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Fluids
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Focus on Supercritical Fluids: Control and Extraction
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Focus on Supercritical Fluids: Control and Extraction

A special issue of Fluids (ISSN 2311-5521). This special issue belongs to the section "Non-Newtonian and Complex Fluids".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2024) | Viewed by 5783

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maša Knez Marevci

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
Interests: phase equlibria; extraction; biologically active substances; biomaterials; sub- and supercritical fluids; isolation, fractionation; chromatographic techniques; formulations; product design
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Darija Cör Andrejč

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia
Interests: supercritical fluids; supercritical fluid extraction; conventional extractions; separation processes; product formulations; bioactivity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The use of subcritical (SubFs) and supercritical fluids (SCFs) as processing media enables processes at lower operating temperatures without organic solvent residues, and requires lower energy consumption than conventional methods. The final products are solvent-free. Considering these qualities, SCFs could certainly be applied as a replacement for conventional solvents in extractive and non-extractive processes, as nontoxic, inexpensive, non-flammable, and non-polluting solvents. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is a relatively new, innovative and promising separation process in which solids or liquids are processed with SCF to extract soluble compounds from mixtures.

The main objective of this Special Issue is to discuss SubF and SCF and related processes. The focus is on sub- and supercritical extraction, fractionation, and the purification of bioactive compounds and their bioactive activity. 

Dr. Maša Knez Marevci
Dr. Darija Cör Andrejč
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fluids is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • supercritical fluids
  • supercritical extraction
  • bioactive compounds
  • bioactive activity
  • applicability
  • advantages
  • limitations
  • disadvantages

