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A special issue of Fire (ISSN 2571-6255). This special issue belongs to the section "Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation of Combustion and Fire".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2023 | Viewed by 3773

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Yanming Ding

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Guest Editor

Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
Interests: fire numerical simulation; solid pyrolysis and fire spread; fire-resistance of structures; wildland fire-induced geological disasters

Dr. Kazui Fukumoto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Interests: computational fluid dynamics; fire; combustion; heat and mass transfer

Dr. Jiaqing Zhang

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Guest Editor

Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Electric Fire and Safety Protection and State Grid Laboratory of Fire Protection for Transmission and Distribution Facilities, State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute, Hefei, China
Interests: electric fire; cable fire; fire safety of UHV converter station/substation; fire safety issues in energy utilization; fire numerical simulation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fire numerical simulation plays an important role in fire research. It takes advantage of the advances in mathematics, modeling and computing to capture the underlying physics of complex fire problems and predict fire behaviors at various scales. In addition to experiments, fire numerical simulation allows us to further understand fire and to prevent and contain it. Recently, with the development of the numerical simulation method and computing power, fire numerical simulation has faced new opportunities and challenges.

This Special Issue aims to present the recent state-of-art of fire numerical simulation, the development of fire sub-models and new physics findings based on fire numerical simulations.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

Current development and application of fire numerical simulation tools;
Newly developed fire sub-models;
Physics findings based on fire numerical simulation;
Case studies with fire numerical simulation to reproduce the real fire scenarios;
Evacuation and human behavior numerical simulation in fires;
Fire suppression numerical simulation;
Numerical simulation regarding fire resistance of structures;
Wildland fire-induced geological disaster numerical simulation.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Yanming Ding
Dr. Kazui Fukumoto
Dr. Jiaqing Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fire is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

fire simulation
fire sub-models
fire spread
smoke spread
fire suppression
FireFOAM
FDS
CFAST

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

Open AccessArticle

Numerical Simulation of Downward Flame Propagation in Discontinuous Region of Solid Fuel

and

Fire 2023, 6(5), 207; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6050207 - 17 May 2023

Viewed by 657

Abstract

This paper presents a numerical model that investigates the characteristics of flow, heat, and mass transfer on downward flame propagation in the discontinuous region of solid fuel. Simulations were carried out for various discontinuous distances to analyze the morphology of the flame front and the competition between the “jump” of flame spread and heat transfer from the flame to the unburned area. The results demonstrate that there is a “jump” in the flame propagation in the discontinuous zone, with the flame front exhibiting a defined “acute angle” that undergoes a process from large to small during the flame spreading in the discontinuous area and deflects towards the discontinuous area of the material. The temperature in the discontinuous zone reaches a peak, and the average flame spread rate initially increases and then decreases with the increase of discontinuity distance until the flame spread stops. The study provides valuable insights into the growth and development of fires involving discretely distributed combustible materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fire Numerical Simulation)

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Open AccessArticle

Numerical Simulation on the Smoke Prevention Performance of Air Curtains in an Island-Type Subway Station

and

Fire 2023, 6(5), 177; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6050177 - 26 Apr 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 625

Abstract

Subway fires are a major threat to the safe and smooth operation of subway stations. In this paper, an island-type subway station was taken as an example to conduct a series of numerical simulations using Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS). The temperature, visibility, and CO concentration in the subway station were analysed under different thicknesses and jet velocities of the air curtains. The smoke-prevention performance of the air curtains in the subway station was investigated. As the thickness and jet velocity increase, the flame tilts significantly, which greatly hinders the spread of smoke toward the stairs. The smoke temperature and CO concentration on the left side of the air curtains gradually decrease, while the visibility increases significantly. For a 3 MW fire scenario, to satisfy the evaluation criteria, the results show that the thickness of the air curtains needs to be at least 0.3 m, and the jet velocity needs to be at least 2 m/s. The sealing effectiveness (E_sealing) tends to increase and then remains constant with increasing momentum, and the maximum is obtained when the momentum of the air curtains (I_a) is 12.5 kg·m/s². Meanwhile, it is found that an energy-saving efficiency of 85.2% can be achieved by replacing positive pressure ventilation with air curtains. The results of this work can provide a significant reference for the design of smoke protection in subway stations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fire Numerical Simulation)

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Open AccessArticle

Numerical Study of the Effects of Surface Tension and Initial Volume Fraction on Gas-Liquid-Foam Three-Phase Flow Separation Process

and

Fire 2023, 6(3), 117; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6030117 - 13 Mar 2023

Viewed by 658

Abstract

Since it is low in cost and low in toxicity and has good biodegradability, gas-liquid-foam three-phase flow has been widely used in industrial fire protection. Due to the different characteristics of gas, liquid, and foam, liquid precipitation is liable to occur under static conditions, resulting in unstable performance of the mixture. To improve fire extinguishing efficiency, it is of great significance to study the separation process of gas-liquid-foam. In the present study, the effects of the surface tension (range from 0.04 to 0.07) and initial liquid volume fraction (range from 0.2 to 0.5) on the gas-liquid-foam separation process are investigated with the numerical tool Fluent. The liquid volume fraction is mainly influenced by two inverse effects: (a) the transformation of liquid into foam, and (b) the liquid drainage and bursting of foam. In the separation process, the volume fraction of small foam decreases monotonically while the volume fraction of medium and large foam increases slightly. Since the volume fraction of small foam is much greater than medium and large foam and its bursting process is dominant, the liquid volume fraction presents a monotonic increasing trend. The volume of the separated liquid increases almost linearly with time at various surface tensions and initial volume fractions, and the increase rate is about 0.004. In the range of the surface tension examined, the separation process is insensitive to the surface tension, resulting in almost the same drainage time. On the other hand, the separation process depends on the initial liquid volume fraction non-monotonically; namely, when the initial volume fraction is small, with the increase of the initial volume fraction, the liquid is more easily separated from the mixture, and when the initial volume fraction is over a critical value (about 0.4), the separation process is decelerated. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fire Numerical Simulation)

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Open AccessArticle

Simulation of RC Beams during Fire Events Using a Nonlinear Numerical Fully Coupled Thermal-Stress Analysis

Mohamed Elshorbagi

and

Mohammad AlHamaydeh

Fire 2023, 6(2), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/fire6020057 - 07 Feb 2023

Viewed by 1014

Abstract

The collapse and deterioration of infrastructures due to fire events are documented annually. These fire incidents result in multiple deaths and property loss. In this paper, a reliable and practical numerical methodology was introduced to facilitate the whole process of fire simulations and increase the practicality of performing comprehensive parametric studies in the future. These parametric studies are crucial for understanding the factors that affect thermal–structural responses and avoiding the high cost of destructive tests. The proposed algorithm comprises a fully nonlinear coupled thermal-stress analysis involving thermal and structural material nonlinearity and the thermal–structural response during a fire. A detailed numerical modeling analysis was performed with ABAQUS to achieve the proposed algorithm. The results of the proposed numerical methodology were validated against published experimental work. The experimental work includes a full-scale RC beam loaded with working loads and standard heating conditions to simulate real-life scenarios. The tested beam failed during the fire, and its fire resistance was recorded. The results demonstrated a good correlation with the experimental results in thermal and structural responses. Moreover, this paper presents the direct coupling technique (DCT) and the advantages of using DCT over the traditional sequential coupling technique (SCT). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fire Numerical Simulation)

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