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A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "D1: Advanced Energy Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 19 November 2023 | Viewed by 7546

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dongxu Ouyang

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Guest Editor

"School of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
Interests: lithium-ion battery safety evaluation; thermal runaway; overcharge; over-discharge; abusive-temperature cycling; thermal management; cathode materials thermal stability

Dr. Yi Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

School of Energy Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
Interests: lithium-ion batteries; supercapacitors; carbon nanotubes composite

Dr. Xuxu Sun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor

School of Safety Science and Emergency Management, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Interests: combustion; flame; hydrogen explosion

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As the energy structure of the world transitions from fossil fuels to renewable energy, new energy and its devices such as lithium-ion cells, hydrogen energy, and supercapacitors are playing a significant role in areas of production and daily living. To achieve more competitive performances, new energy materials and devices with more advanced features are being continuously researched and proposed. Further, new energy and its devices’ safety also deserve more attention considering the frequent occurrence of new energy-related safety accidents. Only new energy and its devices with both competitive electrochemical and safety performances can be approved by the market and better serve the community.

This Special Issue will address the development of new energy materials/devices and their safety. Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

Recent advances in new energy materials and devices.
The application of new energy and its devices.
New energy and its devices’ safety.
The inherent safety of new energy materials.
The thermal management of new energy systems.
The hazard signaling of new energy and its devices.
Countermeasures for new energy and its devices’ disaster.

Dr. Dongxu Ouyang
Dr. Yi Zhang
Dr. Xuxu Sun
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

new energy
new energy materials
new energy devices
application
safety
emergency management

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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Open AccessArticle

Study on Surface Configurations and Force Transfer Mechanism of Dual-Wedge Shaped Slips for Liner Hanger

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Energies 2023, 16(7), 3177; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16073177 - 31 Mar 2023

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Abstract

The penetration force and depth of the slip teeth are important factors influencing the hanging capacity of liner hanger, which can lead to failure of well cementation. In this study, a method to calculate the penetration force of dual-wedge slip teeth was presented by considering the surface configuration and the force transfer mechanism of dual-wedge slip in three dimensions. The interaction between dual-wedge slips and casing was simulated using ABAQUS 6.14 software, and the contact force (penetration force) was obtained. Experimental research was carried out to verify the correction of calculation and simulation. The strain of casing was obtained after the dual-wedge slips set under axial loads. The experimental results, theoretical prediction, and the numerical simulation are in good agreement. The effects of geometrical parameters on force transfer characteristics were discussed, which shows that the penetration force of dual-wedge slips increases with increase in the liner weight and Eulerian angle γ, and it decreases with the increase in Eulerian angle α and friction coefficient. The geometric parameters of the dual-wedge slip can be designed to obtain an optimal penetration force, and ensure that the slip teeth penetrate into the inner wall of casing without damage to the casing. The penetration force can be obtained by optimizing the parameters related to geometry of dual-wedge slips. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of New Energy Materials/Devices and Their Safety)

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Open AccessArticle

Investigation on the Properties of Flame-Retardant Phase Change Material and Its Application in Battery Thermal Management

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Energies 2023, 16(1), 521; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16010521 - 03 Jan 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 709

Abstract

The thermal safety problem of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) in use requires an excellent thermal management system to preserve it. In the paper, an expansion flame-retardant composed of APP and CFA and kaolinite is used to enhance the flame-retardant property of phase change materials (PCM). The performances of PCM and their property in the thermal management of LIB were studied. The results indicate that the kaolinite can improve the long-term thermostability of PCM. The addition of flame retardant can make the flame-retardant property of PCM reach V0 level. The synergistic action of expansion flame-retardant and kaolinite can increase the residual carbon and enhance the thermal reliability of flame-retardant PCM (RPCM). The RPCM has an obvious cooling effect on the surface temperature of the battery. The RPCM can reduce the maximum temperature of the cell to 37.4 °C at 3 C, which is 12 °C lower than pure PA. The peak temperature of the battery pack at 3 C is also reduced to 50.28 °C by the flame-retardant PCM, and the temperature difference is kept within 5 °C. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of New Energy Materials/Devices and Their Safety)

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Open AccessArticle

Numerical Simulation of the Combination of Novel Spiral Fin and Phase Change Material for Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Batteries in Passive Thermal Management

Jiahao Liu

Qingwen Ma

and

Xianbin Li

Energies 2022, 15(23), 8847; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15238847 - 23 Nov 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1006

