Research

13 pages, 310 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluation of Quality of Life and Emotional Disturbances in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

by George Saitakis, Dimitrios Roukas, Erifili Hatziagelaki, Vasiliki Efstathiou, Panagiotis Theodossiadis and Emmanouil Rizos

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(11), 2516-2528; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13110175 - 03 Nov 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 765

Abstract

Diabetes has detrimental effects on many organs, including the kidneys, heart, and the central nervous system, with ophthalmic involvement and Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), specifically, being among the most severe and prominent consequences. Diabetic Retinopathy and especially advanced stages of the disease, have a [...] Read more.

Diabetes has detrimental effects on many organs, including the kidneys, heart, and the central nervous system, with ophthalmic involvement and Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), specifically, being among the most severe and prominent consequences. Diabetic Retinopathy and especially advanced stages of the disease, have a crucial impact on patients’ quality of life and emotional status. In this context, emotional imbalance, psychological side effects and comorbidities, like anxiety disorders, could emerge, deteriorating the patients’ condition further. A number of questionnaires can be employed in the evaluation of the potential impact of Diabetic Retinopathy on patients’ quality of life, including the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and The National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema with vision-related quality of life, as well as the potential association between the disease’s severity, emotional status of patients and the manifestation of anxiety and psychological features. Results: Patients with fundoscopic findings had significantly lower scores in all VFQ-25 subscales, indicating worse quality of life in comparison to patients without DR. Severity of DR, greater levels of anxiety, daily sitting time, unemployment and lower education level, were all found to be significantly, negatively associated with a worse quality of life. Regarding emotional status, more years of suffering from diabetes, treatment with insulin and the hours being idle per day were associated with an increased burden of anxiety. In addition, the presence of a concomitant disease, findings in fundoscopy, diabetic macular edema and treatment with anti-VEFG injections, as well as the number of doses, were significantly associated with greater anxiety. Multivariate analysis showed that having Severe Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy or having Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and receiving insulin therapy (alone or in combination with another treatment), were significantly associated with higher levels of anxiety. Conclusion: The well-established impact of DR on the patients’ well-being, quality of life and emotional status render DR and CME prevention, stabilization or delaying progression as a necessity in order to protect patients from developing psychiatric symptoms. On the other hand, the speculated bi-directional association between emotional problems and DR progression highlights the importance of acknowledging and dealing with psychological issues with the aim of delaying DR progression. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

20 pages, 1041 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Definition and Criteria for the Assessment of Expertise in Psychotherapy: Development of the Psychotherapy Expertise Questionnaire (PEQ)

by Alessio Gori, Eleonora Topino, Marco Cacioppo, Adriano Schimmenti and Vincenzo Caretti

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(11), 2478-2497; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13110173 - 02 Nov 2023

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Abstract

Therapist expertise is a complex, multifaceted, and continually evolving concept. Defining this construct and its constituent components can yield a substantial contribution to the field of psychotherapy, consequently enhancing the comprehension of the fundamental factors that underlie its effectiveness. Within this framework, the [...] Read more.

Therapist expertise is a complex, multifaceted, and continually evolving concept. Defining this construct and its constituent components can yield a substantial contribution to the field of psychotherapy, consequently enhancing the comprehension of the fundamental factors that underlie its effectiveness. Within this framework, the present research aimed at developing and assessing the psychometric properties of the Psychotherapy Expertise Questionnaire (PEQ), a self-report measure to assess therapist expertise. A sample of 260 psychotherapists of various theoretical orientations were involved in this research. They completed a survey that included the PEQ as well as other self-reported measures aimed at evaluating personality traits, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and insight orientation. The analysis provided evidence of a good fit for both a correlational model with eight factors and a higher-order model, where the eight subdimensions were grouped into subjective (performance; cognitive functioning; personal and relational qualities of the therapist; therapist self-assessment) and objective (experience; reputation with clients and colleagues; training and professional updating; deontological ethics and setting rules) factors. The eight dimensions, two higher-order factors, and total score all showed excellent levels of internal consistency. Furthermore, significant associations were found between PEQ scores and insight orientation, general self-efficacy, self-esteem, personality traits, and time exercising clinical practice. To conclude, the Psychotherapy Expertise Questionnaire (PEQ) is a valuable, theoretically guided, and psychometrically robust self-report measure designed to assess therapist expertise and its constitutive dimensions. This measure can have practical applications in guiding tailored training and customised supervision. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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11 pages, 283 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Developing a Healthcare and Medical School at King Faisal University: Implications for Educational Performance and Cost-Effectiveness

by Ali Almomin and Abu Elnasr E. Sobaih

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(11), 2388-2398; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13110168 - 30 Oct 2023

Viewed by 734

Abstract

This research explored the potential of developing a university healthcare and medical school within King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia, by merging four medical and/or healthcare colleges within the institution into a medical school. The objective of a medical school is to produce professionals [...] Read more.

This research explored the potential of developing a university healthcare and medical school within King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia, by merging four medical and/or healthcare colleges within the institution into a medical school. The objective of a medical school is to produce professionals who are capable of performing the most fundamental tasks in healthcare and medicine up to the expectations of the market. This research explored various case studies involving mergers, their importance, and how they were conducted to inform this research study. This study adopted a qualitative research approach to collect data from healthcare and medical colleges’ senior management, including deans, vice-deans, as well as heads of departments. The results showed several benefits of mergers, although some challenges were also raised. Culture, which some interviewees identified as change-resistant and risk-averse, was recognised as a key challenge for implementing mergers. Additionally, the need for generating funds for the merger projects was identified as a challenge at the start of the initiatives. Furthermore, compliance with regulations and laws at a public university is another challenge. This study identified the need for a strategic framework that builds on stakeholders’ involvement and proper communication and addresses the proposals’ repercussions. Some implications for educational performance and cost effectiveness were highlighted. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

14 pages, 2112 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Motivational Influences on Health, Well-Being, and Lifestyle: Validation of the Spanish Version of the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire in Four Health Domains

by Macarena De los Santos-Roig, Claudia Fusinato-Ponce and Manuel Fernández-Alcántara

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(11), 2328-2341; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13110164 - 26 Oct 2023

Viewed by 931

Abstract

Background: Motivation is a central concept in self-determination theory (SDT). The Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ), which assesses motivation (autonomous, controlled, etc.), has been widely used. However, less is known about its applicability to samples such as college students, who may be at risk [...] Read more.

Background: Motivation is a central concept in self-determination theory (SDT). The Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ), which assesses motivation (autonomous, controlled, etc.), has been widely used. However, less is known about its applicability to samples such as college students, who may be at risk of having unhealthy behavior in many areas (including smoking, poor dietary habits, alcohol, or tobacco consumption). As this population is transitioning to adulthood, research is needed to understand motivation and changing health patterns. In addition, the lack of instruments for this population in Spain has made the measurement validation process a priority. The purpose of this psychometric study was to adapt the TSRQ to Spanish college students and to examine its structural and validity across four health domains. Methods: Two samples of Spanish college students (n = 347 and n = 244) agreed to participate in the study. Participants completed a booklet containing measures of motivation, well-being, general health, anxiety, depression, and lifestyle. Results: CFA supported a five-dimensional structure in each domain. Reliability values were also adequate for each questionnaire. Regarding other sources of validity, statistically significant relationships between self-determination, health, and well-being were clearly confirmed, and autonomy was a significant predictor of lifestyle. Conclusions: The Spanish version of the TSRQ showed adequate psychometric properties (dimensionality and internal structure, reliability, and validity evidence regarding its relationships with other constructs) in college students. The Spanish TSRQ will provide future research aimed to understand the motivational role in college students’ health behavior and well-being. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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9 pages, 504 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Prisoners’ Educational Experiences in Five Different Prison Sports Programmes: A Research Note

by Johannes Müller, Rosie Meek, Jonna Blessing and Michael Mutz

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 2290-2298; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100162 - 23 Oct 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1164

Abstract

Organized sports programmes offer manifold opportunities for learning and personal development. Prisoners in organized sports programmes could profit from these educational opportunities, which could eventually support their process of reintegration into society. However, research on the educational experiences of imprisoned individuals during organized [...] Read more.

Organized sports programmes offer manifold opportunities for learning and personal development. Prisoners in organized sports programmes could profit from these educational opportunities, which could eventually support their process of reintegration into society. However, research on the educational experiences of imprisoned individuals during organized sports activities is scarce. Using quantitative survey data (N = 568 adult male prisoners) collected within the scope of the Hessian Prison Sports Study in Hesse, Germany, the present study examines educational experiences that are instigated through participation in five different prison sports programmes (fitness, racket, and team sports, running groups, and strength training). The results show that participants reported few educational experiences. The most common experiences reported were learning to exert effort and acquiring health-related knowledge. The findings reveal distinct patterns for specific sports programmes. For instance, team sports more frequently address cooperation skills and fairness. This paper advocates for more attention to the educational potential of sports in prison settings, where sports outcomes should be better aligned with the desired educational outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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14 pages, 708 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Examining Relationships between Cognitive Flexibility, Exercise Perceptions, and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

by Bryan M. Buechner, Miranda K. Traylor, Rachel I. Feldman, Kaitlyn F. Overstreet, Benjamin D. Hill and Joshua L. Keller

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 2276-2289; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100161 - 17 Oct 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1568

Abstract

Adults do not engage in enough physical activity. Investigating cognitive and physiological factors related to improving this behavior—and reducing health risks—remains a public health priority. Our objective was to assess whether cognitive flexibility influenced perceptions and choice of exercise programs and whether flexibility [...] Read more.