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 3270 KiB  
Article
Bioactive Fractions Isolated from By-Products of the Guava (Psidium guajava) and Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Agri-Food Industry
by Leidy J. Cerón-Martínez, Andrés M. Hurtado-Benavides, Alfredo Ayala-Aponte, Liliana Serna-Cock and Diego F. Tirado
Fluids 2023, 8(9), 256; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8090256 - 21 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1054
Abstract
Valorizing agri-food industrial waste is essential for a circular economy, yielding high-value products, waste reduction, technological solutions, employment opportunities, and enhanced food security. This work shows the valorization of seeds generated as residues from the agri-food industries of guava pera (Psidium guajava [...] Read more.
Valorizing agri-food industrial waste is essential for a circular economy, yielding high-value products, waste reduction, technological solutions, employment opportunities, and enhanced food security. This work shows the valorization of seeds generated as residues from the agri-food industries of guava pera (Psidium guajava) and Tommy Atkins mango (Mangifera indica L.), through extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). After the optimization of the initial solid condition of the raw material (i.e., particle size and moisture content), scCO2 pressure and temperature were established through the response surface methodology (RSM) to obtain an oily extract with the highest content in bioactive compounds of commercial relevance, as well as with a high antioxidant capacity. The total amount of oily extract in guava and mango seeds was 14% and 9%, respectively, while the maximum recovery of supercritical extract was 95% from guava seeds at 38 MPa and 50 °C, and 88% from mango seeds at 37 MPa and 63 °C. Bioactive fractions rich in squalene, γ-tocopherol, α-tocopherol, campesterol, β-sitosterol, and stigmasterol were obtained. The best supercritical extraction conditions, in terms of the bioactive fractions richest in minor compounds, were at 17 MPa and 50 °C for guava seeds and at 23 MPa and 63 °C for mango seeds. At these conditions, the highest antioxidant capacities were also found for the extracts. Thus, these bioactive fractions could be used in a variety of products in the cosmetic, food, pharmaceutical, and medical activities due to the beneficial properties of the identified compounds in health as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, and cholesterol reducers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focus on Supercritical Fluids: Control and Extraction)
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19 pages, 7721 KiB  
Article
Control of MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of a Micropolar Fluid through Porous Media in a Horizontal Channel
by Miloš Kocić, Živojin Stamenković, Jelena Petrović and Jasmina Bogdanović-Jovanović
Fluids 2023, 8(3), 93; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8030093 - 08 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1337
Abstract
The problem considered in this paper is a steady micropolar fluid flow in porous media between two plates. This model can be used to describe the flow of some types of fluids with microstructures, such as human and animal blood, muddy water, colloidal [...] Read more.
The problem considered in this paper is a steady micropolar fluid flow in porous media between two plates. This model can be used to describe the flow of some types of fluids with microstructures, such as human and animal blood, muddy water, colloidal fluids, lubricants and chemical suspensions. Fluid flow is a consequence of the constant pressure gradient along the flow, while two parallel plates are fixed and have different constant temperatures during the fluid flow. Perpendicular to the flow, an external magnetic field is applied. General equations of the problem are reduced to ordinary differential equations and solved in the closed form. Solutions for velocity, microrotation and temperature are used to explain the influence of the external magnetic field (Hartmann number), the characteristics of the micropolar fluid (coupling and spin gradient viscosity parameter) and the characteristics of the porous medium (porous parameter) using graphs. The results obtained in the paper show that the increase in the additional viscosity of micropolar fluids emphasizes the microrotation vector. Moreover, the analysis of the effect of the porosity parameter shows how the permeability of a porous medium can influence the fluid flow and heat transfer of a micropolar fluid. Finally, it is shown that the influence of the external magnetic field reduces the characteristics of micropolar fluids and tends to reduce the velocity field and make it uniform along the cross-section of the channel. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focus on Supercritical Fluids: Control and Extraction)
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16 pages, 3628 KiB  
Article
A Meshless Algorithm for Modeling the Gas-Dynamic Interaction between High-Inertia Particles and a Shock Layer
by Andrey Sposobin and Dmitry Reviznikov
Fluids 2023, 8(2), 53; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8020053 - 02 Feb 2023
Viewed by 918
Abstract
This paper is devoted to numerical modeling of a supersonic flow around a blunt body by a viscous gas with an admixture of relatively large high-inertia particles that, after reflection from the surface, may go beyond the shock layer and change the flow [...] Read more.
This paper is devoted to numerical modeling of a supersonic flow around a blunt body by a viscous gas with an admixture of relatively large high-inertia particles that, after reflection from the surface, may go beyond the shock layer and change the flow structure dramatically. To calculate the gas-dynamic interaction of moving particles with the shock layer, it is important to take into account the large difference in scales of the flow around the particles and around the body. To make the computations effective, we use a meshless method to solve non-stationary Navier–Stokes equations. The algorithm is based on the approximation of partial derivatives by the least squares method on a set of nodes distributed in the calculation area. Each moving particle is surrounded by a cloud of calculation nodes belonging to its domain and moving with it in space. The algorithm has been tested on the problem of the motion of a single particle and a pair of particles in a supersonic flow around a sphere. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focus on Supercritical Fluids: Control and Extraction)
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Review

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41 pages, 6952 KiB  
Review
Adsorption of Precursors on Substrates in the Presence of scCO2 for the Synthesis of Supported Metallic Nanoparticles: Experiments and Modeling
by Marlene Crone and Michael Türk
Fluids 2023, 8(4), 121; https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids8040121 - 03 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1732
Abstract
Supercritical fluid reactive deposition is an environmentally friendly technique for the synthesis of supported mono- or bimetallic nanoparticles. Experimental results show that the adsorption of a precursor on a substrate is the crucial process step that controls the loading and the size of [...] Read more.
Supercritical fluid reactive deposition is an environmentally friendly technique for the synthesis of supported mono- or bimetallic nanoparticles. Experimental results show that the adsorption of a precursor on a substrate is the crucial process step that controls the loading and the size of the deposited metal nanoparticles. In this review, an overview of experimental and modeling work is given and selected experimental data were correlated with the following adsorption isotherm models: Henry, Freundlich, Langmuir, Toth, and Langmuir–Freundlich equations. As a result, in the case of precursors with a low CO2 solubility and therewith low uptake, the adsorption behavior can be described with sufficient accuracy by the Henry approach. Furthermore, the Freundlich and Langmuir equations enable sufficiently accurate descriptions of the experimental data. In the end, strategies for overcoming the knowledge gaps for essential future research directions are suggested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Focus on Supercritical Fluids: Control and Extraction)
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