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Emerging Materials, Structures, and Devices in Energy Conversion and Storage

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "D: Energy Storage and Application".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2023) | Viewed by 5389

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
Interests: heat and mass transfer; supercapacitors; flow battery; thermoelectrics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Efficient, inexpensive, and sustainable energy conversion and storage techniques are critical for utilizing renewable energy sources and promoting carbon neutrality. We need more fundamental principles, functional materials, and experiments to achieve better performance or invent novel energy conversion/storage devices. This demanding boosts multidisciplinary research in many fields, such as interconversion between electricity and heat, solar energy conversion and solar fuels, hydrogen generation and storage, CO2 conversion and storage, storage batteries and supercapacitors, energy harvesting, etc. Recently, a significant number of emerging materials, structures, and devices have attracted increasingly attention. These growing hot and cutting-edge topics advance our knowledge and inform the development of next-generation solutions for efficient energy utilization.

This Special Issue aims to provide a forum for researchers to present the latest advances and perspectives in the development of advanced energy conversion and storage technologies. The topics include but are not limited to the following items:

  1. Electrode materials and structure design for batteries and supercapacitors;
  2. Membrane materials and fluid flow in flow batteries and fuel cells;
  3. Transport phenomenon and dynamics at electrode/electrolyte interfaces;
  4. Modelling, optimization, and numerical aspects of energy storage systems;
  5. Thermoelectric processes and materials;
  6. Solar energy conversion and solar fuels;
  7. Heat and mass transfer and thermal management in energy storage;
  8. Energy-harvesting devices.

Dr. Tianhu Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • supercapacitors
  • batteries
  • fuel cells
  • thermoelectrics
  • thermal energy storage
  • solar fuels
  • hydrogen generation and storage
  • electrocatalysis and photocatalysis
  • photothermal conversion
  • carbon capture and storage