Adults do not engage in enough physical activity. Investigating cognitive and physiological factors related to improving this behavior—and reducing health risks—remains a public health priority. Our objective was to assess whether cognitive flexibility influenced perceptions and choice of exercise programs and whether flexibility was associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Independent sample groups of college-aged adults (18–24 yrs) participated in two studies. Data were collected on individuals’ degree of cognitive flexibility (both self-reported and objectively measured), perceptions and choice of exercise programs, and health status markers known to be associated with CVD (vascular function, muscular strength, and body composition). Vascular function was assessed with a near-infrared spectroscopy device, strength was defined as handgrip, and body composition was estimated via digital circumferences. Self-reported flexibility reliably predicted individuals’ choice of exercise program and perceptions of effort required for success on an exercise program. The relationships among CVD risk factors and objectively measured cognitive flexibility were not significant, demonstrating that identifying a healthy individual’s degree of performance-based cognitive flexibility does not predict health status. Furthermore, although greater self-reported trait flexibility (rigidity) is known to predict higher (lower) likelihood of physical activity, this finding should not be extrapolated to also assume that flexibility (rigidity), as measured by objective cognitive tests, is associated with reduced CVD risk in healthy adults. We posit a rationale for how understanding cognitive flexibility and rigidity can play an impactful role in improving adherence to exercise prescriptions targeted to reducing risks. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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11 pages, 298 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Factors in Immigrant Children’s Use of Physician and Dentist Visits, Hospital Care, and Prescribed Medication in the United States

by Tyrone C. Cheng and Celia C. Lo

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 2251-2261; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100159 - 14 Oct 2023

Viewed by 922

Abstract

Applying the behavioral model of health services utilization to data from the United States, this study examined immigrant children’s use of physician and dentist visits, hospital care, and prescribed medication. We employed data describing 9759 immigrant parents and children who participated in 2021’s [...] Read more.

Applying the behavioral model of health services utilization to data from the United States, this study examined immigrant children’s use of physician and dentist visits, hospital care, and prescribed medication. We employed data describing 9759 immigrant parents and children who participated in 2021’s National Survey of Children’s Health. Logistic regression results negatively linked physician visits to child health, child age, Asian children, fathers, lower parent education, lower family income, uninsured children, and parent’s U.S. residence under 5 years. Dentist visits were positively associated with child age, girls, Hispanic children, parent education, family income, public/private health insurance coverage, and U.S.-born children, but such use was associated negatively with Asian children. Hospital use was positively associated with poor child health, Black children, children of “other” race/ethnicity, younger parent age, enrolled in health insurance, and parent’s U.S. residence under 5 years. The use of prescribed medication was negatively associated with Asian children, younger child age, lower parent education, uninsured child, and lack of English proficiency. The paper’s conclusion suggests policymakers expand Medicaid and CHIP eligibility among immigrant children and suggests community education to foster awareness of children’s physical and oral health needs and of Medicaid, CHIP, and prescription assistance programs. The conclusion calls for healthcare providers and social workers to accommodate and respect immigrants’ traditional health-related beliefs, showing cultural competence. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

13 pages, 331 KiB

Open AccessArticle

From Policies to Practices: Factors Related to the Use of Inclusive Practices in Portugal

by Joana Cruz, Helena Azevedo, Marisa Carvalho and Helena Fonseca

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 2238-2250; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100158 - 13 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1038

Abstract

Inclusion is considered a foundation for quality education, and teachers’ inclusive practices are essential for success in mainstream classrooms. Portugal has been making progressive improvements in its policies for inclusive education, although there is little consistency in school practices within or between schools. [...] Read more.

Inclusion is considered a foundation for quality education, and teachers’ inclusive practices are essential for success in mainstream classrooms. Portugal has been making progressive improvements in its policies for inclusive education, although there is little consistency in school practices within or between schools. Moreover, data identifying the personal and career variables relevant to teachers’ inclusive practices in Portugal are scarce. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between teachers’ inclusive practices and personal and career-based characteristics, including gender, level of teaching, years of experience, roles performed at school, and perception of inclusive resources. The participants were 924 teachers who worked in private and public schools in Portugal. Regression analysis showed that perceived inclusive resources, level of teaching, and gender predicted variance in inclusive practices. Mean difference analyses revealed that teachers at the lower levels of teaching, females, and teachers reporting more inclusive resources had the highest scores for inclusive practices. These findings are discussed in terms of their practical relevance for inclusive school systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

12 pages, 296 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Wanna Bet? Investigating the Factors Related to Adolescent and Young Adult Gambling

by Amelia Rizzo, Valentina Lucia La Rosa, Elena Commodari, Dario Alparone, Pietro Crescenzo, Murat Yıldırım and Francesco Chirico

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 2202-2213; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100155 - 08 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1339

Abstract

For many adolescents and young adults, gambling can represent an attractive and exciting form of entertainment, a way to take risks and explore new experiences. However, gambling also poses a significant risk for this age group. Research suggests that adolescents and young adults [...] Read more.

For many adolescents and young adults, gambling can represent an attractive and exciting form of entertainment, a way to take risks and explore new experiences. However, gambling also poses a significant risk for this age group. Research suggests that adolescents and young adults are particularly vulnerable to the negative consequences of gambling, including addiction, financial difficulties, and mental health issues. This paper aims to critically examine data on adolescent and young adult gambling, focusing on the risk factors associated with gambling behavior. A total of 326 subjects (M_age = 19.01; SD =2.72), of whom 65.5% were female, completed a protocol containing a demographic sheet, the Lie/Bet Questionnaire, the Seven Domains Addiction Scale (7DAS), a subscale of the Addictive Behavior Questionnaire and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Specifically, we explored the impact of sociodemographic, environmental, psychological, and cognitive factors on adolescent and young adult gambling behavior. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

10 pages, 309 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Can Vitality and Mental Health Influence Upper Extremity Pain? A Prospective Cohort Study of 1185 Female Hospital Nurses

by Rodrigo Núñez-Cortés, Ander Espin, Joaquín Calatayud, Sofía Pérez-Alenda, Carlos Cruz-Montecinos, Rubén López-Bueno, Jonas Vinstrup, Markus D. Jakobsen and Lars Louis Andersen

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 2192-2201; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100154 - 07 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1043

Abstract

Musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity are among the most common occupational problems affecting nurses. The aim of this study was to analyze the prospective association between vitality and mental health and increased upper extremity pain intensity in female hospital nurses during a [...] Read more.

Musculoskeletal disorders of the upper extremity are among the most common occupational problems affecting nurses. The aim of this study was to analyze the prospective association between vitality and mental health and increased upper extremity pain intensity in female hospital nurses during a 1-year follow-up. A prospective cohort of 1185 female nurses from 19 hospitals in Denmark was conducted using baseline and 12-month follow-up questionnaires to identify potential associations between levels of vitality and mental health (SF-36 subscales) with pain intensity (0–10 scale) in the shoulder, elbow and hand/wrist regions. Associations were modeled using cumulative logistic regression. The fully adjusted model included the variables of age, baseline pain, body mass index, smoking status, years of occupation, leisure time physical activity level, number of daily patient transfers/handlings, as well as recognition and influence at work. The mean age was 48.3 (SD: 10.4) years. In the fully adjusted model, significant associations between low vitality levels and the odds of shoulder pain (OR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.43–2.68) and hand/wrist pain (OR = 2.32; 95%CI: 1.58–3.42) were observed. Likewise, moderate levels of mental health was associated with increased odds of shoulder pain at follow-up (OR = 1.50; 95%CI: 1.16–1.93). These results provide an important incentive for nursing managers to assess vitality and mental health among hospital nurses and to consider this factor in prevention strategies to ensure good worker health and, by extension, high-quality care. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

17 pages, 311 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring Emotions Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic through Death Education: A Qualitative Study at Italian Primary Schools

by Ines Testoni, Lorenza Palazzo, Erika Iacona, Ottavia Segalla, Laura Pizzolato, Matteo Rigo and Lea Ferrari

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(9), 1920-1936; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13090139 - 18 Sep 2023

Viewed by 915

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the lives of individuals, families, and children worldwide. In Italy, the implementation of measures such as lockdowns and distance learning in schools affected the mental health of children and families. Methods: This article employs a qualitative method [...] Read more.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the lives of individuals, families, and children worldwide. In Italy, the implementation of measures such as lockdowns and distance learning in schools affected the mental health of children and families. Methods: This article employs a qualitative method to explore the efficacy of a death education project that aimed to help primary school children process the emotions and losses that they experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study encompassed both the children who took part in the death education project and their teachers and parents to investigate their perspectives on the emotions of the minors and the effectiveness of the project. Results: Distance learning posed challenges for the learning process and exacerbated social inequalities. The children suffered from limited social contact with their friends and experienced negative emotions, including anger, fear, and concern for the health of their loved ones. The death education project provided a safe space for children’s emotional expression and facilitated their acquisition of coping strategies. Open communication between adults and children about illness and death proved effective in mitigating the psychological impacts of loss and preventing traumatic bereavement. Conclusion: The findings highlight the utility of death education in enhancing children’s ability to express their emotions and approach the topic of death more frankly. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

14 pages, 2191 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Validation and Psychometric Properties of the Gaming Instinctual Motivation Scale

by Ai Ni Teoh, Roberto Dillon and Divjyot Kaur

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(9), 1895-1908; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13090137 - 15 Sep 2023

Viewed by 1017

Abstract

Being able to quantify gaming motivation in a valid, systematic way has important implications for game designers and gaming user experience researchers. In the present study, we aimed to develop and validate a 30-item Gaming Instinctual Motivation Scale (GIMS) based on Dillon’s 6–11 [...] Read more.

