Aquatic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Breeding

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 November 2023) | Viewed by 2541

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
Interests: germplasm resources; aquatic animal breeding; genetic improvement

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
Interests: aquatic animal germplasm resources; genome; genetics and breeding; gene editing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Germplasm resources and important functional genes are important foundations for achieving germplasm innovation and promoting the development of the biological industry. High-quality germplasm resources play an indispensable role in agricultural production. The collection, preservation, excavation and utilization of germplasm resources are also conducive to the protection of species diversity. The development of biotechnology has made it possible to use molecular biology methods to study the current status of aquatic germplasm resources, and explore and utilize excellent germplasm resources which greatly accelerate the process of aquatic genetic breeding. With the increasing growth of "omics" research, a large number of new technologies in cytology, genetics, molecular engineering, and other fields have emerged, making it possible to accurately identify the phenotype and genotype of aquatic germplasm resources, explore excellent germplasm resources, and deeply analyze traits, greatly promoting the efficiency of aquatic genetic breeding.

In this Special Issue, we aim to collect articles focusing on the systematic development and genetic diversity evaluation of aquatic animal germplasm resources, the exploration and utilization of excellent gene resources, the analysis of molecular genetic regulation mechanisms for important economic traits, and the selection and application of new and superior aquatic animal varieties. These studies will be beneficial for the exploration and utilization of germplasm resources and the creation of new aquatic animal varieties.

Dr. Hongwei Liang
Prof. Dr. Zexia Gao
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • aquatic animal
  • germplasm resources
  • excavation and utilization
  • gene mining
  • genetic improvement
  • molecular-assisted breeding

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 3000 KiB  
Article
Effect of Exogenous Hormone on R-Spondin 2 (Rspo2) and R-Spondin 3 (Rspo3) Gene Expression and Embryo Development in Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)
by Jizeng Cao, Tong Zhou, Guobin Chen, Guiwei Zou and Hongwei Liang
Genes 2023, 14(7), 1466; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14071466 - 19 Jul 2023
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Abstract
The Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis, is an important aquaculture species in China that exhibits distinct sexual dimorphism; male individuals are economically more valuable than females. In vertebrates, several R-spondin family proteins have been associated with sex differentiation mechanisms; however, their involvement [...] Read more.
The Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis, is an important aquaculture species in China that exhibits distinct sexual dimorphism; male individuals are economically more valuable than females. In vertebrates, several R-spondin family proteins have been associated with sex differentiation mechanisms; however, their involvement in P. sinensis sex differentiation is unclear. Exogenous hormones such as estradiol (E2) also influence the sex differentiation of P. sinensis and induce sexual reversal. In the present study, we investigated the effects of E2 on the embryonic development of P. sinensis and the expression of R-spondin 2 (Rspo2) and R-spondin 3 (Rspo3). We amplified P. sinensis Rspo2 and Rspo3 and analyzed their expression patterns in different tissues. Comparative analyses with protein sequences from other species elucidated that P. sinensis RSPO2 and RSPO3 sequences were conserved. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis revealed that P. sinensis RSPO2 and RSPO3 were closely related to these two proteins from other turtle species. Furthermore, Rspo2 and Rspo3 were highly expressed in the brain and gonads of adult turtles, with significantly higher expression in the ovaries than in the testes (p < 0.05). We also evaluated the expression of Rspo2 and Rspo3 after the administration of three concentrations of E2 (1.0, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/mL) to turtle eggs during embryonic development. The results revealed that E2 upregulated Rspo2 and Rspo3, and the expression trends varied during different embryonic developmental stages (stages 13–20). These findings lay the groundwork for future investigations into the molecular mechanisms involved in the sex differentiation of Chinese soft-shelled turtles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquatic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Breeding)
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Review

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17 pages, 4085 KiB  
Review
Penaeid Shrimp Chromosome Studies Entering the Post-Genomic Era
by Xiaojun Zhang, Jianhai Xiang, Jianbo Yuan and Fuhua Li
Genes 2023, 14(11), 2050; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14112050 - 07 Nov 2023
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Abstract
Chromosome studies provide the foundation for comprehending inheritance, variation, systematics, and evolution. Penaeid shrimps are a group of crustaceans with great economic importance. Basic cytogenetic information obtained from these shrimps can be used to study their genome structure, chromosome relationships, chromosome variation, polyploidy [...] Read more.
Chromosome studies provide the foundation for comprehending inheritance, variation, systematics, and evolution. Penaeid shrimps are a group of crustaceans with great economic importance. Basic cytogenetic information obtained from these shrimps can be used to study their genome structure, chromosome relationships, chromosome variation, polyploidy manipulation, and breeding. The study of shrimp chromosomes experienced significant growth in the 1990s and has been closely linked to the progress of genome research since the application of next-generation sequencing technology. To date, the genome sequences of five penaeid shrimp species have been published. The availability of these genomes has ushered the study of shrimp chromosomes into the post-genomic era. Currently, research on shrimp cytogenetics not only involves chromosome counting and karyotyping, but also extends to investigating submicroscopic changes; exploring genome structure and regulation during various cell divisions; and contributing to the understanding of mechanisms related to growth, sexual control, stress resistance, and genome evolution. In this article, we provide an overview of the progress made in chromosome research on penaeid shrimp. We emphasize the mutual promotion between studies on chromosome structure and genome research and highlight the impact of chromosome-level assembly on studies of genome structure and function. Additionally, we summarize the emerging trends in post-genomic-era shrimp chromosome research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquatic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Breeding)
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