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1598 KiB  
Article
P-Doped Modified Porous Carbon Derived from ZIF-8 for Enhanced Capacitive Performance
by Congxiu Guo, Guilin Li, Yujia Wu, Xuhui Wang, Yu Niu and Jiao Wu
Energies 2023, 16(21), 7232; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16217232 - 24 Oct 2023
Viewed by 797
Abstract
Porous carbon materials derived from ZIF-8 have attracted extensive research attention on account of their large surface area, tunable mesoporosity and abundant nitrogen content. However, directly carbonized ZIF-8 usually suffers from a low electronic conductivity, poor wettability and relatively low mesoporosity, which severely [...] Read more.
Porous carbon materials derived from ZIF-8 have attracted extensive research attention on account of their large surface area, tunable mesoporosity and abundant nitrogen content. However, directly carbonized ZIF-8 usually suffers from a low electronic conductivity, poor wettability and relatively low mesoporosity, which severely restricts their capacitive performance. Herein, P-doped modified carbon materials derived from ZIF-8 (ZPCs) were synthesized by using nontoxic phytic acid as a phosphorus source, followed by carbonization at high temperature. Benefiting from its relatively high specific surface area of 911.7 m2 g−1 and higher ratio of mesopores, as well as N, O and P doping, ZPC-1000 delivers the largest specific capacity, up to 219.4 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, among the prepared samples and an outstanding cycle span, retaining 100% capacity after 2000 cycles at 5 A g−1. In this work, we highlight the strategy of constructing a synergistic effect between high mesoporosity and heteroatom doping, which can greatly boost the capacitive performance of carbon materials. Full article
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18 pages, 7473 KiB  
Article
Operational Parameter Analysis and Performance Optimization of Zinc–Bromine Redox Flow Battery
by Ye-Qi Zhang, Guang-Xu Wang, Ru-Yi Liu and Tian-Hu Wang
Energies 2023, 16(7), 3043; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16073043 - 27 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1534
Abstract
Zinc–bromine redox flow battery (ZBFB) is one of the most promising candidates for large-scale energy storage due to its high energy density, low cost, and long cycle life. However, numerical simulation studies on ZBFB are limited. The effects of operational parameters on battery [...] Read more.
Zinc–bromine redox flow battery (ZBFB) is one of the most promising candidates for large-scale energy storage due to its high energy density, low cost, and long cycle life. However, numerical simulation studies on ZBFB are limited. The effects of operational parameters on battery performance and battery design strategy remain unclear. Herein, a 2D transient model of ZBFB is developed to reveal the effects of electrolyte flow rate, electrode thickness, and electrode porosity on battery performance. The results show that higher positive electrolyte flow rates can improve battery performance; however, increasing electrode thickness or porosity causes a larger overpotential, thus deteriorating battery performance. On the basis of these findings, a genetic algorithm was performed to optimize the batter performance considering all the operational parameters. It is found that the battery energy efficiency can reach 79.42% at a current density of 20 mA cm2. This work is helpful to understand the energy storage characteristics and high-performance design of ZBFB operating at various conditions. Full article
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17 pages, 5466 KiB  
Article
Mass Transfer Behaviors and Battery Performance of a Ferrocyanide-Based Organic Redox Flow Battery with Different Electrode Shapes
by Pengfei Zhang, Xi Liu, Junjie Fu and Fengming Chu
Energies 2023, 16(6), 2846; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16062846 - 19 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1352
Abstract
The ferrocyanide-based organic redox flow battery (ferrocyanide-based ORFB), based on electrochemistry, has become a potential energy storage technology due to its low price, eco-friendliness, safety, and convenience. However, its low efficiency and poor mass transfer performance hinder the application of the ORFB. The [...] Read more.
The ferrocyanide-based organic redox flow battery (ferrocyanide-based ORFB), based on electrochemistry, has become a potential energy storage technology due to its low price, eco-friendliness, safety, and convenience. However, its low efficiency and poor mass transfer performance hinder the application of the ORFB. The influence of the electrode shape (trapezoid, sector, and rectangle) on the mass transfer and battery performance are studied based on a numerical model, which is verified by the experiments. The results show that battery performance of the trapezoid electrode is better than that of the sector and rectangle electrode. The discharge voltage of the rectangle battery is the lowest, and the discharge voltage of the trapezoid battery is the highest. The discharge voltage of the rectangle battery is 4.47% lower than that of the trapezoid battery. The uniformity factor value of the trapezoid battery is 26.9% higher than that of the rectangle battery. The trapezoid shape is the best design for the electrode, contributing to the application of the ferrocyanide-based ORFBs. Full article
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Review

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23 pages, 5974 KiB  
Review
Principle, Fabrication and Emerging Applications of Nanobottle Motor
by Qingyuan Liu, Lin Wang, Kaiying Wang, Tianhu Wang and Guohua Liu
Energies 2022, 15(20), 7636; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15207636 - 16 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1271
Abstract
Micro/nano-motors play an important role in energy, environment, and biomedicines. As a new type of nano-motors, nanobottles attract great attention due to their distinct advantages of a large cavity, high specific surface area, bionic streamline structure, and chemotactic motion. Here, we systematically review [...] Read more.
Micro/nano-motors play an important role in energy, environment, and biomedicines. As a new type of nano-motors, nanobottles attract great attention due to their distinct advantages of a large cavity, high specific surface area, bionic streamline structure, and chemotactic motion. Here, we systematically review the development of nanobottle motors from aspects of propulsion mechanisms, fabrication methods and potential applications. Firstly, three types of propulsive modes are summarized, with focus on chemical propulsion, light driving and magnetic actuation. We then discuss the fabrication methods of nanobottles, including the soft-template-based hydrothermal method and the swelling-inducement and wet-chemistry methods. The potential applications of nanobottle motors are additionally highlighted in energy, environmental, and biomedical fields. Finally, the future challenges and outlooks of nanobottle motors are discussed for the further development of this technology. Full article
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