Dear Colleagues,

Energy systems typically involve multiphase flow and heat transfer. Substantial examples can be found in heat pipes, power plants, gas turbines, chemical reactors, and fuel cells. The process performance and reliability of these systems strongly depend on the fundamental understanding of thermal-fluid processes which has an urgent demand for highly accurate and reliable modeling methods. Multiphase flow and heat transfer widely couples various physical processes, including fluid flow, heat transfer, mass transfer, phase change, reaction, multiscale characteristics, spatio-temporal transient characteristics, interface generation and evolution, and multicomponent flow. The corresponding numerical modeling is still a great challenge and has attracted continuous research attention.

This Special Issue aims to introduce the latest development direction and outstanding advances in multiphase flow and heat transfer. Topics include but not limited to the numerical modeling of multiphase flow and heat transfer in various applications. Modeling works including model development and numerical investigations involving multiphase flow and heat transfer are all welcome for submission to this Special Issue.

Dr. Shaofei Zheng
Dr. Jian Liu
Dr. Liu Liu
Dr. Han Shen
Prof. Dr. Bengt Sunden
Prof. Dr. Xiaodong Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• multiscale modeling and computation
• multiphase multicomponent flow
• gas–liquid two-phase flow
• condensation and boiling
• reaction flow
• heat and mass transfer
• wetting dynamics
• interface phenomenon

Title: A review of the study of thermosensitive hydrogels sweat phase transition heat transfer
Authors: Xu Liang, Li Jiren, Xi Lei, Li Yunlong, Gao Jianmin
Affiliation: School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University
Abstract: Hydrogel is a kind of polymer material with a structure similar to human tissue, which is composed of a hydrophilic polymer network and a large number of water molecules inside. On the one hand, the polymer chain of hydrogel materials constructs a unique micro-nano domain space, on the other hand, various functional groups rich in the chain provide a unique force field environment for the substances inside the hydrogel. Compared to macroscopic rigid porous materials, hydrogels have good flexibility, transparency, and biocompatibility, so they are widely studied for artificial organs, drug slow release, and later flexible electronics. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that hydrogels have great potential in the regulation of heat and mass transport, including evaporative phase transition and bubble regulation, and have gradually developed into one of the frontier hot spots in the study of multiphase heat transfer. This review will be a systematic review of the current research status of sweating phase transition heat transfer of thermosensitive hydrogels, which will provide some reference for fellow researchers.

Title: Modelling of heat and mass transfer in cement-based materials during cement hydration - A review
Authors: Barbara Klemczak 1,*, Aneta Smolana 2 and Agnieszka Jędrzejewska 3
Affiliation: Department of Structural Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
Abstract: Cement-based materials encompass a broad spectrum of construction materials that utilize cement as the primary binding agent. Among these materials, concrete stands out as the most commonly employed. The cement, which is the principal constituent of these materials, undergoes a hydration reaction with water, playing a crucial role in the formation of the hardened composite. However, the exothermic nature of this reaction leads to significant temperature rise within the concrete elements, particularly during the early stages of hardening and in structures of substantial thickness. This temperature rise underscores the critical importance of predictive modelling in this domain. This paper presents a review of modelling approaches designed to predict temperature and accompanying moisture fields during concrete hardening, examining different levels of modelling accuracy and essential input parameters. While modern commercial finite element method (FEM) software programs are available for simulating thermal and moisture fields in concrete, they are accompanied by inherent limitations that engineers must know. The authors further evaluate effective commercial software tools tailored for predicting these effects, intending to provide construction engineers and stakeholders with guidance on managing temperature and moisture impacts in early-age concrete.