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Periodontal Diseases and Oral Health
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Periodontal Diseases and Oral Health

A special issue of Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032). This special issue belongs to the section "Chronic Care".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2023) | Viewed by 9777

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Iwona Olszewska-Czyz

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Guest Editor
Department of Periodontology, Prophylaxis and Oral Pathology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Kraków, Poland
Interests: periodontology; oral pathology
Dr. Jelena Prpić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Interests: periodontology; periodontal medicine; tissue regeneration
Prof. Dr. Renata Górska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: oral pathology; periodontology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Periodontitis is one of the most common components of the global burden posed by chronic diseases and its diagnosis and treatment has come a long way from the times when the only answer to it was a tooth extraction to the present-day evidence-based guidelines. Multifactoral pathogenesis involves complex interactions among dysbiotic plaque and destructive immune responses. Epidemiological studies showed increased frequency and sevirity of periodontitis in the global population with tendency to expand with age. It has also been linked to various systemic conditions and some studies suggested that it plays a causal role in stimulating an immune-inflamatory response. If periodontitis is treated by professional bacterial biofilm control, it can be slowed down or stopped in most cases, however, if any factor affects either the local environment or the host resonse, progression of the diseases may occur. Clinicians are still seeking additional therapy tools and agents, which could be of benefit in periodontal therapy and maintain oral health.

In this Special Issue, we aim to publish some new relevant information and results from recent investigations focusing on different aspects of Periodontal Diseases including etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of different periodontal conditions in the aspect of oral and general health.

Dr. Iwona Olszewska-Czyz
Dr. Jelena Prpić
Prof. Dr. Renata Górska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Healthcare is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oral health
  • periodontitis

Published Papers (6 papers)

