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Electronics
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Positioning and Localization in UAV Networks/Flying Ad Hoc Networks
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Positioning and Localization in UAV Networks/Flying Ad Hoc Networks

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Networks".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2023) | Viewed by 5364

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Muahmmad Yeasir Arafat

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Computer Engineering, College of IT Convergence Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea
Interests: UAV networks; localization; clustering; routing; ad-hoc networks

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have attracted tremendous attention from both industries and academic communities. Thanks to their high mobility and flexibility, UAVs can be deployed in many scenarios to provide various types of services. In these scenarios, the position of UAVs must be quickly and accurately acquired for various purposes such as data routing and to avoid UAV collisions. In this context, there is growing interest in the necessity of UAVs’ autonomy in terms of navigation as well as in terms of energy, especially when acting in complex environments, both indoors and outdoors. In a wide and open outdoor area, where satellite signals are well received, the use of GPS is sufficient to ensure the safe autonomous navigation of a UAV. However, in many scenarios such as during urban monitoring in bad weather conditions, the GPS signal could be totally absent (indoors) or insufficient due to different reasons such as multipath fading and jamming. In such situations, alternative soft or hardware solutions should be proposed to ensure the reliable positioning of UAVs. This Special Issue aims to contribute to the state of the art and to introduce current developments concerning the study of UAVs’ positioning, navigation, and localization.

Therefore, prospective authors are invited to submit original contributions for review for publication in the open-access journal Electronics. Topics of interest include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • UAV navigation and localization systems;
  • Localization techniques in flying ad hoc networks;
  • Guidance, navigation, and control;
  • Networked swarms;
  • UAV coordination;
  • Autonomous control technology;
  • Localization and routing;
  • Localization and swarm intelligence in UAV networks;
  • Distributed solutions for AI-enabled UAV networks;
  • Experimental results for AI-enabled UAV networks;
  • Optimization techniques in UAV localization;
  • Energy-efficient UAV localization;
  • Vision-based autonomous navigation of UAVs.