Being able to quantify gaming motivation in a valid, systematic way has important implications for game designers and gaming user experience researchers. In the present study, we aimed to develop and validate a 30-item Gaming Instinctual Motivation Scale (GIMS) based on Dillon’s 6–11 Framework on instinctual gaming motivation and Lazzaro’s gaming experience model. To validate the scale, we recruited 194 regular gamers (M_age = 22.70 years old, SD = 4.38) to complete the GIMS based on their general gaming experience and their experience playing role-laying games (RPGs), first-person shooters (FPSs), real-time strategy, puzzle, and action games. We used a cross-validation approach and performed exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to test the structure of the scale and the reliability and validity of the scale, respectively. The final version of the GIMS had a one-dimensional structure with 15 items. It also had good construct validity, χ² (N = 117, df = 86) = 126.28, p = 0.003, CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.92, and RMSEA = 0.064 (90% CI [0.04, 0.09]), and reliability (CR = 0.89), and an acceptable convergent validity (AVE = 0.35). The one-dimensional structure was generalizable to RPG and FPS games, demonstrating the applicability of the scale to these two gaming genres. Higher scores on the GIMS were also associated with a greater intention to play games. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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15 pages, 593 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Physical Fitness and Psychosocial Profiles of Policewomen from Professional Training Courses and Bodyguard Special Police Sub-Unit

by Mariana Carrilho, Vanessa Santos, André Rasteiro and Luís Miguel Massuça

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(9), 1880-1894; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13090136 - 15 Sep 2023

Viewed by 868

Abstract

Police work demands a high level of physical fitness (PF) and psychosocial well-being (PSWB) to cope with the challenges and demands of the profession. The profession has historically been male-dominated, and female police officers (POs) face unique challenges and stereotypes. This study aims [...] Read more.

Police work demands a high level of physical fitness (PF) and psychosocial well-being (PSWB) to cope with the challenges and demands of the profession. The profession has historically been male-dominated, and female police officers (POs) face unique challenges and stereotypes. This study aims (i) to identify the PF and PSWB attributes that significantly distinguish the women from three different professional training courses (agents, chiefs, and officers) and (ii) to assess the significance of PF and PSWB attributes on the likelihood that women in professional training courses belonging to a special bodyguard police sub-unit. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted, involving 102 female POs (professional PO training courses, n = 94; special bodyguard police sub-unit, n = 8). PF (morphology; fitness, including endurance, strength, and flexibility tests) and PSWB (measured through scales for grit and dispositional resilience) attributes were assessed. Significant differences were observed in age, morphological (height and waist-to-hip ratio), fitness (horizontal jump and endurance tests), and PSWB (perseverance in effort and alienation) attributes among the three professional training courses. Stepwise discriminant analysis revealed that waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, relative fat mass, relative muscle mass, horizontal jump, and endurance on exertion significantly distinguished between the three groups. Complementarily, it was observed that the waist-to-hip ratio and sit-up attributes influence the probability of women from the professional training courses joining the special bodyguard police sub-unit. The study highlights that (i) female POs in different professional training courses showed distinct PF and PSWB profiles, and (ii) only two PF attributes (waist-to-hip ratio and sit-up) were predictors for the special bodyguard police sub-unit. In accordance, these findings provide valuable insights for designing training programs to support female POs in improving their PF, psychological well-being, and overall performance in the police profession. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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9 pages, 307 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Touch Avoidance with Close People and Strangers: Effects of Gender, Sexual Orientation, and Relationship Status

by Francesco Bruno, Chloe Lau, Carlotta Tagliaferro, Lena C. Quilty and Francesca Chiesi

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(9), 1850-1858; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13090134 - 14 Sep 2023

Viewed by 1135

Abstract

Human contact through physical touch is a core element in social bonding, which facilitates psychosocial well-being. Touch avoidance is an individual disposition that may prevent individuals from engaging in or benefiting from physical touch. The present study recruited 450 Italian participants (51.1% female) [...] Read more.

Human contact through physical touch is a core element in social bonding, which facilitates psychosocial well-being. Touch avoidance is an individual disposition that may prevent individuals from engaging in or benefiting from physical touch. The present study recruited 450 Italian participants (51.1% female) with a mean age of 32.2 ± 13.5 to complete a battery of demographic questionnaires and the Touch Avoidance Questionnaire (TAQ). Individuals who were single and reporting same-sex attraction avoided touch with family more often than their coupled counterparts or those reporting opposite-sex attraction. Moreover, males reporting same-sex attraction avoided touch with a potential partner more frequently. When comparing sex differences, women reported greater touch avoidance with opposite-sex friends more frequently, while males avoided touch with same-sex friends more frequently. Individuals reporting opposite-sex attraction reported greater touch amongst same-sex friends. Single males avoided touch with same-sex friends more frequently than those in a relationship. Overall, this contribution reflects the individual differences related to social touch avoidance with respect to sex, relationship status, and sexual orientation in an Italian sample. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

11 pages, 317 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Genetic Polymorphisms and Their Impact on Body Composition and Performance of Brazilians in a 105 Km Mountain Ultramarathon

by Marcelo Romanovitch Ribas, Fábio Kurt Schneider, Danieli Isabel Romanovitch Ribas, André Domingues Lass, Georgian Badicu and Júlio Cesar Bassan

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(9), 1751-1761; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13090127 - 10 Sep 2023

Viewed by 926

Abstract

Although the studied polymorphisms affect muscular proteins, aerobic adaptations, and recovery, their influence on the anthropometric variables and performance in ultramarathon runners is still poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the influence of ACTN3 R577X, ACE I/D, and CK MM [...] Read more.

Although the studied polymorphisms affect muscular proteins, aerobic adaptations, and recovery, their influence on the anthropometric variables and performance in ultramarathon runners is still poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the influence of ACTN3 R577X, ACE I/D, and CK MM A/G NcoI polymorphisms on the changes in the anthropometric variables and running time of 105 km mountain runners, in which 22 male Brazilian elite athletes (35.9 ± 6.5 years) were evaluated. Genotyping of the R577X (RR, RX, and XX), ACE I/D (DD, ID, and II), and CK MM A/G Ncol (AA, AG, and GG) polymorphisms was performed using the Polymerase Chain Reaction–Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique with DNA extracted from saliva. Body composition was determined via bioimpedance. Pre- and post-race weight differences were observed on athletes with the AA genotype (77.1 ± 5.9 kg; 74.6 ± 5.6 kg) compared with those with the AG genotype (74.5 ± 8.0 kg; 68 ± 5.1 kg) (p = 0.02; p = 0.02). The RR genotype showed a correlation between BMI and running time (R = 0.97; p = 0.004). The genotype II showed a correlation with % fat and fat mass concerning running time (R = 0.91; p = 0.003; R = 0.99; p < 0.0001). The AA genotype was associated with post-race weight and lean mass loss, while the RR genotype correlated with BMI, and the genotype II correlated with % body fat and fat mass in relation to times in the 105 km mountain ultramarathon. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

21 pages, 1104 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Retrospective Post-Hospitalisation COVID-19 Mortality Risk Assessment of Patients in South Africa

by Alexander Boateng, Daniel Maposa and Reshoketswe Mokobane

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(9), 1655-1675; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13090120 - 01 Sep 2023

Viewed by 760

Abstract

Background: This study explores the determinants impacting the mortality risk of COVID-19 patients following hospitalisation within South Africa’s Limpopo province. Methods: Utilising a dataset comprising 388 patients, the investigation employs a frailty regression model to evaluate the influence of diverse characteristics [...] Read more.

Background: This study explores the determinants impacting the mortality risk of COVID-19 patients following hospitalisation within South Africa’s Limpopo province. Methods: Utilising a dataset comprising 388 patients, the investigation employs a frailty regression model to evaluate the influence of diverse characteristics on mortality outcomes, contrasting its performance against other parametric models based on loglikelihood measures. Results: The findings underscore diabetes and hypertension as notable contributors to heightened mortality rates, underscoring the urgency of effectively managing these comorbidities to optimise patient well-being. Additionally, regional discrepancies come to the fore, with the Capricorn district demonstrating elevated mortality risks, thereby accentuating the necessity for precisely targeted interventions. Medical interventions, particularly ventilation, emerge as pivotal factors in mitigating mortality risk. Gender-based distinctions in mortality patterns also underscore the need for bespoke patient care strategies. Conclusions: Collectively, these outcomes supply practical insights with implications for healthcare interventions, policy formulation, and clinical strategies aimed at ameliorating COVID-19 mortality risk among individuals discharged from hospitals within South Africa’s Limpopo province. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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10 pages, 297 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Family Structural Dimensions: A Correlational Study

by Margarida Silva, Manuela Ferreira, Helena Loureiro, Teresa Kraus, Angelica Santos and Maria Henriqueta Figueiredo

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(9), 1590-1599; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13090115 - 25 Aug 2023

Viewed by 795

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic caused changes in the families’ social support network, employment status, and family income, which are the focus of attention of family health nurses. This study aims to describe the pandemic’s repercussions in the areas of attention of the structural dimension [...] Read more.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused changes in the families’ social support network, employment status, and family income, which are the focus of attention of family health nurses. This study aims to describe the pandemic’s repercussions in the areas of attention of the structural dimension of families according to the Dynamic Model of Family Assessment and Intervention, as perceived by Portuguese families, and to relate the changes in their employment status according to the variables of the structural dimension. A quantitative, descriptive, and correlational study was conducted using snowball sampling. A questionnaire of sociodemographic characterization and assessment of the family structural dimension according to the model’s operational matrix was applied to 235 family members. Changes were found in their employment status; family income; intensity and frequency of contact with family, friends, and coworkers; frequency of contact with educational/health/religious institutions and community groups; cultural activities; and housing comfort conditions such as the use of heating/air conditioning, gas, and water consumption. Changes in employment status were related to family income, interaction with friends, frequency of cultural activities, and use of air conditioning and heating. Knowing the implications of the pandemic on the family’s structural dimension results in a nursing intervention more focused on family needs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

21 pages, 1897 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Structural Relationships between Learning Emotion and Knowledge Organization and Management Processes in Distance Learning Environments: “An Applied Study”

by Shoeb Saleh, Rommel AlAli, Yousef Wardat, Mohammed Al-Qahtani, Yasser Soliman and Mamdouh Helali

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(9), 1569-1589; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13090114 - 24 Aug 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 994

Abstract

The widespread adoption and expansion of distance learning necessitates the consideration of issues related to learning passion, which is the strong desire of learners towards a specific activity of high value and meaning that enables the use of relevant cognitive and behavioral strategies [...] Read more.

