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Genetic Analyses of Immune Genes in Human and Animals
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Genetic Analyses of Immune Genes in Human and Animals

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 May 2023) | Viewed by 3303

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hisham Atan Edinur

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
Interests: immunogenetics; population genetics; ancestry; wildlife DNA forensics
Dr. Nor Fazila Che Mat

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
Interests: immunology; virology; cancer; natural products

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The genetics of immunity is being studied using a wide variety of approaches and organisms, including humans and animals. In recent times, considerable efforts have been devoted to understanding how immune genes perceive and decode various pathways of diseases using advanced molecular biology techniques. This includes the understanding of immune system pathways and responses, diagnosis of diseases, and identification of variants associated with disease pathogenesis. Molecular biology techniques such as the well-established Sanger sequencing and next generation sequencing are also extensively used for studying immune genes (e.g., killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors, cytokines and human leukocyte antigens) in animals and have been shown to associate with disease susceptibility and reproductive fitness in animals. This Special Issue in Genes on “Genetic Analyses of Immune Genes in Humans and Animals” will highlight the latest immunogenetic research in humans and animals, with a special focus on but not limited to health, conservation, and ancestry. In this Special Issue, we will provide a snapshot of current research activities aiming to gain a better understanding of the role of immune genes in health and diseases.

Dr. Hisham Atan Edinur
Dr. Nor Fazila Che Mat
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Genes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • immune genes
  • health
  • immunogenetics
  • wildlife DNA analysis
  • conservation

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1011 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Origin of Emiratis as Inferred from a Family Study Based on HLA-A, -C, -B, -DRB1, and -DQB1 Genes
by Zain Al Yafei, Abdelhafidh Hajjej, Marion Alvares, Ayeda Al Mahri, Amre Nasr, Rajaa Mirghani, Ali Al Obaidli, Mohamed Al Seiari, Steven J. Mack, Medhat Askar, Hisham A. Edinur, Wassim Y. Almawi and Gehad ElGhazali
Genes 2023, 14(6), 1159; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14061159 - 26 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1433
Abstract
In this study, we investigated HLA class I and class II allele and haplotype frequencies in Emiratis and compared them to those of Asian, Mediterranean, and Sub-Saharan African populations. Methods: Two-hundred unrelated Emirati parents of patients selected for bone marrow transplantation were genotyped [...] Read more.
In this study, we investigated HLA class I and class II allele and haplotype frequencies in Emiratis and compared them to those of Asian, Mediterranean, and Sub-Saharan African populations. Methods: Two-hundred unrelated Emirati parents of patients selected for bone marrow transplantation were genotyped for HLA class I (A, B, C) and class II (DRB1, DQB1) genes using reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide bead-based multiplexing. HLA haplotypes were assigned with certainty by segregation (pedigree) analysis, and haplotype frequencies were obtained by direct counting. HLA class I and class II frequencies in Emiratis were compared to data from other populations using standard genetic distances (SGD), Neighbor-Joining (NJ) phylogenetic dendrograms, and correspondence analysis. Results: The studied HLA loci were in Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium. We identified 17 HLA-A, 28 HLA-B, 14 HLA-C, 13 HLA-DRB1, and 5 HLA-DQB1 alleles, of which HLA-A*02 (22.2%), -B*51 (19.5%), -C*07 (20.0%), -DRB1*03 (22.2%), and -DQB1*02 (32.8%) were the most frequent allele lineages. DRB1*03~DQB1*02 (21.2%), DRB1*16~DQB1*05 (17.3%), B*35~C*04 (11.7%), B*08~DRB1*03 (9.7%), A*02~B*51 (7.5%), and A*26~C*07~B*08~DRB1*03~DQB1*02 (4.2%) were the most frequent two- and five-locus HLA haplotypes. Correspondence analysis and dendrograms showed that Emiratis were clustered with the Arabian Peninsula populations (Saudis, Omanis and Kuwaitis), West Mediterranean populations (North Africans, Iberians) and Pakistanis, but were distant from East Mediterranean (Turks, Albanians, Greek), Levantine (Syrians, Palestinians, Lebanese), Iranian, Iraqi Kurdish, and Sub-Saharan populations. Conclusions: Emiratis were closely related to Arabian Peninsula populations, West Mediterranean populations and Pakistanis. However, the contribution of East Mediterranean, Levantine Arab, Iranian, and Sub-Saharan populations to the Emiratis’ gene pool appears to be minor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Analyses of Immune Genes in Human and Animals)
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14 pages, 6456 KiB  
Article
RNA-Sequencing Characterization of lncRNA and mRNA Functions in Septic Pig Liver Injury
by Jing Zhang, Zhihui Xue, Qingbo Zhao, Keke Zhang, Ao Zhou, Liangyu Shi and Yulan Liu
Genes 2023, 14(4), 945; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14040945 - 20 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1487
Abstract
We assessed differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and lncRNAs in the liver of septic pigs to explore the key factors regulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury. We identified 543 DE lncRNAs and 3642 DE mRNAs responsive to LPS. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the DE mRNAs [...] Read more.
We assessed differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs and lncRNAs in the liver of septic pigs to explore the key factors regulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced liver injury. We identified 543 DE lncRNAs and 3642 DE mRNAs responsive to LPS. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the DE mRNAs were involved in liver metabolism and other pathways related to inflammation and apoptosis. We also found significantly upregulated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-associated genes, including the receptor protein kinase receptor-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (EIF2S1), the transcription factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4). In addition, we predicted 247 differentially expressed target genes (DETG) of DE lncRNAs. The analysis of protein-protein interactions (PPI) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway detected key DETGs that are involved in metabolic pathways, such as N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 (GALNT2), argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1), and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1). LNC_003307 was the most abundant DE lncRNA in the pig liver, with a marked upregulation of >10-fold after LPS stimulation. We identified three transcripts for this gene using the rapid amplification of the cDNA ends (RACE) technique and obtained the shortest transcript sequence. This gene likely derives from the nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) gene in pigs. According to the identified DETGs of LNC_003307, we hypothesize that this gene regulates inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in LPS-induced liver damage in pigs. This study provides a transcriptomic reference for further understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying septic hepatic injury. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Analyses of Immune Genes in Human and Animals)
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