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Epidemiologia
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Socio-Economic Inequalities in Health
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Socio-Economic Inequalities in Health

A special issue of Epidemiologia (ISSN 2673-3986).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 5482

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hossein Zare

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, University of Maryland Global Campus, Largo, MD 20774, USA
Interests: income inequality; disparities; justice inequality; place-based inequality; geographical inequality
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite a negative correlation between economic inequalities and health, evidence shows that the world underestimates the true level of inequality or may not be completely aware of its impact on health. It is thus essential to bring it to the attention of policymakers. The concavity effect of inequality plays a crucial role in equity. In this approach, transferring an additional dollar from rich to poor improves the health status of poor communities more than that of wealthy communities.

For this Special Collection, we would like to focus on place-based inequalities considering social determinants of health. Some of the areas of interest include but are not limited to:

  • Place-based disparities and social determinants of health;
  • Geographical disparities and utilization of inpatient/outpatient services;
  • Structural racism and economic inequality;
  • The impact of health insurance coverage on reducing economic inequality;
  • Wage disparities and economic inequality and its impact on health outcome;
  • The labor market and socioeconomic disparities;
  • Socioeconomic inequality and the justice system;
  • Socioeconomic inequality and men’s/women’s health.

Dr. Hossein Zare
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Epidemiologia is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • economic inequality
  • geographical inequality
  • place-based disparities
  • justice inequality
  • income inequality
  • racial disparities
  • inequality and social control

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 309 KiB  
Article
The Association between Fear of Crime, Educational Attainment, and Health
by Gloria Macassa, Cormac McGrath, Katarina Wijk, Mamunur Rashid, Anne-Sofie Hiswåls and Joaquim Soares
Epidemiologia 2023, 4(2), 148-162; https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia4020016 - 30 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1661
Abstract
Fear of crime is an important public health problem that impacts people’s quality of life, health, and wellbeing, and causes mental health ailments (e.g., anxiety). This study aimed to determine whether there was an association between fear of crime, educational attainment, and self-rated [...] Read more.
Fear of crime is an important public health problem that impacts people’s quality of life, health, and wellbeing, and causes mental health ailments (e.g., anxiety). This study aimed to determine whether there was an association between fear of crime, educational attainment, and self-rated health and anxiety among women residing in a county in east-central Sweden. A sample (n = 3002) of women aged 18–84 years surveyed in the Health on Equal Terms survey carried out in 2018 was included in the study. Bivariate and multivariate regression analysis was performed on the relationship between the composite variables fear of crime, educational attainment, and self-rated health and anxiety. Women with primary education or similar who reported fear of crime had increased odds of poor health (odds ratio (OR) 3.17; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.40–4.18) compared with women with primary education/similar and no fear of crime (OR 2.90; CI 1.90–3.20). A statistically significant relationship persisted in the multivariate analysis after controlling for other covariates, although the odds were reduced (OR 1.70; CI 1.14–2.53 and 1.73; CI 1.21–2.48, respectively). Similarly, in the bivariate analysis, women who reported fear of crime and who only had primary education had statistically significant odds of anxiety (OR 2.12; CI 1.64–2.74); the significance was removed, and the odds were reduced (OR 1.30; CI 0.93–1.82) after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related covariates. Women with only primary education or similar who reported fear of crime had higher odds of poor health and anxiety compared with those with university education or similar, with and without fear of crime. Future studies (including longitudinal ones) are warranted—on the one hand, to understand possible mechanisms of the relationship between educational attainment and fear of crime and its consequences to health, and on the other, to explore low-educated women’s own perceptions regarding factors underlining their fear of crime (qualitative studies). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Socio-Economic Inequalities in Health)
13 pages, 789 KiB  
Article
Barriers to the Utilization of Primary Health Centers (PHCs) in Iraq
by Taysir Al Janabi
Epidemiologia 2023, 4(2), 121-133; https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia4020013 - 13 Apr 2023
Viewed by 3196
Abstract
Primary care has been viewed as a means to ensure equitable access to care, enhance efficiency within healthcare systems, and improve health service quality. In recent decades, Iraq has transformed its compromised health system, shifting the healthcare model from hospital-based to primary care [...] Read more.
Primary care has been viewed as a means to ensure equitable access to care, enhance efficiency within healthcare systems, and improve health service quality. In recent decades, Iraq has transformed its compromised health system, shifting the healthcare model from hospital-based to primary care through primary health centers (PHCs) and referral mechanisms. Based on an extensive literature review, this qualitative paper explores the healthcare utilization of PHCs in different regions of Iraq. It also identifies some barriers to PHC use and recommends evidence-based approaches for improving PHCs’ performance. Some reported challenges to better utilizing PHCs were the poor quality of services, patient dissatisfaction, long walking distance to a health center, and limited availability and affordability of the medications. If Iraq is to use primary care as a tool in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs), collaborative efforts addressing the facility-related factors should be a priority. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Socio-Economic Inequalities in Health)
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