Abstract

This paper uses ANSYS Fluent to simulate the heat dissipation of a phase change material (PCM)-based cooling system combined with novel spiral fins for a single battery cell. Compared with a circular fin, a spiral fin with the same contact length can reduce the battery temperature by 0.72 °C, and has a superior temperature uniformity. For the PCM-based system with spiral fins, increasing the spiral width from 2 mm to 8 mm can reduce the battery temperature from 41.27 °C to 39.9 °C. As the number of spiral turns increases from two to eight, the maximum temperature rise of the battery shows a downward trend, and six turns can effectively satisfy the heat dissipation requirements of the battery. With respect to the effect of ambient temperature on the cooling performance, the system with a PCM-spiral fin still exhibits optimal cooling effectiveness compared with the pure PCM and PCM-circular systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of New Energy Materials/Devices and Their Safety)

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Open AccessArticle

Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Explosion Characteristics of Hydrogen Explosion in a Closed Vessel

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Energies 2022, 15(22), 8630; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15228630 - 17 Nov 2022

Viewed by 637

Abstract

A simplified model that calculates the deflagration pressure–time curves of a hydrogen explosion was proposed. The deflagration parameters (pressure peak, duration, deflagration index, and impulse) of hydrogen–air mixtures with different hydrogen concentrations were experimentally investigated. The results show that the pressure curves calculated by the model are consistent with experimental data pertaining to a methane and hydrogen explosion. By comparison, the pressure peak and deflagration index are found to be influenced by the aspect ratio and surface area of vessels. The impulse and explosion times at fuel-lean hydrogen concentrations are greater than those at fuel-rich concentrations. When the hydrogen concentration is between 34 vol.% and 18 vol.%, the greatest explosion damage effect is formed by both the overpressure and the impulse, which should be considered for hydrogen explosion safety design in industrial production. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of New Energy Materials/Devices and Their Safety)

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Review

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Open AccessReview

Recent Advances in Ball-Milling-Based Silicon Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Energies 2023, 16(7), 3099; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16073099 - 29 Mar 2023

Viewed by 1010

Abstract

Having a high theoretical capacity density of 4200 mAh g⁻¹, silicon has been highlighted as one of the most promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Countless silicon-based materials have been proposed and reported in research articles, mostly synthesized using bottom-up methods. While the infamous volume expansion issue can be settled with the bottom-up processes, the complicated protocols and high cost leave a non-neglectable gap between laboratory-scale and mass production. The top-down ball-milling method is still favored by industrial suppliers because of its simplicity and cost-effectiveness, even with compromised electrochemical performances. This paper reviews the latest development of ball-milling-based silicon anode materials. Although the ball-milling process seems straightforward, the procedures and parameters influencing the product have hardly been discussed in research papers compared to the bottom-up ones. This paper reviews recent advances in ball-milling-based silicon anode materials, provides a material comparison, and discusses how ball milling can provide lithium-ion batteries with greater possibilities at a larger scale. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of New Energy Materials/Devices and Their Safety)

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Open AccessReview

Early Warning Method and Fire Extinguishing Technology of Lithium-Ion Battery Thermal Runaway: A Review

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Energies 2023, 16(7), 2960; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16072960 - 23 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1047

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in electrochemical energy storage and in other fields. However, LIBs are prone to thermal runaway (TR) under abusive conditions, which may lead to fires and even explosion accidents. Given the severity of TR hazards for LIBs, early warning and fire extinguishing technologies for battery TR are comprehensively reviewed in this paper. First, the TR reaction mechanism and hazards of LIBs are discussed. Second, the TR early warning and monitoring methods of LIBs are summarized in five aspects consisting of acoustic, heat, force, electricity, and gas. In addition, to reduce the fire and explosion hazards caused by the TR of LIBs, the highly efficient extinguishing agents for LIBs are summarized. Finally, the early warning technology and fire extinguishing agent are proposed, which provides a reference for the hazard prevention and control of energy storage systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of New Energy Materials/Devices and Their Safety)

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Open AccessReview

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: A New Chapter in the Fast and Accurate Estimation of the State of Health for Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Energies 2023, 16(4), 1599; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041599 - 05 Feb 2023

Cited by 27 | Viewed by 2213

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries stand out from other clean energy sources because of their high energy density and small size. With the increasing application scope and scale of lithium-ion batteries, real-time and accurate monitoring of its state of health plays an important role in ensuring the healthy and stable operation of an energy storage system. Due to the interaction of various aging reactions in the aging process of lithium-ion batteries, the capacity attenuation shows no regularity. However, the traditional monitoring method is mainly based on voltage and current, which cannot reflect the internal mechanism, so the accuracy is greatly reduced. Recently, with the development of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, it has been possible to estimate the state of health quickly and accurately online. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy can measure battery impedance in a wide frequency range, so it can reflect the internal aging state of lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, the latest impedance spectroscopy measurement technology and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy based on lithium-ion battery health state estimation technology are summarized, along with the advantages and disadvantages of the summary and prospects. This fills the gap in this aspect and is conducive to the further development of this technology. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of New Energy Materials/Devices and Their Safety)

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