Dr. Muahmmad Yeasir Arafat
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Electronics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 1582 KiB  
Article
A Location and Velocity Prediction-Assisted FANET Networking Scheme for Highly Mobile Scenarios
by Jiachi Zhang, Xueyun Wang and Liu Liu
Electronics 2023, 12(12), 2731; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12122731 - 19 Jun 2023
Viewed by 951
Abstract
The proliferation of flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) enables multiple applications in various scenarios. In order to construct and maintain an effective hierarchical structure in FANETs where mobile nodes proceed at high mobility, we propose a novel FANET clustering algorithm by using the [...] Read more.
The proliferation of flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) enables multiple applications in various scenarios. In order to construct and maintain an effective hierarchical structure in FANETs where mobile nodes proceed at high mobility, we propose a novel FANET clustering algorithm by using the Kalman-filter-predicted location and velocity information. First, we use the Silhouette coefficient to determine the number of clusters and the k-means++ method is utilized to group nodes into clusters. Regarding the external disturbances in highly mobile scenarios, a Kalman filter is used to predict locations and velocities for all nodes. When clustering, the relative speeds together with relative distances are considered, and the previous selected cluster heads (CHs) are utilized to initialize current centroids. Furthermore, we propose two metrics, including the cluster stability and the ratio of changed edges, to evaluate the network performance. Relevant simulation results reveal that our proposal can yield a cumulative distribution function (CDF) of cluster stability values close to the sensor-measurement-based data. Moreover, it can reduce communication overheads significantly. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positioning and Localization in UAV Networks/Flying Ad Hoc Networks)
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16 pages, 3256 KiB  
Article
Optimized Active Collision Avoidance Algorithm of Intelligent Vehicles
by Qingwei Xu, Xiangyang Lu and Juncai Xu
Electronics 2023, 12(11), 2451; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12112451 - 29 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 965
Abstract
This research introduces an innovative strategy to impede and lessen lateral and rear-end vehicular collisions by consolidating braking systems with active emergency steering controls. This study puts forward a T-type active emergency steering method, designed to circumvent both lateral and rear-end collisions at [...] Read more.
This research introduces an innovative strategy to impede and lessen lateral and rear-end vehicular collisions by consolidating braking systems with active emergency steering controls. This study puts forward a T-type active emergency steering method, designed to circumvent both lateral and rear-end collisions at vehicular intersections. To secure vehicular stability and condense the time required for steering during the T-type active emergency process, this research formulates a nonlinear dynamic model for the vehicle, in addition to a nonlinear tire model. This study also engages in a thorough analysis of the constraints linked to the initial and terminal states of the steering process. The issue at hand is articulated as an optimization control problem with boundary value restrictions, which is subsequently resolved using the Radau pseudospectral method. Simulation results corroborate that the prompt commencement of the anti-collision strategy can effectively deter potential collisions. This pioneering approach shows considerable promise in augmenting the active safety of intelligent vehicles and bears meaningful implications for high-precision automotive collision evasion systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positioning and Localization in UAV Networks/Flying Ad Hoc Networks)
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21 pages, 1001 KiB  
Article
Clothoid-Based Path Planning for a Formation of Fixed-Wing UAVs
by Luciano Blasi, Egidio D’Amato, Immacolata Notaro and Gennaro Raspaolo
Electronics 2023, 12(10), 2204; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12102204 - 12 May 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1377
Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are playing an increasingly crucial role in many applications such as search and rescue, delivery services, and military operations. However, one of the significant challenges in this area is to plan efficient and safe trajectories for UAV formations. This [...] Read more.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are playing an increasingly crucial role in many applications such as search and rescue, delivery services, and military operations. However, one of the significant challenges in this area is to plan efficient and safe trajectories for UAV formations. This paper presents an optimization procedure for trajectory planning for fixed-wing UAV formations using graph theory and clothoid curves. The proposed planning strategy consists of two main steps. Firstly, the geometric optimization of paths is carried out using graphs for each UAV, providing piece-wise linear paths whose smooth connections are made with clothoids. Secondly, the geometric paths are transformed into time-dependent trajectories, optimizing the assigned aircraft speeds to avoid collisions by solving a mixed-integer optimal control problem for each UAV of the flight formation. The proposed method is effective in achieving suboptimal paths while ensuring collision avoidance between aircraft. A sensitivity analysis of the main parameters of the algorithm was conducted in ideal conditions, highlighting the possibility of decreasing the length of the optimal path by about 4.19%, increasing the number of points used in the discretization and showing a maximum path length reduction of about 10% compared with the average solution obtained with a similar algorithm using a graph based on random directions. Furthermore, the use of clothoids, whose parameters depend on the UAV performance constraints, provides smoother connections, giving a significant improvement over traditional straight-line or circular trajectories in terms of flight dynamics compliance and trajectory tracking capabilities. The method can be applied to various UAV formation scenarios, making it a versatile and practical tool for mission planning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positioning and Localization in UAV Networks/Flying Ad Hoc Networks)
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22 pages, 1505 KiB  
Article
3D Hybrid Localization Algorithm for Mitigating NLOS Effects in Flying Ad Hoc Networks
by Jung Min Pak
Electronics 2023, 12(3), 503; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030503 - 18 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1107
Abstract
Positions of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are typically obtained using the global positioning system (GPS). However, in GPS-denied or GPS-degraded environments, ad hoc networks with flying sensor nodes are used for UAV localization. In this study, we propose a novel three-dimensional (3D) localization [...] Read more.
Positions of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are typically obtained using the global positioning system (GPS). However, in GPS-denied or GPS-degraded environments, ad hoc networks with flying sensor nodes are used for UAV localization. In this study, we propose a novel three-dimensional (3D) localization algorithm for UAVs in flying ad hoc sensor networks. Interacting multiple model probability data association and finite impulse response filters are integrated in our hybrid localization algorithm. The non-line-of-sight condition can be overcome using the proposed algorithm, which is demonstrated through 3D localization simulations based on flying ad hoc networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Positioning and Localization in UAV Networks/Flying Ad Hoc Networks)
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