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Fermentation
Special Issues
Application of Extremophiles in Biological Degradation and Conversion
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Application of Extremophiles in Biological Degradation and Conversion

A special issue of Fermentation (ISSN 2311-5637). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbial Metabolism, Physiology & Genetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 2407

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Wei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
Interests: environmental and industrial microbiology; microbial resources and technology; (functional) genomics
Dr. Xuehua Wan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300457, China
Interests: microbiology; bioinformatics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Life in extreme environments is very challenging, and organisms’ adaptation to such harsh conditions ultimately produces valuable enzymes and metabolites vital for industrial applications. Extremophiles, especially thermophiles, are known to survive in diverse extreme conditions (such as high temperatures, high salinity, acidic and alkaline pH values, and high radiation). They harbor abundant microbial enzymes capable of tolerating extreme conditions, which have various industrial implications. As novel technologies have advanced, more insight into extremophilic bacteria has been provided based on the development of metagenomic analyses, yet more research on extremophiles’ bioconversion still needs to be investigated. Further improvement and supplementation of the research in this field will contribute to the environmentally friendly removal of organic pollutants to achieve better results.

This Research Topic aims to collect and publish high-quality research, reviews, and short communications in the relevant fields. Papers are expected to represent significant advances, bring novel insight to the field, and show application potential in industries. Although significant achievements have been made by exploiting extremophiles to remove organic compounds and uncover the underlying mechanisms, many problems still need to be solved in advancing related technology and research. In particular, interdisciplinary research is encouraged to stimulate new research directions.

This Research Topic focuses on extremophiles utilized for biodegradation, bioremediation, and resource utilization of organic compounds, with views in an in-depth understanding of functional mechanisms. This Research Topic welcomes contributions in the form of original research, review articles, short communications, and technical notes on the potential themes, including, but not limited to, the following:

Discovery and functional analysis of novel extremophiles with biodegradation/resource utilization capacity.

Deciphering unclear genetic and metabolic pathways of extremophiles for degradation of petroleum and derived organic compounds.

Metabolic products of extremophiles (biosurfactants, biopolymers, biogases, biomass, bioacids, biosolvents, etc.).

Possibilities and challenges of exploiting extremophiles in industrial applications.

Sincerely

Prof. Dr. Wei Wang
Dr. Xuehua Wan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fermentation is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • extremophiles
  • bioconversion
  • bioremediation
  • biodegradation
  • microbial metabolism

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 3366 KiB  
Article
Assembly and Source of the Lithobiontic Microbial Community in Limestone
by Jin Chen, Fangbing Li, Xiangwei Zhao, Yang Wang, Limin Zhang, Feng Liu, Dan Yang, Lingbin Yan and Lifei Yu
Fermentation 2023, 9(7), 672; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9070672 - 18 Jul 2023
Viewed by 878
Abstract
Due to its unique rock properties (e.g., porous nature, rough texture, and high calcium and magnesium content), limestone exhibits a high degree of bioreceptivity. However, the mechanisms underlying the establishment of limestone lithobiontic microbial communities (LLMCs) and the extent to which their composition [...] Read more.
Due to its unique rock properties (e.g., porous nature, rough texture, and high calcium and magnesium content), limestone exhibits a high degree of bioreceptivity. However, the mechanisms underlying the establishment of limestone lithobiontic microbial communities (LLMCs) and the extent to which their composition is influenced by the surrounding environment remain enigmatic. Herein, after collecting limestone sand samples, we applied various treatments: rain shelter (RS), organic acid (Oa), nutrients (Nut), inorganic acid (Ia), inorganic acid combined with nutrients (Ia+Nut15), and a blank control (CK). Subsequently, we sampled the treatments after a duration of 60 days. In addition, we collected rotted wood, concrete fences, and soil from the surrounding environment as microbial sources, while using treated limestone samples as microbial sinks. This study yields the following findings: (1) Limestone exhibits high bioreceptivity, allowing rapid microbial colonization within 60 days. Furthermore, compared to the surrounding environment, limestone can accommodate a greater diversity of microbial species. (2) The fungal and bacterial community compositions were explained by surrounding sources to the extent of 35.38% and 40.88%, respectively. The order of sources, in terms of contribution, is as follows: unknown sources > soil > rotted wood > concrete fences. (3) Higher concentrations of Ia and Ia+Nut15 treatments facilitate the colonization of fungi from the surrounding environment onto limestone while inhibiting bacterial colonization. (4) The process of establishing LLMCs is primarily driven by stochastic processes. However, Ia and Ia+Nut15 can mediate transitions in the establishment processes of bacterial communities, while Ia is solely responsible for mediating transitions in the establishment process of fungal communities. Our study offers a fresh perspective on the establishment and origins of microbial communities in limestone habitats. We believe that limestone serves as an excellent substrate for microbial colonization and holds immense potential in ecological restoration efforts within degraded karst areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Extremophiles in Biological Degradation and Conversion)
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15 pages, 2533 KiB  
Article
Effect of the Availability of the Source of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Bio-Oxidation of H2S by Sulfolobus metallicus
by Javier Silva, Rodrigo Ortiz-Soto, Marjorie Morales and Germán Aroca
Fermentation 2023, 9(5), 406; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9050406 - 23 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1016
Abstract
The effect of nitrogen and phosphorus availability on the growth of Sulfolobus metallicus was analyzed. This archaeon was subjected to a series of nitrogen and phosphorus limitation conditions to determine their effects on growth. The results indicate that Sulfolobus metallicus showed a relationship [...] Read more.
The effect of nitrogen and phosphorus availability on the growth of Sulfolobus metallicus was analyzed. This archaeon was subjected to a series of nitrogen and phosphorus limitation conditions to determine their effects on growth. The results indicate that Sulfolobus metallicus showed a relationship between one of the intermediate oxidation products (tetrathionate) and cell concentration during the exponential growth phase in the absence of nitrogen. Furthermore, significant differences were found in the specific growth rates under different scenarios with ammonia and phosphorus limitation, with values of 0.048 h−1 in the ammonia limitation case. The biomass substrate yield obtained was 0.107 gcel·g S−1. Meanwhile, in the absence of phosphorus, the specific growth rate was 0.017 h−1, and the substrate to biomass yield was 0.072 gcel·g S−1. The results indicate that the ability of Sulfolobus metallicus to bio-oxidize H2S depends on the availability of such nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), which affect cellular growth and the types of products generated. This, in turn, influences the oxidation process of various sulfur compounds, resulting in changes in the predominant products formed and the final oxidation of sulfate ions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Extremophiles in Biological Degradation and Conversion)
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