Thermodynamics of Fluid Phase Equilibria: 150th Anniversary of Thomas Andrews
A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Thermodynamics".
Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2020) | Viewed by 8615
Special Issue Editor
Interests: chemical thermodynamics; phase transitions; percolation transitions; colloid science; molecular theory of liquids
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Special Issue Information
Dear Colleagues,
The year 2019 marks the 150th anniversary of Thomas Andrews' report of p-V isotherms of carbon dioxide [1]. Andrews' experimental measurements resulted in the discovery of a critical temperature below which a gas cannot be condensed to a liquid by pressure; thence began the study of the "thermodynamics of fluid phase equilibria". Andrews' theory of the continuity of gaseous and liquid states led to Van der Waals' first fluid equation-of-state, i.e. relating p-V-T. Rowlinson's centenary review [2] highlighted some achievements, but also exposed unanswered questions 100 years after Andrews. There have been many developments since 1969 in the measurement and theory of equations-of-state for all classes of fluids: atomic, molecular, electrolytic, metallic, colloidal, etc. Advances in thermodynamics metrology have enable pressures up to 100 MPa with six-figure experimental accuracy, over entire temperature ranges of existence over six orders of magnitude of temperature from 1 to 104 K. In 1969, there were less than 10 scientific papers reporting computer experiments on simple model fluids. Now the number is ~104 for all classes of fluids and rising exponentially. Advanced molecular theories have also resulted in more accurate thermodynamic descriptions, e.g. SAFT for molecular fluids. The concept of critical universality still dominates a perceived understanding and description of gas–liquid and liquid–liquid criticality. Computer simulations designed with circumspection enable the enhanced scrutinization of theory. Recent observations of the supercritical delineation of gaseous and liquid states at percolation transitions suggest one-component colloidal states, or mesophases on Gibbs thermodynamic density surfaces. Contributed research papers are invited on all aspects of the thermodynamic description of fluids. This Special Issue will hopefully capture a snapshot of the research activity 50 years on from Rowlinson. We welcome contributions from experimental research, both laboratory and computer, and from theoretical studies, on the thermodynamic description of phase equilibria for all classes of fluids, including water and ionic liquids.
[1] T. Andrews, "Bakerian Lecture: On the Continuity of the Gaseous and Liquid States of Matter", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, vol. 159, 575 (1869).
[2] J. S. Rowlinson, "Thomas Andrews and the Critical Point", Nature, vol. 224, 541 (1969).
Topical areas
Historical reviews or historical research studies of the thermodynamics of gas–liquid phase equilibria and criticality (1869-2019); novel laboratory measurements of gas–liquid, and liquid–liquid phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties; supercritical fluid phase equilibria; experiments and theories of liquid–liquid phase equilibria; upper and lower consolute temperature criticality; fundamental studies of simple liquids (e.g. argon, Lennard–Jones or square-well model fluids), experiment and theory; fluid equations-of-state, thermodynamic properties of molecular liquids (e.g. CO2 and industrial fluids and solvents; properties of water and aqueous solutions; metastability, spinodal and percolation lines, supercooled fluids and thermodynamics of glass transition phenomena.
Prof. Leslie V. Woodcock
Guest Editor
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Keywords
- Fluid-phase equilibria Gibbs surface;gaseous state liquid state;liquid mixtures phase transition critical-point supercritical fluids coexistence lines percolation transitions mesophase equations-of-state virial coefficients Boyle temperature metastability glass transition water ionic liquids