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12 pages, 1666 KiB  
Article
A Case Control Study Evaluating the Relationship between Vitamin K2 Serum Level and Periodontitis
by Iwona Olszewska-Czyz and Elena Firkova
Healthcare 2023, 11(22), 2937; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11222937 - 10 Nov 2023
Viewed by 866
Abstract
Background and Aim: Vitamin K2 (VK2) is an essential co-factor for bone metabolism. There is still very little data regarding possible VK2 relation to periodontitis. This study aimed to investigate any potential link between VK2 serum level and the severity of periodontitis in [...] Read more.
Background and Aim: Vitamin K2 (VK2) is an essential co-factor for bone metabolism. There is still very little data regarding possible VK2 relation to periodontitis. This study aimed to investigate any potential link between VK2 serum level and the severity of periodontitis in comparison to a control group of healthy individuals. The trial was performed on 100 patients among whom 50 were diagnosed with periodontitis. The patients underwent full clinical periodontal and radiological examination. The VK2 serum level was assessed using the ELISA kit (Gla-type osteocalcin EIA Kit, Takara, Kusatsu). Patients with periodontitis had mean serum levels of VK2 significantly lower (0.27 ± 0.06 nmol/L; p < 0.001) than the control group (0.43 ± 0.09 nmol/L; p < 0.001) regardless of the patient’s age or sex. The VK2 serum level decreased with the severity of periodontitis with the lowest level in stage IV of the disease (0.19 ± 0.01 nmol/L; p < 0.001). Also, a significant drop was noticed between the grades of periodontitis. Individuals with localized forms of the disease had significantly lower VK2 levels (0.26 ± 0.006 nmol/L; p < 0.001) in comparison to subjects with generalized periodontitis (0.30 ± 0.01 nmol/L; p < 0.001). The VK2 serum levels were also associated with most of the clinical parameters such as bleeding on probing (−0.805, 95% CI: −0.894 to −0.654, p < 0.001), attachment loss (−0.752, 95% CI: −0.862 to −0.574, p < 0.001), and bone loss (−0.656, 95% CI: −0.801 to −0.439, p < 0.001). In the present study, the VK2 serum level was correlated to periodontitis, and its severity, complexity, extension, and grade. The range of VK2 was decreasing together with the worsening of all clinical parameters of periodontitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Diseases and Oral Health)
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19 pages, 925 KiB  
Article
Relationship between the Social Development Index and Self-Reported Periodontal Conditions
by Mireya Martínez-García, Adriana-Patricia Rodríguez-Hernández, Guadalupe O. Gutiérrez-Esparza, Roberto Carlos Castrejón-Pérez, Enrique Hernández-Lemus and Socorro Aída Borges-Yáñez
Healthcare 2023, 11(11), 1548; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11111548 - 25 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1179
Abstract
Inequalities in oral health are influenced by the social strata of the population. Few studies have focused on the multitude of factors related to social development as indicators of living conditions and periodontal health status. The aim of this study is to evaluate [...] Read more.
Inequalities in oral health are influenced by the social strata of the population. Few studies have focused on the multitude of factors related to social development as indicators of living conditions and periodontal health status. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between self-reported periodontal conditions and the Social Development Index (SDI). A cross-sectional validated questionnaire was carried out among 1294 Mexican adults. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify the best predictors of self-reported periodontal conditions. Bone loss reporting was used as a proxy for the presence of periodontal disease. We found that higher global scores on the SDI and quality and available space in the home (QASH) increase the probability of having bone loss. Global SDI (OR = 7.27) and higher QASH (OR = 3.66) were indeed the leading societal factors related to periodontal disease. These results have pointed out how SDI and its indicators, in particular QASH, can be used to further explore inequities related to privileged access to dental care in the context of periodontal diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Diseases and Oral Health)
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11 pages, 751 KiB  
Article
Pilot Study: The Effectiveness of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in the Treatment of Periodontitis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
by Katarzyna Latusek, Adrianna Słotwińska-Pawlaczyk, Aleksandra Warakomska, Magdalena Kubicka-Musiał, Rafał Wiench and Bogusława Orzechowska-Wylęgała
Healthcare 2023, 11(9), 1344; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11091344 - 07 May 2023
Viewed by 1447
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with multifactorial aetiology. The relationship between periodontal disease and systemic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerotic, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive disorders has been the subject of many studies. The purpose of this study was to [...] Read more.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease with multifactorial aetiology. The relationship between periodontal disease and systemic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, atherosclerotic, cardiovascular disease, and cognitive disorders has been the subject of many studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on periodontal health in patients suffering from periodontitis and type 2 diabetes. The study was conducted with 14 patients. A total of 369 periodontal pockets in the study group and 431 in the control group were examined. For further analysis, the pockets were classified as moderately deep (4–5 mm) and deep (≥6 mm). All patients received standard non-surgical treatment: scaling and root planing (SRP). Additionally, a series of 30 hyperbaric chamber sessions was carried out in the study group. The following parameters were compared between groups: PD (probing depth), CAL (clinical attachment level), and BOP (bleeding on probing). The results of the study showed significantly better results in terms of PD reduction and CAL gain in the study group in comparison to the control group. Both groups showed a reduction in BOP (bleeding on probing) after treatment. The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy seems to have considerable benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Diseases and Oral Health)
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10 pages, 270 KiB  
Article
Prevalence and Associated Factors for Periodontal Disease among Type I and II Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Manea Musa Alahmari, Hassan M. AlShaiban and Syed E. Mahmood