The widespread adoption and expansion of distance learning necessitates the consideration of issues related to learning passion, which is the strong desire of learners towards a specific activity of high value and meaning that enables the use of relevant cognitive and behavioral strategies to acquire, store, apply, share, use, absorb, and create knowledge. The current study aimed to measure learners’ practices of learning emotion processes, knowledge management, and organization in distance learning environments using tangible indicators. The study utilized a descriptive correlational approach to identify the effects of the study variables, including learning emotion (harmonious passion—emotional obsession), on knowledge management through the mediating role of self-regulation in distance learning environments. The results show that learners’ practices of learning emotion processes, knowledge management, and organization in distance learning environments were higher than average, and there was a significant correlation between emotion, self-regulation, and knowledge management. Additionally, learning emotion (harmonious passion and emotional obsession) had a statistically significant effect on self-organization processes and knowledge management. Structural equation modeling analysis confirmed the validity of the proposed path model, indicating that self-regulation plays a crucial role in mediating the relationship between emotion and knowledge management in distance learning environments. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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18 pages, 862 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Psychometric Validity of the Areas of Work Life Scale (AWS) in Teachers and Healthcare Workers in México

by Arturo Juárez-García, César Merino-Soto and Javier García-Rivas

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(8), 1521-1538; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13080111 - 15 Aug 2023

Viewed by 1554

Abstract

The areas of work life scale (AWS) has shown to be a suitable marker of perceived fit between employees’ abilities and the psychosocial demands of the job, but validation studies are practically nonexistent in the Latino population. The purpose of this study was [...] Read more.

The areas of work life scale (AWS) has shown to be a suitable marker of perceived fit between employees’ abilities and the psychosocial demands of the job, but validation studies are practically nonexistent in the Latino population. The purpose of this study was twofold: firstly, to examine the factor structure, reliability, and invariance between sex and occupation of the AWS scale, and secondly, to test the AWS–burnout relationship within the framework of the structural mediational model proposed by Leiter and Maslach (2005). N = 305 health workers and N = 324 teachers from different work settings answered the AWS and MBI-GS scales. In this study, 64.4% of the participants were females (N = 405), and the mean age was 34.7 (sd = 11.7, rank = 56). Robust methods for statistical analyses were used. The results showed that the original version had marginal fit indices due to a method effect (negative phrasing items), and when seven negative items were removed, a final best model was found (CFI = 0.997; RMSEA = 0.060; SRMRu = 0.047). Non-invariance between occupation and sex was found, and the internal consistency was from marginal to satisfactory (ω = 0.658 to 0.840). The mediational structural model tested confirmed the expected associations between AWS and burnout. In conclusion, the Mexican translation of the AWS in its 22-reduced version showed reliability and validity in Mexican work contexts, specifically in healthcare workers and teachers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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14 pages, 1479 KiB

Open AccessArticle

University Experience during the First Two Waves of COVID-19: Students’ Experiences and Psychological Wellbeing

by Valentina Lucia La Rosa and Elena Commodari

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(8), 1477-1490; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13080108 - 11 Aug 2023

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1671

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to analyze Italian university students’ psychological needs, learning experiences, and wellbeing during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study was carried out during the first wave of the pandemic, and then during the second. A [...] Read more.

Background: This study aimed to analyze Italian university students’ psychological needs, learning experiences, and wellbeing during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study was carried out during the first wave of the pandemic, and then during the second. A total of 1230 university students (654 in stage 1 and 576 in stage 2) completed a battery of validated questionnaires exploring students’ experiences in distance learning, perceived health risks related to COVID-19, and psychological wellbeing. Results: MANOVA showed a significant main effect of the pandemic stage on students’ learning experience and wellbeing. In particular, students were more distracted and concerned about their academic careers during the second phase of the pandemic than in the first. Furthermore, the pandemic stage also significantly affected health risk perceptions and fear of COVID-19, which were higher during the second wave of the pandemic. Female gender and concern for a university career were significant risk factors for high levels of negative affectivity and low levels of positive affectivity during the pandemic. In contrast, adherence to COVID-19 restriction measures and good family support were protective factors. Conclusions: It is essential to promote adequate university psychological services to support university students who have experienced the adverse psychological effects of the pandemic and enhance the resilience factors needed to improve their wellbeing in the post-pandemic period. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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11 pages, 1172 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exploring the Impact of Labour Mobility on the Mental Health and Wellbeing of Skilled Trades Workers in Ontario, Canada

by Vijay Kumar Chattu, Ali Bani-Fatemi, Aaron Howe and Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(8), 1441-1451; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13080105 - 05 Aug 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1803

Abstract

Labour mobility and subsequent workers migration is an increasing trend worldwide and can be a force that counteracts Canada’s shortage of skilled labour. Supercommuting allows workers facing economic challenges to pursue more financially advantageous work opportunities in other regions. This study aimed to [...] Read more.

Labour mobility and subsequent workers migration is an increasing trend worldwide and can be a force that counteracts Canada’s shortage of skilled labour. Supercommuting allows workers facing economic challenges to pursue more financially advantageous work opportunities in other regions. This study aimed to evaluate the “supercommuting” labour mobility model and its impact on long-distance mobile workers’ mental health and wellbeing. We utilized a non-experimental research design using convenience sampling from workers who participated in Blue Branch Inc.’s (Hamilton, Canada) supercommuting labour mobility model. An online questionnaire collected demographic data, work-related data, occupational stress measures related to burnout, and job-related stress data. Data collection was started on 1 April 2021, and of the total 58 participants, the majority (44, 76%) were male, born outside Canada, and had an average age of 32.8 years. Workplace Safety (95%), full-time employment opportunity (95%), career advancement possibility (95%), and income and benefits (94.9%) were found to be the most crucial factors to keep study participants working in their current position. Of the 47 participants who experienced burnout, only one showed severe burnout in each domain (personal, work-related, and colleague-related). There is a great need for preventative burnout programs and supportive employer resources for those who engage in long-distance labour commuting. The study emphasizes the need to encourage policymakers to develop solutions for training future Ontario workers to support mobile employment and long-distance labour commuting. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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18 pages, 661 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Personality Traits and Physical Activity: Insights from German University Students

by Carsten Müller

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(8), 1423-1440; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13080104 - 03 Aug 2023

Viewed by 2021

Abstract

This study explores the intriguing relationship between personality traits, self-rated fitness (SRF), and physical activity (PA) variables among German university students (N = 4244) and sheds light on the impact of personality on adherence to PA guidelines. Employing an online cross-sectional study, the [...] Read more.

This study explores the intriguing relationship between personality traits, self-rated fitness (SRF), and physical activity (PA) variables among German university students (N = 4244) and sheds light on the impact of personality on adherence to PA guidelines. Employing an online cross-sectional study, the short-form of the Big Five Inventory-2 assessed five domains of personality traits (Extraversion, Negative Emotionality, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Open-Mindedness). PA, including sitting time, was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (short-form). SRF and muscle-strengthening activities (MSA) were assessed with one item each. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses examined associations of individual personality trait domains and all domains combined with SFR, PA variables, and adherence to PA guidelines, controlling for sociodemographic, behavioral, and (mental) health covariates. Most reliably, Extraversion and Conscientiousness revealed positive associations with PA variables, while Negative Emotionality yielded inverse relationships with PA variables. For instance, each unit increase in Extraversion corresponded to an additional 17 min of weekly MSA. On the contrary, daily sitting time was unrelated to personality. Of note, high Open-Mindedness was associated with lower odds for adhering to current PA guidelines. The findings have implications for developing targeted interventions that promote a physically active lifestyle and support students’ well-being and academic success. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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16 pages, 830 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Experienced vs. Novice Participants Perception of Overall Quality and Intention to Join in Future Sport Trials: Case European Duathlon Championship

by Ana-María Magaz-González, César Sahelices-Pinto, Cristina Mendaña-Cuervo and Marta García-Tascón

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(8), 1395-1410; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13080102 - 28 Jul 2023

Viewed by 1510

Abstract

Even though athletes’ experience has been ascertained to shape the perception of quality in sports events, scarce studies have addressed this issue jointly with the intent to join in upcoming comparable sports challenges. (1) Background: The present research investigates how the experience determines [...] Read more.

Even though athletes’ experience has been ascertained to shape the perception of quality in sports events, scarce studies have addressed this issue jointly with the intent to join in upcoming comparable sports challenges. (1) Background: The present research investigates how the experience determines the evaluation of the championship and future intentions. (2) Methods: The PLS (SEM) method was evaluated specifically for both novice and experienced duathlon participants, and secondly, the fsQCA methodology was applied with the intention to estimate combinatorial net effects to confirm the hypothesis proposed. (3) Results reveal that the overall quality is equally important for novice and experienced individuals as a determinant of future intentions. However, novices tend to value more positively all the dimensions analyzed, while experienced ones noted higher levels of demand. (4) These findings highlight the importance of designing adequate management strategies for the participants with different levels of performance. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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16 pages, 927 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Menstrual Abnormalities in Female International Students in Japan: Changes during Pre-Arrival, Difficult, and Current Periods

by Yukie Matsuura, Yoko Abe, Yoshie Motoki, Nam Hoang Tran and Toshiyuki Yasui

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(7), 1362-1377; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13070099 - 21 Jul 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1453

Abstract

The number of Japan’s international students has rapidly increased in the last decade. This study examines the relationship between menstrual abnormalities in cycle and symptoms, stress level, and lifestyle of female international students in Japan across three time periods, namely pre-arrival, difficult, and [...] Read more.

