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Forests
Special Issues
Carbon, Water and Energy Fluxes in Forest Ecosystems
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Special Issue "Carbon, Water and Energy Fluxes in Forest Ecosystems"

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Forest Ecology and Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 January 2024 | Viewed by 958

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Andrej Varlagin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
Interests: ecology; eddy covariance; meteorology; hydrology; plant biology; climate change; carbon cycle
Dr. Julia Kurbatova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119071, Russia
Interests: eddy covariance; meteorology; ecosystems; atmosphere; ecology; climate change
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

More than two-thirds of the world's forests are dominated by human activities, and the amount of primary forest is in precipitous decline. In Europe, 86 % of the forested area is managed with a different range of intensity. Management can change the forest canopy characteristics (biomass, leaf distribution and area index, albedo, roughness), soil properties (temperature profile, heat and water storage, nutrient and carbon stocks), and understory vegetation with significant impacts on carbon, water, and energy fluxes.

The few currently available long-term flux measurements sites of carbon (CO2 and CH4), water, and energy in undisturbed primary forests are of value for carbon and water cycles, imperiled biodiversity, carbon sequestration and storage, water provision, halting deforestation, and promoting reforestation in future.

Here, we consider primary forests to be forests of native tree species where there are no clearly visible indications of human activities, and the ecological processes are not significantly disturbed.

This Special Issue focuses on carbon (CO2 and CH4), water, and energy fluxes in undisturbed primary forests based on long-term measurements using the eddy covariance technique or chamber method.

Contribution can be related to the following:

  • Carbon, water, and energy interactions in forest ecosystems;
  • Effects of extreme climatic events (hurricanes, droughts, floods) on water, carbon cycles and forest functions;
  • Impacts and consequences of the main disturbance factors (fire, windfall, logging) on forest ecosystems.

Dr. Andrej Varlagin
Dr. Julia Kurbatova
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Forests is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • carbon fluxes
  • water fluxes
  • energy fluxes
  • eddy covariance
  • climate change
  • land cover change
  • climate change
  • primary forests

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Article
Seasonal Dynamics of Flux Footprint for a Measuring Tower in Southern Taiga via Modeling and Experimental Data Analysis
by
Andrey Sogachev
and
Andrej Varlagin
Forests 2023, 14(10), 1968; https://doi.org/10.3390/f14101968 - 28 Sep 2023
Viewed by 213
Abstract
This paper reports on the location of sources contributing to a point flux measurement in the southern taiga, Russia. The measurement tower is surrounded by a coniferous forest with a mean aerodynamically active height of 27 m (h). Aerodynamical parameters of [...] Read more.
This paper reports on the location of sources contributing to a point flux measurement in the southern taiga, Russia. The measurement tower is surrounded by a coniferous forest with a mean aerodynamically active height of 27 m (h). Aerodynamical parameters of the forest, such as displacement height d and aerodynamic roughness z0, derived from wind speed profile measurements for 2017–2019, were used to estimate the seasonal and daily behavior of the flux footprint. Two analytical footprint models by Schuepp et al. and by Kormann and Meixner driven by d and z0 were used to estimate the footprint for canopy sources. The Lagrangian simulation (LS) approach driven by flow statistics from measurements and modeling was used to estimate the footprint for ground-located sources. The Flux Footprint Prediction (FFP) tool for assessing canopy flux footprint (Kljun et al.) applied as the option in the EddyPro v.7 software was inspected against analytical and LS methods. For model comparisons, two parameters from estimated footprint functions were used: the upwind distance (fetch) of the peak contribution in the measured flux (Xmax) and the fetch that contributed to 80% of the total flux (CF80). The study shows that Xmax varies slightly with season but relies on wind direction and time of day. All methods yield different Xmax values but fall in the same range (60–130 m, around 2–5 h); thus, they can estimate the maximum influence distance with similar confidence. The CF80 values provided by the FFP tool are significantly lower than the CF80 values from other methods. For instance, the FFP tool estimates a CF80 of about 200 m (7 h), whereas other methods estimate a range of 600–1100 m (25–40 h). The study emphasizes that estimating the ground source footprint requires either the LS method or more complex approaches based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques. These findings have essential implications in interpreting eddy-flux measurements over the quasi-homogeneous forest. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon, Water and Energy Fluxes in Forest Ecosystems)
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Article
Understanding Soil Respiration Dynamics in Temperate Forests in Northwestern Mexico
by
José Alexis Martínez-Rivas
,
Benedicto Vargas-Larreta
,
Jorge Omar López-Martínez
,
Cristóbal Gerardo Aguirre-Calderón
,
Francisco Javier Hernández
and
Gregorio Ángeles-Pérez
Forests 2023, 14(9), 1763; https://doi.org/10.3390/f14091763 - 31 Aug 2023
Viewed by 371
Abstract
Temperate mixed forests in Mexico are considered highly important ecosystems because of their high levels of biodiversity and capacity to store carbon. The aim of this study was to evaluate temporal and between-forest soil respiration (CO2 efflux) variability, and to assess the [...] Read more.
Temperate mixed forests in Mexico are considered highly important ecosystems because of their high levels of biodiversity and capacity to store carbon. The aim of this study was to evaluate temporal and between-forest soil respiration (CO2 efflux) variability, and to assess the effect of vegetation diversity metrics on soil CO2 fluxes in mixed-uneven-aged forests in Durango, Northwestern Mexico. Soil CO2 efflux, soil moisture, and soil temperature were measured in three temperate forest types. A generalized linear model (GLM) was fitted to analyze the relationship between soil CO2 fluxes and stand variables, diversity metrics, soil moisture, and soil temperature. Furthermore, a two-way analysis of variance was used to assess the effect of forest type, month of the year, and their interaction on soil respiration. Annual average, minimum, and maximum soil CO2 efflux rate values were 3.81 (±2.94), 2.28 (±1.47), and 7.97 (±2.94) µmol m−2 s−1, respectively. Soil respiration was positively related to species richness, aboveground biomass, and quadratic mean diameter; however, forest type did not contribute to understanding the dynamics of soil CO2 fluxes. The results highlight the importance of seasonality, species diversity and aboveground biomass stocks to preserve the ecosystem processes driving soil respiration in temperate forests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon, Water and Energy Fluxes in Forest Ecosystems)
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