Healthcare 2023, 11(6), 796; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060796 - 08 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1693
Abstract
In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is high. DM is a risk factor for periodontal disease. The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence and potential associated factors for periodontitis among type I and II DM patients in Abha, Saudi [...] Read more.
In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is high. DM is a risk factor for periodontal disease. The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence and potential associated factors for periodontitis among type I and II DM patients in Abha, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with DM who attended the Periodontal Consultant Center at King Khalid University and Aseer Central Hospital, in Abha city, from January 2020 to January 2022. A questionnaire was used to collect relevant data. Patients were assessed for the severity of periodontitis. A total of 499 DM patients were enrolled in this study. The prevalence of periodontitis was 7.4% among type I DM and 46.4% among type II DM patients. The prevalence of periodontitis was significantly associated with age among type I DM patients (p-value = 0.001) and type II DM patients (p-value = 0.001), respectively, and smoking among type I DM patients (p-value = 0.002) and among type II DM patients (p-value = 0.000), respectively. Age and smoking were the potential associated factors for the prevalence of periodontitis among type I and II DM. The study provides evidence about the prevalence of periodontitis among DM patients, creates awareness regarding the factors that potentially contribute to worsening periodontal tissues, and the importance of early diagnosis and prevention to avoid the irreversible destruction of the periodontal tissues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Diseases and Oral Health)
11 pages, 1028 KiB  
Article
CBCT Evaluation of Periapical Pathologies in Maxillary Posterior Teeth and Their Relationship with Maxillary Sinus Mucosal Thickening
by Rizwan Jouhar, Hussain Mohammed Alkhames, Muhammad Adeel Ahmed, Naji Mohammad Almadeh, Muhammad Faheemuddin and Muhammad Farooq Umer
Healthcare 2023, 11(6), 787; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11060787 - 07 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2123
Abstract
In modern dentistry, radiographic imaging is crucial for examining the connection between the maxillary sinus floor and the root apices of the maxillary posterior teeth, particularly when the periapical region is affected by pathology that could result in infectious, inflammatory, or traumatic changes [...] Read more.
In modern dentistry, radiographic imaging is crucial for examining the connection between the maxillary sinus floor and the root apices of the maxillary posterior teeth, particularly when the periapical region is affected by pathology that could result in infectious, inflammatory, or traumatic changes in the maxillary sinus. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of periapical pathologies in the maxillary posterior teeth and their relationship with maxillary sinus mucosal thickening by using cone-beam computed tomography scans. This retrospective study was conducted on 420 digitized CBCT images which were scanned in sagittal, axial, and coronal views. Out of 420 total images, 223 (53.1%) were of males and 197 (44.9%) were of females. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 28. A total of 2936 posterior maxillary teeth were tested for periapical pathology (PP), 1477 on the right side and 1459 on the left side. In terms of gender, there was no significant relationship between PP in maxillary posterior teeth on both sides and mucosal thickness of the maxillary sinus (p > 0.05). A significant relationship was found between PP in maxillary posterior teeth on both sides and maxillary sinus mucosal thickening (p < 0.05). This study concluded that the prevalence of periapical pathology in the maxillary posterior teeth was significantly associated with a rise in the incidence of maxillary sinus mucosal thickening. Moreover, the primary causative factor for the pathophysiology of the odontogenic maxillary sinus was the periapical pathology in both maxillary first molars. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Diseases and Oral Health)
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15 pages, 2017 KiB  
Systematic Review
Analgesic Efficacy of COX-2 Inhibitors in Periodontal Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Mario Alberto Isiordia-Espinoza, Eduardo Gómez-Sánchez, Itzel Joselyn Mora-Falcón, Iván Agustín Amador-Beas, Adriana Hernández-Gómez, Nicolás Addiel Serafín-Higuera and Lorenzo Franco-de la Torre
Healthcare 2023, 11(7), 1054; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11071054 - 06 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1758
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of COX-2 inhibitors versus other drugs in periodontal surgery. Two researchers searched PubMed, Google Scholar, ACM Digital, BASE, EBSCOhost, Scopus, or Web of Science for clinical trials using various [...] Read more.
The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of COX-2 inhibitors versus other drugs in periodontal surgery. Two researchers searched PubMed, Google Scholar, ACM Digital, BASE, EBSCOhost, Scopus, or Web of Science for clinical trials using various combinations of words. All articles that met the selection criteria were assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool. For data analysis, the inverse variance and mean difference statistical method was used with Review Manager 5.3 software for Windows. According to the conclusion of each study (qualitative evaluation), only one clinical trial had results in favor of a COX-2 inhibitor when compared to placebo, one clinical study informed that a COX-2 was better that an active control, four studies showed similar analgesic efficacy to active controls, and one clinical study informed the analgesic effect of one celecoxib-caffeine combination in comparison with celecoxib alone and placebo (n = 337). The COX-2 inhibitors showed a decrease in the rescue analgesic consumption (n = 138; I2 = 15%; mean difference = −0.31; 95%CIs = −0.6 to −0.01), and lower pain intensity at four hours (n = 178; I2 = 0%; mean difference = −2.25; 95%CIs = −2.94 to −1.55; p = 0.00001) when compared to active controls after periodontal surgery. In conclusion, the data indicate that COX-2 agents produce better pain relief in comparison to placebo and other drugs after periodontal surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Diseases and Oral Health)
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