The number of Japan’s international students has rapidly increased in the last decade. This study examines the relationship between menstrual abnormalities in cycle and symptoms, stress level, and lifestyle of female international students in Japan across three time periods, namely pre-arrival, difficult, and current time periods. A cross-sectional design was employed, and data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire, including the menstrual distress questionnaire (MDQ), between December 2022 and February 2023. The questionnaire was distributed to 56 female international students from two universities in Japan, and a total of 29 valid responses were collected. We found varying menstrual cycle abnormalities and severity of menstrual symptoms across three time periods, with the difficult period after arrival in Japan displaying the highest symptom severity. Higher stress levels were significantly associated with more severe menstrual symptoms. Lifestyle habits such as alcohol consumption were also linked to menstrual symptoms. The current study emphasizes the importance of providing menstrual education, support, and resources to address international students’ unique challenges in managing their menstrual health while studying abroad. By promoting awareness, education, and access to healthcare services, universities may contribute to international students’ well-being and academic success. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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32 pages, 11261 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Preliminary Adaptation of Motor Tests to Evaluate Fine Motor Skills Associated with Mathematical Skills in Preschoolers

by Pedro Flores, Eduarda Coelho, Maria Isabel Mourão-Carvalhal and Pedro M. Forte

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(7), 1330-1361; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13070098 - 20 Jul 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2239

Abstract

Mathematics is the subject in which many school-age children reveal difficulties. The literature has shown that fine motor skills, namely fine motor coordination and visuomotor integration, have been more robustly associated with mathematical performance. Studies have shown the importance that instruments have to [...] Read more.

Mathematics is the subject in which many school-age children reveal difficulties. The literature has shown that fine motor skills, namely fine motor coordination and visuomotor integration, have been more robustly associated with mathematical performance. Studies have shown the importance that instruments have to evaluate these skills, however, the characteristics of these instruments do not fit the reality of kindergartens, they are usually time consuming and expensive and are usually administered by specialists. Thus, the main objective of this study was to identify, select, adapt and validate motor tests to evaluate fine motor skills associated with mathematical skills to allow the kindergarten teachers to apply them simultaneously to the class, with few material resources, in a short period of time and without the need for a lot of training to apply, score and classify. For this purpose, firstly, it was necessary to understand the main difficulties highlighted by kindergarten teachers regarding the use of instruments to evaluate fine motor skills and, thus, elaborate criteria to identify and select the tests that best fit the reality of kindergartens. The test identified, selected and adapted to evaluate fine motor coordination was threading beads from the Movement Evaluation Battery for Children, 2nd Edition. The main adaptation of the test was related to time, that is, instead of counting the time it takes the child to string the total number of cubes on the string, we counted the number of cubes the child strung on the string in a pre-defined time. To evaluate visual–motor integration, the test identified, selected and adapted was the Visual–Motor Integration (6th Edition) test. The main adaptation was related to material resources, that is, it will be possible to apply the test using only one sheet per child instead of the seven suggested by the original test. After the preliminary adaptation of the tests, their validation was performed by means of the degree of reliability (test-retest) and predictive validity. The results indicated that the adapted tests presented an excellent degree of reliability (>0.9) and could therefore be used to administer them simultaneously to the class group. The adapted Visual–Motor Integration test seems to be the most suitable one to be used by kindergarten teachers, in a classroom context, to simultaneously evaluate students’ fine motor skills and associate their results with mathematical skills. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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12 pages, 627 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Sexual Well-Being in Individuals with Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study on the Role of Self-Esteem and Acceptance of Illness

by Rafał Gerymski and Marta Szeląg

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(7), 1318-1329; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13070097 - 19 Jul 2023

Viewed by 1002

Abstract

Schizophrenia is one of the most severe chronic mental illnesses. It drastically changes an individual’s life and well-being. Sexual well-being in schizophrenia is often sidelined, even though it is one of the main areas for maintaining quality of life. Based on the conservation [...] Read more.

Schizophrenia is one of the most severe chronic mental illnesses. It drastically changes an individual’s life and well-being. Sexual well-being in schizophrenia is often sidelined, even though it is one of the main areas for maintaining quality of life. Based on the conservation of resources theory (COR) and empirical data, we assume that self-esteem and acceptance of illness help in coping with schizophrenia and maintaining sexual well-being. This pilot study aimed to determine the relationship between self-esteem, acceptance of illness, and sexual well-being in Polish individuals with schizophrenia. The results of 60 individuals were included in this study. In the present study, the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), and Short Sexual Well-Being Scale (SSWBS) were used. The study showed a significant association between self-esteem, acceptance of illness, and sexual well-being. Self-esteem (β = 0.62) and acceptance of illness (β = 0.55) acted as positive and significant predictors of sexual well-being in individuals with schizophrenia. Acceptance of illness was also found to play a mediating role between self-esteem and sexual well-being in people with schizophrenia (indirect effect: β = 0.34; LLCI = 0.063; ULCI = 0.839). The current pilot study demonstrates the relationship between self-esteem, acceptance of illness, and sexual well-being. Our findings highlight the significant role of acceptance of illness in maintaining sexual well-being among individuals with schizophrenia. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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12 pages, 534 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Antecedents of the Technology Acceptance Model in Microentrepreneurs’ Intention to Use Social Networking Sites

by Rubinia Celeste Bonfanti, Francesco Tommasi, Andrea Ceschi, Riccardo Sartori and Stefano Ruggieri

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(7), 1306-1317; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13070096 - 17 Jul 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1929

Abstract

Social media platforms offer significant growth opportunities for enterprises, particularly microenterprises, due to the chance to establish direct contact with customers. Drawing on the Technology-Acceptance Model (TAM), in the present study, we investigate the psychological reasons that lead microentrepreneurs to use Social Networking [...] Read more.

Social media platforms offer significant growth opportunities for enterprises, particularly microenterprises, due to the chance to establish direct contact with customers. Drawing on the Technology-Acceptance Model (TAM), in the present study, we investigate the psychological reasons that lead microentrepreneurs to use Social Networking Sites (SNSs) for their business. In doing so, we also extend TAM by taking into account entrepreneurs’ personalities (e.g., extraversion and openness to experience) and their perceived risk. We collected data by examining 247 microentrepreneurs engaged in the production of handmade objects. Our results confirm that of all the TAM behavioral antecedents tested, perceived usefulness and attitude toward SNSs’ usage for business proved to be the best predictors of the intention to use SNSs for business activity. The results also indicate that extraversion, openness to experience, and perceived risk, as external factors, significantly affect the TAM constructs. We discuss implications and suggestions for future research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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13 pages, 1029 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparing Life Expectancy Determinants between Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates from 1980–2020

by Anak Agung Bagus Wirayuda, Abdulaziz Al-Mahrezi and Moon Fai Chan

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(7), 1293-1305; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13070095 - 13 Jul 2023

Viewed by 1371

Abstract

Despite marked advancements, life expectancy (LE) growth in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has remained stagnant compared to other developed nations. This study aims to investigate the significant correlation between macroeconomic (ME), sociodemographic (SD), and health status and resources (HSR) [...] Read more.

Despite marked advancements, life expectancy (LE) growth in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has remained stagnant compared to other developed nations. This study aims to investigate the significant correlation between macroeconomic (ME), sociodemographic (SD), and health status and resources (HSR) factors and LE to formulate an explanatory model for Saudi Arabia and the UAE—a previously unexplored area. Utilizing an ecological, retrospective, time-series study design, we delved into secondary data on SD, ME, and HSR factors and LE of the populations of the UAE and Saudi Arabia spanning three decades (1980–2020). We employed partial least squares–structural equation modeling for statistical analysis. Our analysis revealed significant direct impacts of HSR factors on LE for Saudi Arabia (β = 0.958, p < 0.001) and the UAE (β = 0.716, p < 0.001). Furthermore, we discerned a notable indirect influence of ME factors on LE, mediated through SD and HSR factors for Saudi Arabia (β = 0.507, p < 0.001) and the UAE (β = 0.509, p < 0.001), along with a considerable indirect effect of SD factors on LE through HSR (Saudi: β = 0.529, p < 0.001; UAE: β = 0.711, p < 0.001). This study underscores the mediating role of a nexus of ME–SD–HSR factors on LE in Saudi Arabia and the UAE. Consequently, these findings signal an imperative need for holistic policy interventions addressing ME, SD, and HSR factors, aiming to alter health behaviors and improve LE projections for Saudi Arabia and the UAE in the long run. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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24 pages, 12699 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Examining the Influence of Exploration and Parental Education Attainment on Students’ Acceptance of Collectivist Values

by Ruining Jin, Tam-Tri Le, Minh-Hoang Nguyen and Quan-Hoang Vuong

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(7), 1269-1292; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13070094 - 13 Jul 2023

Viewed by 1528

Abstract

Exploration can help students access a wider range of information and make connections among values within the natural and social world. This study investigated the relationship between students’ previous exploration of their surroundings and their acceptance of collectivist values in the context of [...] Read more.

Exploration can help students access a wider range of information and make connections among values within the natural and social world. This study investigated the relationship between students’ previous exploration of their surroundings and their acceptance of collectivist values in the context of China. A sample of 343 college students was analyzed based on the Bayesian Mindsponge Framework to explore this relationship. The results revealed a positive association between students’ prior exploration of surroundings and their degree of collectivist orientation. Furthermore, parental education attainment was found to negatively moderate this association, albeit with a small effect size. These findings contribute to the understanding of how information acquisition influences students’ acceptance of collectivist values and highlight the potential role of the family infosphere in shaping this relationship. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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12 pages, 853 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preliminary Validation of Digital Photography to Assess the Home Food Environment

by Daniela Quan, Isaac Michael and Elizabeth Gollub

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(7), 1257-1268; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13070093 - 12 Jul 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 992

Abstract

The home food environment (HFE), the availability and accessibility of foods and food products within the home, has a strong influence on healthy eating behaviors. Studies assessing the HFE commonly utilize a home food inventory (HFI) for data collection. However, this approach tends [...] Read more.

