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Horticulturae
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Advances in Asparagus Production, Genomics and Breeding
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Advances in Asparagus Production, Genomics and Breeding

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Vegetable Production Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2023) | Viewed by 12050

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Roberto Moreno

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, C-5, Cordoba 14071, Spain
Interests: plant breeding, polyploidy, genetic variability, hybridization, introgression, molecular markers, flow cytometry.
Dr. Patricia Castro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, C-5, Cordoba 14071, Spain
Interests: breeding, genetic mapping, molecular markers, polyploids
Dr. Jose V. Die

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Genetics, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, C-5, 14071 Cordoba, Spain
Interests: bioinformatics; breeding; gene expression; genetics; NGS, qPCR
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Garden asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) is an important horticultural crop with a cultivated area comparable to other vegetable crops such as garlic, carrot and eggplant. In the last few decades, a steady increase in crop yield has been boosted by the implementation of advances in crop production, protection techniques, and the development of new asparagus varieties. However, a number of biotic and abiotic stresses affect the crop, which may cause serious damage. Besides this, new challenges have recently emerged, such as the development of varieties with a high concentration of functional compounds or varieties that are suitable for other crop systems (e.g., drought conditions, organic farming). The availability of a saturated genetic map, transcriptomic data and the asparagus reference genome sequence, along with the improved bioinformatics tools, creates new prospects for the biological understanding of important agronomic traits in this crop. For this Special Issue, we welcome any original research or review articles that highlight recent advances in different disciplines related to crop production, genomics, and plant breeding.

Dr. Roberto Moreno
Dr. Patricia Castro
Dr. Jose Die
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • yield, cropping system, organic fam, genetic mapping, molecular markers, bioinformatics
  • breeding
  • gene expression
  • NGS

