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Special Issue "Breeding of Ornamental Plants – Genetic Resources, New Challenges and Prospects"

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A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Floriculture, Nursery and Landscape, and Turf".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 September 2023 | Viewed by 3564

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Dr. Marta Monder

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Guest Editor

Section of Ornamental Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), 166 Nowoursynowska Str., 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: anatomy; biodiversity; biostimulants; budding; cambium; climate change; frost resistance; genetic resources; historical roses; morphology; phenology; rhizogenesis; root cuttings; rootstock; roses; urban greening

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The open access journal Horticulturae (IF: 2.331; Q1 in Horticulture) is pleased to announce the launch of a new Special Issue entitled “Breeding of Ornamental Plants—Genetic Resources, New Challenges and Prospects”. Given your expertise in this field, we would like to invite you to contribute an article to the present Special Issue.

In recent years, the outlook on ornamental plants has undergone many changes, which has also inextricably affected the approach to their breeding.

The intensive breeding of numerous plant taxa and their hybrids lead to genetic erosion. Genetic erosion is a phenomenon that has been observed for a long time and is read out as dangerous, primarily because it reduces the ability to adapt to unfavorable conditions of both the environment and cultivation. It is therefore necessary to preserve the existing gene pool and incorporate new gene sources into breeding work.

The direction of breeding new cultivars should primarily respond to new challenges for horticulture and the environment, and these include climate change, extreme weather events, the possibility of ecological and organic cultivation, and the increasing demand for plants that tolerate urban conditions. The latter pose a particular challenge, as the urban environment is highly stressful. A second aspect is the special needs of urban gardening, e.g., well-being, street foods, food use, biodiversity, and ecology services. Others include the ability of phytoremediation and utilization of pollutions, especially air dust, heavy metal utilization, and the improvement of the urban microclimate.

The proposed Special Issue aims to present advanced studies, methods, tools, and innovations in the field of breeding of ornamentals and conservation of gene resources in new challenges. We hope to receive your contributions so as to share them with the community of researchers, students, and technicians. We hope that this invitation receives your favorable consideration and look forward to our future collaboration.

Dr. Marta Monder
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

applied genetics
conservation of gene resources
challenges of global climate changes
challenges of ecology
new genetic resources
biodiversity
urbanized areas
sustainable production and cultivation
pests
fungal diseases
pathogens

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Multivariate Assessment of Genetic Relationships between Two Streptocarpus Cultivars and Their F₁ Progenies Using Morphological Characteristics and SCoT Molecular Markers

Monica Hârţa

Doina Clapa

Mihaiela Cornea-Cipcigan

Orsolya Borsai

Rodica Pop

and

Mirela Irina Cordea

Horticulturae 2023, 9(4), 497; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9040497 - 15 Apr 2023

Viewed by 493

Abstract

Streptocarpus is a very popular houseplant with colorful flowers, and has thus piqued the curiosity of plant enthusiasts and breeders. In this study, “Natalie” and “Bristol’s Gum Drop” were artificially hybridized to study the influence of the parental reciprocal crosses (P1×P2 and P2×P1) on vegetative and generative morphological traits of F₁ progeny. Mean comparisons for morphological characters of parents and F₁ plants from both crosses revealed that F₁ plants were able to express hybrid vigor for several valuable morphological characteristics. Pearson correlations showed both significant negative and positive correlations between morphological traits of F₁ plants from P1×P2 cross, while in the case of P2×P1 no significant negative correlations were observed (p < 0.05). The Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) genetic profiles of the F₁ plants with the identifiers P1×P2.19 and P1×P2.35 were remarkably similar, and they grouped with the maternal parent in a small group, supporting the findings of clustering based on morphological data. The parental combination P2×P1 revealed the presence of closely related progenies to the paternal parent, namely P2×P1.16 and P2×P1.5. Two F₁ plants named P1×P2.33 and P2×P1.21 were selected based on their phenotypic characteristics and SCoT molecular fingerprinting. These selected genotypes will be tested in our future breeding programs with the aim to create and promote new valuable Streptocarpus cultivars. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breeding of Ornamental Plants – Genetic Resources, New Challenges and Prospects)

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Open AccessArticle

Transcriptome Analysis of Ethylene Response in Chrysanthemum moriflolium Ramat. with an Emphasis on Flowering Delay

and

Horticulturae 2023, 9(4), 428; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9040428 - 25 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 605

Abstract

Ethylene is a gaseous phytohormone that delays flowering in Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. To date, however, there have been no systematic studies on genes involved in the ethylene response of this species, and the mechanism underlying ethylene-delayed flowering remains unclear. Herein, we applied RNA sequencing to characterize the ethylene response by comparing the transcriptomes of chrysanthemum cultivar ‘Jinba’ with or without ethephon treatment. Six unique RNA-seq libraries were generated. The identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) primarily involved ethylene, auxin, and abscisic acid signaling genes; circadian clock genes; genes encoding functional proteins associated with floral transition, such as homologs of AP1/FRUITFUL-like 1 (AFL1), TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1), and so on; and genes encoding transcription factors, specifically of the MYB and bHLH families. Furthermore, quantitative RT-PCR was used to verify the DEGs identified by RNA-seq. Heterologous CmAFL1 overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in early flowering. Our findings present a landscape of transcriptomes and reveal the candidate genes involved in the ethylene-mediated regulation of flowering time in chrysanthemum, providing useful data for further studies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breeding of Ornamental Plants – Genetic Resources, New Challenges and Prospects)