The home food environment (HFE), the availability and accessibility of foods and food products within the home, has a strong influence on healthy eating behaviors. Studies assessing the HFE commonly utilize a home food inventory (HFI) for data collection. However, this approach tends to be burdensome for participants. This study validated a low-burden digital photo method for assessing the home food environment and confirmed that this method is preferred by participants. Study participants completed an HFI, submitted photos of household foods, then identified preference for the HFI or photo reporting method. Researchers completed an HFI based on each participant’s photo submissions. Researcher-to-participant and researcher-to-researcher comparisons were made through ANOVA and randomized block analyses to determine concurrent validity and inter-rater reliability. Method preference was assessed using the Z-test. The participant group (N = 53) was predominantly female (68%), young adult (90.5%), and Hispanic or Latino (71.7%). Concurrent validity was initially moderate (ĸ = 0.54); adjustments yielded substantial agreement (ĸ = 0.61). The inter-rater reliability (p = 0.98) demonstrated significant consistency among reviewers. The photo-documentation method was found to be valid and preferred (p = 0.01) for reporting on the HFE. The photo method can be used advantageously to collect quality data. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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15 pages, 454 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Impact of a Training Program Based on Next-Generation Science Standards on Scientific Inquiry

by Eman Najjar and Wajeeh Daher

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(7), 1173-1187; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13070087 - 25 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1273

Abstract

The Next-Generation Science Standards (NGSS) are standards concerned with K-12 grades. This study aimed to identify the impact of a training program based on Next-Generation Scientific Inquiry (NGSI) through training 30 science teachers and investigating the training impact on teachers’ use of inquiry [...] Read more.

The Next-Generation Science Standards (NGSS) are standards concerned with K-12 grades. This study aimed to identify the impact of a training program based on Next-Generation Scientific Inquiry (NGSI) through training 30 science teachers and investigating the training impact on teachers’ use of inquiry in their teaching. The study attempted to answer the following question: What is the impact of a training program based on the NGSS on the inquiry practices of primary school science teachers? The study’s data collection tools included two focus groups and nine semi-structured interviews. Data analysis utilized the thematic analysis framework. The research results showed an impact of the training program on the inquiry practices of teachers via changes in the teachers’ roles: the teacher became a facilitator and motivator through planning her/his activities efficiently. Students in the training program’s science classroom developed into researchers and scientists who autonomously acquired their knowledge. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

13 pages, 1363 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Value of Care: An Exploratory Qualitative Study with Doctors and Patients

by Leda Marino and Vincenza Capone

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(7), 1117-1129; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13070084 - 21 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1293

Abstract

The concept of value in healthcare is mainly based on economic and financial aspects. However, the literature has emphasised the need to investigate value from other perspectives. The present study aimed to explore the views of physicians and patients on the value of [...] Read more.

The concept of value in healthcare is mainly based on economic and financial aspects. However, the literature has emphasised the need to investigate value from other perspectives. The present study aimed to explore the views of physicians and patients on the value of healthcare, and to examine in depth the psychosocial and organisational elements that have emerged but that need to be investigated more. Therefore, two qualitative studies were performed, in which 69 physicians and 111 patients participated. The data were analysed using content analysis and text mining using t-lab software. The results revealed common elements between the two healthcare actors that constitute value in healthcare, including competence, professionalism, and soft skills like communication and empathy. Furthermore, the importance of functioning health services and effective organisational culture in local healthcare and investment emerged. These findings can guide healthcare organisations to consider the potential psychosocial factors related to value in healthcare, which affect organisation in terms of costs and healthcare relationships. In addition, these findings are a first step in filling the gap found in the literature regarding the consideration of value from a non-economic perspective and the difficulty of defining and measuring it. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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20 pages, 1892 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Environmentally Specific Servant Leadership and Brand Citizenship Behavior: The Role of Green-Crafting Behavior and Employee-Perceived Meaningful Work

by Ibrahim A. Elshaer, Alaa M. S. Azazz, Chokri Kooli, Ali Saleh Alshebami, Mohammad M. A. Zeina and Sameh Fayyad

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(6), 1097-1116; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13060083 - 19 Jun 2023

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2093

Abstract

Sustainability and environmental concerns have become increasingly important in the business world, with organizations seeking to integrate sustainable practices and enhance their brand citizenship behavior. Servant leadership that is focused on the environment is a type of leadership approach that gives prominence to [...] Read more.

Sustainability and environmental concerns have become increasingly important in the business world, with organizations seeking to integrate sustainable practices and enhance their brand citizenship behavior. Servant leadership that is focused on the environment is a type of leadership approach that gives prominence to preserving and promoting environmental sustainability. This study aims to examine the impact of environmentally specific servant leadership on brand citizenship behavior, with a focus on the mediating roles of green-crafting behavior and employee-identified meaningful work. Drawing on data from a survey of 319 employees working in hotels, this study conducted partial least square–structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) to test a dual-moderated mediation model to explore the direct and indirect effects of environmentally specific servant leadership on brand citizenship behavior. The results of this study reveal that environmentally specific servant leadership has a significant and positive impact on green-crafting behavior and employee meaningful work. Moreover, green-crafting behavior and employee-perceived meaningful work both mediate the link between environmentally specific servant leadership and brand citizenship behavior. Specifically, green-crafting behavior acts as a mediator between environmentally specific servant leadership and employee-perceived meaningful work, while employee-perceived meaningful work mediates the link between green-crafting behavior and brand citizenship behavior. These findings have important implications for managers and organizations that seek to enhance their sustainability and brand citizenship behavior. Specifically, this study highlights the critical role of environmentally specific servant leadership (ESSL) in promoting green-crafting behavior and employee-perceived meaningful work, which in turn influence brand citizenship behavior. Therefore, organizations can improve their brand citizenship performance by developing ESSL behaviors and practices that foster green-crafting behavior and employee-perceived meaningful work. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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24 pages, 1883 KiB

Open AccessArticle

“It’s Easy to Put Oneself in the Shoes of Others.” Results of a School Study in Geography Lessons on Working with Authentic Personal Narratives in Comparison to Factual Texts

by Astrid Lütje and Alexandra Budke

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(6), 1058-1081; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13060081 - 18 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1140

Abstract

Texts represent the most frequently used medium in geography teaching, although they do not belong to leading subject-specific media. Despite their undisputed didactic importance, they have not yet been sufficiently researched. In this article, we consider the use of authentic and personal narratives [...] Read more.

Texts represent the most frequently used medium in geography teaching, although they do not belong to leading subject-specific media. Despite their undisputed didactic importance, they have not yet been sufficiently researched. In this article, we consider the use of authentic and personal narratives in geography lessons. We first show their theoretical potential for realistic, multi-perspective and motivating teaching. Then, we present a school study in which the use of authentic, personal narratives was investigated in comparison to a factual text. The areas of investigation were the students’ understanding of the content of a geographical topic, their memory performance and their motivation to work. The results show that authentic, personal narratives are better suited than factual texts to convey a topic to pupils in a multi-perspective and differentiated way. They also confirm their potential to empathise better with other people and to understand their actions through changes in perspective. Regarding recall performance, however, the results show no difference between the two groups. Finally, the results of the school study are considered in the context of forming suggestions for the use of authentic, personal narratives in geography lessons. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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15 pages, 649 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Relationship between the Health Literacy and Self-Medication Behavior of Primary Health Care Clientele in the Hail Region, Saudi Arabia: Implications for Public Health

by Aidah Sanad Alqarni, Eddieson Pasay-an, Reynita Saguban, Dolores Cabansag, Ferdinand Gonzales, Sameer Alkubati, Sandro Villareal, Grace Ann Lim Lagura, Salman Amish Alshammari, Bader Emad Aljarboa and Romeo Mostoles, Jr.

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(6), 1043-1057; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13060080 - 18 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1845

Abstract

Background and aim: Because they are unaware of the potential adverse effects of medications, people frequently self-medicate as a form of self-care. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with health literacy and the propensity to self-medicate among the primary healthcare clientele [...] Read more.

Background and aim: Because they are unaware of the potential adverse effects of medications, people frequently self-medicate as a form of self-care. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with health literacy and the propensity to self-medicate among the primary healthcare clientele of the city of Hail, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional approach with the participation of 383 primary health center clientele of the Hail Region of Saudi Arabia. Participation was enacted via convenience sampling from December 2022 to February 2023. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The investigation utilized descriptive statistics as well as multiple linear regression and correlation for the data analysis. Results: Participants who were aged 30 years and above, single, had a college degree, were non-Saudi, had a white-collar occupation and received information from the internet/Google/YouTube had a significant relationship (p < 0.05) with health literacy. On the self-medication scale (SMS), there were significant relationships with age, marital status, educational level and occupation (p < 0.05). The nationality and source of information factors related to health had a positively significant effect on health literacy (p < 0.01), while middle age (24–29 years) had a positive effect on the self-medication scores (p < 0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between the health literacy screening scale (BRIEF) and the self-medication scale (SMS) scores (r = 421, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Age of 30 years old or above, single status, a college degree, non-Saudi status, white-collar occupation and receiving information from the internet/Google/YouTube were all significant for health literacy. There were also significant relationships with the SMS scores for age, marital status, educational level and occupation. The factors affecting health literacy were older participant age, nationality and the source of information regarding health. Conversely, among the participants, being in the middle-aged group (24–29 years) was a factor that affected their self-medication scores. There was a significant positive correlation between the health literacy screening scale (BRIEF) and the self-medication scale (SMS). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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11 pages, 678 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Measuring Vulnerability in Grief: The Psychometric Properties of the Italian Adult Attitude to Grief Scale

by Alessio Gori, Eleonora Topino, Pierluigi Imperatore, Alessandro Musetti, Julius Sim and Linda Machin

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(6), 975-985; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13060074 - 04 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1430

Abstract

Although experiences of loss and the consequent grief are natural in human life, some individuals may have difficulty managing these events, to the point of developing significant impairment in their functioning in important life areas. Given this, the present research aimed to explore [...] Read more.

