constitute the main barrier to these policies in all the studied countries and should be overcome. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Diet, Nutrition and Chronic Diseases)
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Other

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18 pages, 1459 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Prevalence of Nutritional Anaemia in Brazilian Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Amanda Biete, Vivian S. S. Gonçalves, Sylvia C. C. Franceschini, Eduardo A. F. Nilson and Nathalia Pizato
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(2), 1519; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021519 - 13 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2386
Abstract
Despite the global tendency of maternal anaemia to decline, the persistence of anaemia in Brazil is an important health problem given its vulnerability to deficiencies and the significant increase in nutritional requirements during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to estimate the [...] Read more.
Despite the global tendency of maternal anaemia to decline, the persistence of anaemia in Brazil is an important health problem given its vulnerability to deficiencies and the significant increase in nutritional requirements during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of anaemia in Brazilian pregnant women through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. The systematic review was carried out according to Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses PRISMA checklist recommendations and using the following electronic databases: Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Lilacs, Scielo, Google Scholar, and CAPES Catalog of Theses and Dissertations. Studies that presented a prevalence of anaemia data in Brazilian pregnant women, considering all gestational trimesters, were included. The total sample included 12,792 pregnant women covering all gestational trimesters. The pooled prevalence of anaemia in Brazilian pregnant women was 23% (95% CI: 20–27), with the highest prevalence in the Northeast Region at 26% (95% CI 23–29), while the lowest prevalence was observed in the North Region with 17% (95% CI 14–20). Among the subgroups, no statistical difference was observed. The prevalence of anaemia status in Brazil is still classified as a moderate public health problem according to the World Health Organization maternal anaemia classification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Diet, Nutrition and Chronic Diseases)
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