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2800 KiB  
Article
Studies on the Identification of Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum (Schlecht.) in Different Genetic Backgrounds of Asparagus officinalis (L.) and Its Defense Responses
by Julia Jacobi, Holger Budahn, Thomas Nothnagel and Janine König
Horticulturae 2023, 9(2), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9020158 - 27 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1634
Abstract
Due to the restricted genetic diversity among current asparagus cultivars, wild relatives are of particular interest as a source of resistance. In this study, seventeen cultivars and wild relatives were tested for their resistance to Fusarium oxysporum in the seedling test. Two isolates [...] Read more.
Due to the restricted genetic diversity among current asparagus cultivars, wild relatives are of particular interest as a source of resistance. In this study, seventeen cultivars and wild relatives were tested for their resistance to Fusarium oxysporum in the seedling test. Two isolates differing in virulence (single spore lines with high and low virulence) were used for testing. Most of the tested genotypes showed high infestation, whereby Asparagus aethiopicus caused no browning of the roots or growth depression. This wild relative was evaluated for its defence response after infection with F. oxysporum. For comparison, the wild relative Asparagus densiflorus and Asparagus officinalis cv. Thielim were tested. Like A. densiflorus, A. aethiopicus showed accumulation of hydrogen peroxide as a defence mechanism, while Asparagus officinalis cv. Thielim showed no storage of hydrogen compounds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Asparagus Production, Genomics and Breeding)
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11 pages, 1142 KiB  
Article
Genetic Variability Assessment of a Diploid Pre-Breeding Asparagus Population Developed Using the Tetraploid Landrace ‘Morado de Huétor’
by Verónica García, Patricia Castro, Teresa Millán, Juan Gil and Roberto Moreno
Horticulturae 2022, 8(10), 859; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8100859 - 21 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1279
Abstract
Different studies have reported a narrow genetic base for garden asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) due to its common origin, a diploid population (‘Purple Dutch’). The present study focused on the development of new diploid plant material that may be useful to widen [...] Read more.
Different studies have reported a narrow genetic base for garden asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) due to its common origin, a diploid population (‘Purple Dutch’). The present study focused on the development of new diploid plant material that may be useful to widen the genetic base of the crop by using a tetraploid landrace ‘Morado de Huétor’ (A. officinalis × A. maritimus). With this purpose, a diploid pre-breeding population (n = 1000) carrying introgressions of ‘Morado de Huétor’ has been obtained. This new population derived from crosses under open pollination of a parental collection (n = 77) that was developed in a previous study. The parental collection derived from the first backcrossing using different diploid cultivated plants as a recurrent parent and ‘Morado de Huétor’ as a donor. The genetic diversity of the pre-breeding population was assessed using a set of EST-SSR markers (AG7, AG8, TC1, TC3, TC7, TC9) in a collection of plants (n = 57), which was randomly sampled in the pre-breeding population. The results were compared to previous data obtained from the parental collection, a set of current diploid asparagus cultivars and the landrace ‘Morado de Huétor’. The average of PICm (Polymorphic Information Content) values obtained in the pre-breeding population (0.75) resulted higher than the value obtained in the diploid cultivars (0.63) but lower than in ‘Morado de Huétor’ (0.83). Twenty-two alleles (52.4%) detected in the new diploid population were specific from ‘Morado de Huétor’. Principal Coordinate Analyses (PCoA) revealed that the new population had a genetic diversity distribution different from the current cultivars. This new population was also evaluated for different morpho-agronomic traits (earliness, stalk number, branching height and stalk thickness) for two years. Significant differences among plants (p < 0.001) were found for these five traits and, therefore, a genotype variation is suggested. As a result, 71 plants were selected to develop a breeding base population. The genetic variability of those selected plants was also analyzed and similar genetic variability to the pre-breeding population was obtained. The results obtained in this study show that this new population could be used to enlarge the genetic base of the current diploid asparagus cultivars. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Asparagus Production, Genomics and Breeding)
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13 pages, 1226 KiB  
Article
Combining Ability and Heterosis for Market Yield in Green Asparagus
by Lucía Dolores Amato, Eugenia Alejandra Martin and Fernando Sebastián López-Anido
Horticulturae 2022, 8(6), 489; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8060489 - 01 Jun 2022
Viewed by 1697
Abstract
In asparagus, current cultivars are mostly hybrids (known as clonal hybrids) derived from crosses between two parents, female and male, with good combining ability. Despite the fact that clonal hybrids have been obtained for more than 40 years, studies of the heterosis and [...] Read more.
In asparagus, current cultivars are mostly hybrids (known as clonal hybrids) derived from crosses between two parents, female and male, with good combining ability. Despite the fact that clonal hybrids have been obtained for more than 40 years, studies of the heterosis and combining abilities involved are limited. Similarly, there are no published studies regarding the association between genetic divergence and heterosis. In this sense, we evaluated two sets of diallel crosses including 12 accessions from 11 different origins for marketable green asparagus production. Parentals were also included as a way to assess heterosis. The variation for market yield was highly significant for both sets. Best parent heterosis was over 100% in four cases. The best experimental hybrid did not significant differ from the Atticus F1 all-male check. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significant, with a relative greater contribution of the SCA than the GCA to the variation among crosses. The association between genetic distances and heterosis failed to be significant. The best experimental hybrids were obtained when UC157 and KBF (origins from the USA and the UK) were crossed to Argenteuil, Limburgia and Espárrago de Navarra (origins from France, the Netherlands and Spain). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Asparagus Production, Genomics and Breeding)
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12 pages, 1887 KiB  
Article
Effects of Mulching on Early-Spring Green Asparagus Yield and Quality under Cultivation in Plastic Tunnels
by Lifei Chen, Xiangfei Zhu, Jingli Chen, Jie Wang and Gang Lu
Horticulturae 2022, 8(5), 395; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8050395 - 01 May 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1826
Abstract
Mulching significantly increases the crop yield and quality by positively affecting the physical features of the soil. The effect of multiple mulching treatments on soil temperature, yield, and nutrient composition of green asparagus grown in a plastic tunnel was assessed. Two mulch materials: [...] Read more.
Mulching significantly increases the crop yield and quality by positively affecting the physical features of the soil. The effect of multiple mulching treatments on soil temperature, yield, and nutrient composition of green asparagus grown in a plastic tunnel was assessed. Two mulch materials: transparent plastic film (PF) and rice husk (RH), were applied and compared with non-mulching treatment (CK). The soil temperatures at the soil surface and 10 cm below it were generally higher in the PF mulch than in the CK during the spring. PF mulch accelerated early spear emergence and growth, which led to harvesting 16 days earlier than in the CK. Under the PF mulch, the early yield of spears increased by 26.6% from January to the end of March, and the annual gross income by 14.8% because of the higher price resulting from the significantly higher marketable spear length and diameter; however, they were reduced in the RH mulch. Most nutrient compositions, such as soluble sugar, ascorbic acid, rutin, flavonoid content, and total antioxidant activity, were significantly increased in the PF mulch treatment. PF mulch might benefit green asparagus production during early spring because of its ability to promote early spear emergence and growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Asparagus Production, Genomics and Breeding)
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Review

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15 pages, 356 KiB  
Review
Aspects of In Vitro Plant Tissue Culture and Breeding of Asparagus: A Review
by Carlos Lopez Encina and José Javier Regalado
Horticulturae 2022, 8(5), 439; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8050439 - 14 May 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3927
Abstract
In vitro plant tissue culture and biotechnology used to assist and support the development of plant breeding when classical methods of propagation must be accelerated or it was necessary to overcome barriers inaccessible by classical approaches. In asparagus, to improve multiple breeding tasks, [...] Read more.
In vitro plant tissue culture and biotechnology used to assist and support the development of plant breeding when classical methods of propagation must be accelerated or it was necessary to overcome barriers inaccessible by classical approaches. In asparagus, to improve multiple breeding tasks, a high number of in vitro methods have been used, such as plant regeneration methods through organogenesis, embryogenesis, manipulation of ploidy, protoplast isolation, genetic manipulation (protoplast fusion, genetic transformation), embryo rescue and germplasm preservation (in vitro, in vitro slow growth, cryopreservation). Plant tissue culture methods can overcome multiple problems in asparagus breeding such as, barriers of self and cross-incompatibility between asparagus species through embryo rescue of interspecific hybrids and protoplast fusion or genetic transformation, introgression of new genes, clonal propagation of elite genotypes of asparagus, mass screening, and the generation of haploid and polyploid genotypes, among others, becoming the tool of choice for asparagus breeding programs. Some of these in vitro methods are still under development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Asparagus Production, Genomics and Breeding)
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