Although experiences of loss and the consequent grief are natural in human life, some individuals may have difficulty managing these events, to the point of developing significant impairment in their functioning in important life areas. Given this, the present research aimed to explore the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Adult Attitude to Grief scale (AAG) to facilitate research on adult vulnerability to grief among Italian-speaking populations. A sample of 367 participants (M_age = 30.44, SD = 11.21; 78% females) participated in this research. A back-translation procedure was implemented to develop the Italian AAG. Then, participants completed the Italian AAG alongside a battery of other self-report psychometric scales in order to assess aspects of the construct validity of the AAG: the Forty-Item Defense Style Questionnaire, the Impact of Event Scale—Revised, and the Beck Depression Inventory–II. A bifactor structure was found to have the best fit to the data, supporting the possibility of using both the general factor (i.e., vulnerability) and three dimensions (i.e., overwhelmed, controlled, and resilient). Unlike the original version, the control dimension emerged as a “protective” factor in the Italian population, together with the resilient factor. Furthermore, results provided satisfactory indications of internal consistency and construct validity. In conclusion, the Italian AAG was shown to be a valid, reliable, quick, and easy-to-use scale that can be used both for research and clinical practice in the Italian context. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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11 pages, 619 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Ability and Trait Emotional Intelligence: Do They Contribute to the Explanation of Prosocial Behaviour?

by Ana Babić Čikeš and Jasmina Tomašić Humer

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(6), 964-974; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13060073 - 02 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1612

Abstract

Previous research on ability emotional intelligence (EI) has shown that EI positively contributes to different positive life outcomes. However, the role of EI abilities in prosocial behaviour (PSB) has not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships [...] Read more.

Previous research on ability emotional intelligence (EI) has shown that EI positively contributes to different positive life outcomes. However, the role of EI abilities in prosocial behaviour (PSB) has not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationships between EI abilities measured by tests and self-reports, empathy and PSB in the student population. A total of N = 331 university students completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, two EI tests, and self-report measures of EI, cognitive empathy, emotional reactivity and PSB. Of all EI measures, only self-reports correlated with PSB. Cognitive and emotional empathy were also related to PSB. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that self-assessed EI, cognitive empathy and emotional reactivity were predictors of PSB. Cognitive empathy and emotional reactivity also mediated the relationship between self-assessed EI and PSB. The results showed that for the prediction of PSB, it is important how a person evaluates his emotional abilities, and not what the actual level of these abilities is. Furthermore, people with higher self-estimated EI behave prosocially more often because they experience empathy to a greater extent, both cognitively and emotionally. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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13 pages, 1449 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Student Dropout as a Never-Ending Evergreen Phenomenon of Online Distance Education

by Sevgi Elibol and Aras Bozkurt

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(5), 906-918; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13050069 - 19 May 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1852

Abstract

The research on student dropout demonstrates that there is no consensus on its definition and scope. Although there is an expanding collection of research on the topic, student dropout remains a significant issue, characterized by numerous uncertainties and ambiguous aspects. The primary aim [...] Read more.

The research on student dropout demonstrates that there is no consensus on its definition and scope. Although there is an expanding collection of research on the topic, student dropout remains a significant issue, characterized by numerous uncertainties and ambiguous aspects. The primary aim of this investigation is to assess the research trends of student dropout within the distance education literature by employing data mining and analytic approaches. To identify these patterns, a total of 164 publications were examined by applying text mining and social network analysis. The study revealed some intriguing facts, such as the misinterpretation of the term “dropout” in different settings and the inadequacy of nonhuman analytics to explain the phenomenon, and promising implications on how to lessen dropout rates in open and distance learning environments. Based on the findings of the study, this article proposes possible directions for future research, including the need to provide a precise definition of the term “dropout” in the context of distance learning, to develop ethical principles, policies, and frameworks for the use of algorithmic approaches to predict student dropout, and finally, to adopt a human-centered approach aimed at fostering learners’ motivation, satisfaction, and independence to reduce the rate of dropout in distance education. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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13 pages, 652 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Causal Analysis of Young Adults’ Binge Drinking Reduction and Cessation

by Tyrone C. Cheng and Celia C. Lo

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(5), 870-882; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13050066 - 18 May 2023

Viewed by 1326

Abstract

Background: This study, using the multiple disadvantage model (MDM), sought to identify factors (disadvantaging social disorganization, social structural, social integration, health/mental health, co-occurring substance use, and substance treatment access factors) in young adults’ binge drinking reduction and cessation in the United States. Methods: [...] Read more.

Background: This study, using the multiple disadvantage model (MDM), sought to identify factors (disadvantaging social disorganization, social structural, social integration, health/mental health, co-occurring substance use, and substance treatment access factors) in young adults’ binge drinking reduction and cessation in the United States. Methods: We extracted data on 942 young adult binge drinkers (25–34 years, 47.8% female) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), carrying out a temporal-ordered causal analysis, meaning the evaluation of select variables’ impacts on an outcome at a subsequent time. Results: MDM found a relatively high reduction likelihood for non-Hispanic African Americans and respondents with relatively more education. MDM found a relatively low reduction likelihood accompanying an alcohol-related arrest, higher income, and greater number of close friends. Change to nondrinking was found more likely for non-Hispanic African Americans, other non-Hispanic participants having minority ethnicity, older respondents, those with more occupational skills, and healthier respondents. Such change became less likely with an alcohol-related arrest, higher income, relatively more education, greater number of close friends, close friends’ disapproval of drinking, and co-occurring drug use. Conclusions: Interventions incorporating a motivational-interviewing style can effectively promote health awareness, assessment of co-occurring disorders, friendships with nondrinkers, and attainment of occupational skills. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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9 pages, 300 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Relationship between Orthorexia Nervosa and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

by Mirko Duradoni, Mustafa Can Gursesli, Maria Fiorenza and Andrea Guazzini

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(5), 861-869; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13050065 - 17 May 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1572

Abstract

Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is characterized by an intense avoidance of foods considered unhealthy, obsession with healthy eating behaviors, and pathological fixation on healthy foods. Although there are still debates in the literature about the psychological factors and symptoms of ON, it should be [...] Read more.

Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is characterized by an intense avoidance of foods considered unhealthy, obsession with healthy eating behaviors, and pathological fixation on healthy foods. Although there are still debates in the literature about the psychological factors and symptoms of ON, it should be noted that many of the symptoms share common features with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between ON and OCD with its subtypes. In this framework, the cross-sectional study was conducted with an opportunistic sample of 587 participants (86% women and 14% men), with an average age of 29.32 (s.d. = 11.29; age range = 15–74). Our work showed that almost all OCD subtypes were largely correlated with ON. The lowest correlation was for “Checking” and the highest for “Obsession”. Overall, the OCD subtypes (i.e., Indecisiveness, Just Right, Obsession, and Hoarding) were more strongly associated with ON measures, while subtypes Checking and Contamination, although positively associated, had lower correlation coefficients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

16 pages, 1068 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Factors Affecting the Adoption of Online Database Systems for Learning among Students at Economics Universities in Vietnam

by Thi Minh Phuong Nguyen

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(5), 820-835; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13050062 - 08 May 2023

Viewed by 1577

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the determinants that influence the adoption of online databases in the learning process of students at economics universities in Vietnam. A quantitative study with a meta-analysis was conducted by utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM). The sample consisted of [...] Read more.

This study aims to evaluate the determinants that influence the adoption of online databases in the learning process of students at economics universities in Vietnam. A quantitative study with a meta-analysis was conducted by utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM). The sample consisted of 492 students from economics universities located in Vietnam who were surveyed using stratified random sampling. The results indicate that the adoption of online databases in student learning is influenced by six determinants, namely: (i) perceived effectiveness, (ii) perceived ease of use, (iii) technical barriers, (iv) personal usefulness, (v) usage attitudes, and (vi) convenience. Our study has revealed that students’ intention to use the online database system is positively influenced by their perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. These findings could be valuable in shaping policies for enhancing the online database system at economics universities, taking into account the students’ characteristics and the institution’s needs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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11 pages, 1445 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Smartphones and Learning: Evaluating the Focus of Recent Research

by Kendall Hartley, Bobby Hoffman and Alberto Andújar

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(4), 748-758; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13040056 - 06 Apr 2023

Viewed by 3186

Abstract

The smartphone has become integral to most aspects of students’ lives and is the primary conduit for accessing the internet. Objective research into the promise and dangers of this device is critical. While educational uses of the smartphone with young adults hold promise, [...] Read more.

The smartphone has become integral to most aspects of students’ lives and is the primary conduit for accessing the internet. Objective research into the promise and dangers of this device is critical. While educational uses of the smartphone with young adults hold promise, the potential for harm is also present. While objectivity is valued, the focus of researchers can subjectively skew towards optimistic or pessimistic views of technology. The topics addressed in smartphone and learning research illuminate trends and potential biases in the field. This study investigates the issues addressed in smartphone and learning research in the past two years. These topics are compared with smartphone research in a similar field: psychology. The study, using a bibliometric approach, identified an overall negative arc of the literature towards topics such as addiction, depression, and anxiety in the psychology literature. The educational literature topics were comparatively more positive than psychology. Highly cited papers in both fields reflected explorations of adverse outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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12 pages, 2677 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Muscular and Prefrontal Cortex Activity during Dual-Task Performing in Young Adults

by Marina Saraiva, Maria António Castro and João Paulo Vilas-Boas

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(4), 736-747; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13040055 - 31 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1873

Abstract

Postural control depends on attentional resources besides automatic processes. The dual-task paradigm is a possible approach to analyzing the interference and performance between motor and/or cognitive tasks. Various studies showed that, when individuals simultaneously perform two tasks, the postural stability can decline during [...] Read more.