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Open AccessArticle

Identification and Characterization of CCD Gene Family in Rose (Rosa chinensis Jacq. ‘Old Blush’) and Gene Co-Expression Network in Biosynthesis of Flower Scent

Fangfang Ji

Jie Wu

and

Zhao Zhang

Horticulturae 2023, 9(1), 115; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9010115 - 15 Jan 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 857

Abstract

Rose (Rosa sp.) is a widely used raw material for essential oil extraction and fragrance production. The carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases pathway is one of the main metabolic pathways for the degradation of carotenoids, which is located downstream of the terpenoids biosynthesis pathway and is closely related to the biosynthesis of volatile compounds. We performed a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the rose CCD family genes (RcCCDs) in terms of phylogeny, sequence characterization, gene structure, gene duplication events, and transcriptome. Finally, 15 CCD family members were identified from the rose genome, and they were classified into three clades: nine for the CCD clade, four for the NCED clade, and two for the CCD-LIKE clade. The RcCCDs were distributed on chromosomes 1, 4, 5, 6, and 7, and were concentrated on both ends of the chromosomes. RcCCDs did not have paralogous genes or whole genome duplication events (WGD), eleven of them were single-copy genes, and their repetitive sequences were mainly dispersed and tandem. Ten RcCCDs were differentially expressed in the transcriptomes of different flowering stages. The expression of four of them increased and then decreased, which was the same process as the accumulation of volatile compounds, and it was speculated that these genes might be involved in the biosynthesis of volatile compounds. A total of fifteen modules were obtained by weighted gene co-expression network analysis of eighteen volatile compounds-related genes, of which six modules were a highly significant positive correlation with volatile compounds, and 20 hub genes in the modules were predicted. These hub genes all exercised their functions in the early flowering stage with strict temporal specificity. This study provided a theoretical basis for further exploring the biological functions of RcCCDs and hub genes regulating the synthesis and metabolism of volatile compounds in rose. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breeding of Ornamental Plants – Genetic Resources, New Challenges and Prospects)

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Open AccessArticle

Selection of Mulberry Genotypes from Northern Serbia for ‘Ornafruit’ Purposes

and

Horticulturae 2023, 9(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9010028 - 24 Dec 2022

Viewed by 1242

Abstract

The genus Morus L., mulberry, is an interesting taxonomic group on account of its existing genetic variability, functional food potential and commercial importance. Mulberry trees are found in a wide range of areas in Serbia, accounting for a large phenotypic diversity in its genetic resources. Tree and fruit characteristics of more than 300 mulberry specimens were surveyed, and 15 genotypes of Morus alba, Morus nigra and Morus rubra species were selected for further analyses. These were located at various sites in the province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The present study was undertaken to investigate the diversity of the collected material aiming to pre-select genotypes suitable for landscaping/ornamental and/or fruit production purposes. Genotypes BP 3/9, DT1, ZP3 and MR1 have semi-vigorous growth, dropping growth habits, different leaf shapes (ovate, oval, cordate) and leaf color (from light to dark green), corresponding to ornamental mulberries. In addition, the semi-vigorous genotype ZD1 with a spreading tree and interesting palmate-lobed leaves was distinguished as a unique genotype for landscaping purposes. The most vigorous annual shoot growth was detected in the ZP3 genotype (118.5 cm), followed by DT1 (108.2 cm), MR1 (101.8 cm) and ZP1 (100.5 cm) genotypes. Contrary, genotype DJ1 exhibited the lowest annual growth with only a 32.9 cm average length of the shoots. Due to the greater fruit mass (4.2–6.1 g), sweetness and acidity balance as well as chemical composition, genotypes BP 1/4, DJ1, MG, MR1, DT1 and ZP3 may be recommended for fresh consumption, while genotypes DJ1, DT1, MR1, ZD1, ZP1 and BP 3/9 could be appropriate for home processing. According to fruit chemical analyses, the most promising genotypes were MR1 and DT1 combining high soluble solids content (21.2% and 18.5%, respectively), total sugar content (17.41% and 15.20%, respectively) and ascorbic acid content (42.24 and 49.28 mg/%, respectively). Additionally, DT1 genotype was also characterized by the highest total phenolic content (221.08 mg 27 GAE/100 g fresh weight). The most ornamental genotypes from this study (BP 3/9, DT1, ZD1, ZP3 and MR1) combined with their pomological and chemical characterization can be recommended for edible gardening purposes due to both aesthetic appearance and nutritive value of the fruits. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Breeding of Ornamental Plants – Genetic Resources, New Challenges and Prospects)

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