Postural control depends on attentional resources besides automatic processes. The dual-task paradigm is a possible approach to analyzing the interference and performance between motor and/or cognitive tasks. Various studies showed that, when individuals simultaneously perform two tasks, the postural stability can decline during a dual-task compared with a single-task due to the attentional resources required performing the tasks. However, little is known about the cortical and muscular activity pattern during dual-task performance. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the muscular and prefrontal activity under dual-task performance in healthy young adults. Thirty-four healthy young adults (mean age ± SD = 22.74 ± 3.74 years) were recruited to perform a postural task (standing posture) and a dual-task (maintaining standing posture while performing a cognitive task). Lower-limb muscle activity was bilaterally collected from five muscles using surface electromyography (sEMG), and the co-contraction index (CCI) was also calculated for selected muscle pairings. The oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations (prefrontal cortex activity) were recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Data were compared between single- and dual-task performance. Prefrontal activity increased (p < 0.05), and muscle activity decreased in most analyzed muscles (p < 0.05), from the single-task to cognitive dual-task performing. The co-contraction index patterns changed from single- to dual-task conditions in most selected muscle pairs (p < 0.05). We conclude that the cognitive task negatively interfered with motor performance once the muscle activity decreased and the prefrontal cortex activity increased under a dual-task, suggesting that young adults prioritized cognitive task performance, and they allocated more attentional resources to the cognitive task over the motor performance. Understanding the neuromotor changes can help adopt a better clinical practice to prevent injuries. However, future studies are recommended to assess and monitor muscular and cortical activity during the dual-task performance to provide additional information about the cortical and muscular activity patterns in postural control while performing a dual-task. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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14 pages, 956 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Inspection Digital Literacy for School Improvement

by María del Carmen Martínez-Serrano, Manuel Angel Romero-García, Inmaculada García-Martínez and Óscar Gavín-Chocano

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(4), 701-714; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13040053 - 29 Mar 2023

Viewed by 1382

Abstract

Educational inspection, as an essential part of the current educational environment, supports its mission through more pragmatic and comprehensive processes, techniques, and models, which guarantee the right of students to quality education. The aim of the present study was to determine the causal [...] Read more.

Educational inspection, as an essential part of the current educational environment, supports its mission through more pragmatic and comprehensive processes, techniques, and models, which guarantee the right of students to quality education. The aim of the present study was to determine the causal effect of gender and age on the dimensions of the instrument in the inspector population. Specifically, 118 male and female inspectors from the Educational Inspection Service of Andalusia (Spain) participated, with an average age of 47.56 years (±5.70). In terms of gender, 30 were women (25.40%) and 88 were men (74.60%). An instrument was developed specifically for this study with the purpose of assessing the participants’ opinions of the extent to which their work contributes to educational improvement. The results evidenced the relationship between the dimensions of the instrument: attention to members of the educational community (AMEC), supervision of guidance and tutorial action (SGTA), attention and inclusion of diversity (AID), and technological resources (TR) (p < 0.01). Similarly, the multigroup model obtained good structural validity (χ² = 68.180; RMSEA = 0.078; GFI = 0.923; CFI = 0.959; IFI = 0.967). In terms of gender, no significant differences were obtained, although the results were moderately superior among males compared to females. In relation to age, younger inspectors had better TR results, and older inspectors had better AMEC and SGTA results. The conclusions strengthen the importance of the Education Inspection Service in educational establishments, highlighting the need to supervise the processes of attention and inclusion for diversity. A great deal of resistance was observed, especially as there is a lack of training in information and communication technology (ICT). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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16 pages, 1507 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Perception of Bullying in Early Childhood Education in Spain: Pre-School Teachers vs. Psychologists

by María-Luz Fernández-Alfaraz, María Nieto-Sobrino, Álvaro Antón-Sancho and Diego Vergara

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(3), 655-670; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13030050 - 20 Mar 2023

Viewed by 2397

Abstract

In this work, quantitative research is carried out on the perceptions of early childhood education teachers and child psychologists about the incidence of bullying behaviors in early childhood education (3 to 6 years old) and their knowledge and experience in this regard. For [...] Read more.

In this work, quantitative research is carried out on the perceptions of early childhood education teachers and child psychologists about the incidence of bullying behaviors in early childhood education (3 to 6 years old) and their knowledge and experience in this regard. For this purpose, two questionnaires were used, each of them oriented to one of the two groups of professionals analyzed, whose answers were subjected to statistical analysis. As for results, it has been obtained that early childhood education teachers express having received deficient training in school bullying and have little experience in its detection and treatment. Furthermore, the teachers’ conception of bullying occurring in their own schools is not realistic and differs from the knowledge they have of the existence of bullying behavior in other schools. Likewise, the existence of action plans against bullying in the school conditions the teachers’ assessments. The assessments held by psychologists differ significantly from those of teachers, mainly in the identification of the origin of bullying (which teachers attribute to the use of digital technologies and psychologists to the social and family environment of the aggressor). Finally, some implications and recommendations in terms of the training of educational professionals on bullying and the need for greater collaboration between teachers and psychologists are reported. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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Review

Jump to: Research, Other

14 pages, 631 KiB

Open AccessReview

Graphic Novels and Comics in Undergraduate and Graduate Medical Students Education: A Scoping Review

by Fabrizio Consorti, Sara Fiorucci, Gianfranco Martucci and Silvia Lai

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 2262-2275; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100160 - 16 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1678

Abstract

There is an increasing use of graphic novels and comics (GnCs) in medical education, especially—but not only—to provide students with a vicarious learning experience in some areas of clinical medicine (palliative care, difficult communication, and rare diseases). This scoping review aimed to answer [...] Read more.

There is an increasing use of graphic novels and comics (GnCs) in medical education, especially—but not only—to provide students with a vicarious learning experience in some areas of clinical medicine (palliative care, difficult communication, and rare diseases). This scoping review aimed to answer questions about how GnCs are used, the theories underlying their use, and the learning outcomes. Twenty-nine articles were selected from bibliographic databases and analyzed. A thematic analysis revealed four many themes: learning outcomes, students’ reactions, theories and methods, and use of GnCs as vicarious learning. GnCs can support the achievement of cognitive outcomes, as well as soft skills and professionalism. The reactions were engagement and amusement, but drawing comics was also perceived as a protected space to express concerns. GnCs proved to be a possible way to provide a vicarious experience for learning. We found two classes of theories on the use of GnCs: psychological theories based on the dual concurrent coding of text and images and semiotics theories on the interpretation of signs. All the studies but two were single arm and observational, quantitative, qualitative, or mixed. These results suggest that further high-quality research on the use of GnC in medical training is worthwhile. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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23 pages, 509 KiB

Open AccessReview

How Do Children Play with Toy Trains and for What Benefits? A Scoping Review

by Salim Hashmi

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 2112-2134; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100149 - 30 Sep 2023

Viewed by 1380

Abstract

Children play with different toys in different ways which may be associated with different developmental outcomes. While existing work has investigated different categories of toys, differences may also be present within specific toy categories. Therefore, understanding how specific toys promote play behaviours and [...] Read more.

Children play with different toys in different ways which may be associated with different developmental outcomes. While existing work has investigated different categories of toys, differences may also be present within specific toy categories. Therefore, understanding how specific toys promote play behaviours and their associated developmental outcomes has important implications for teachers, parents, caregivers, and researchers. To better understand how children play with toy trains, whether groups of children show a particular preference for toy trains and what (if any) associated benefits there are for playing with toy trains, 36 studies published in psychology and educational databases up to December 2022 were reviewed. A key finding emerged regarding the importance of the structured, realistic, and familiar nature of toy trains being important for facilitating pretend play as well as social collaboration behaviours during social play. Whilst findings in relation to gender-stereotyped preferences for playing with toy trains were mixed and no gender differences were found in research investigating play styles, neurodivergent children were found to have a preference for toy trains. These findings are important given that certain play styles, pretend play in particular, have been associated with benefits in children’s executive function, language, creativity, and social understanding. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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29 pages, 7982 KiB

Open AccessReview

A Holistic Investigation of the Relationship between Digital Addiction and Academic Achievement among Students

by Tijen Tülübaş, Turgut Karakose and Stamatios Papadakis

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 2006-2034; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100143 - 22 Sep 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4057

Abstract

Digital addiction (DA), an umbrella term referring to addiction to any type of digital media, such as the internet, smartphone, digital games, and social media, is a significant factor influencing students’ academic achievement (AA). Many scholars have contributed to this line of research [...] Read more.

Digital addiction (DA), an umbrella term referring to addiction to any type of digital media, such as the internet, smartphone, digital games, and social media, is a significant factor influencing students’ academic achievement (AA). Many scholars have contributed to this line of research from around the world. Nevertheless, the literature lacks a holistic investigation of how the DA–AA research field evolved, which could guide future studies. The current study aims to address this void and conducts a combined bibliometric and science mapping analysis of research addressing the relationship between DA and AA. Data were retrieved from the WoS database, considered one of the optimal databases for such studies with its comprehensive coverage of quality journals. One hundred eighteen articles were included in the final dataset and were analyzed using the SciMAT software, which allowed analysis over three consecutive periods and yielded comparable results regarding the conceptual and thematic evolution of the DA–AA domain. The results indicated an increased research interest in the topic, especially during the last five years. The science mapping analysis showed that the most-studied types of addiction were smartphone addiction for the first two periods and social media addiction for the last. Research in the DA–AA domain which focused on understanding the addictive use of smartphones during the first period, evolved to address factors such as self-efficacy or life satisfaction leading to smartphone addiction and lower grades. During the third period, the number of factors addressed gained significant variety and covered family-related and personal factors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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20 pages, 820 KiB

Open AccessReview

Digital versus Paper Reading: A Systematic Literature Review on Contemporary Gaps According to Gender, Socioeconomic Status, and Rurality

by Igor Peras, Eva Klemenčič Mirazchiyski, Barbara Japelj Pavešić and Žiga Mekiš Recek

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 1986-2005; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100142 - 22 Sep 2023

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Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the literature on electronic reading (e-reading) versus paper reading. The main objective was to assess the current state of research comparing digital and paper reading outcomes among students aged 6–18 years old, as well as assessing [...] Read more.

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the literature on electronic reading (e-reading) versus paper reading. The main objective was to assess the current state of research comparing digital and paper reading outcomes among students aged 6–18 years old, as well as assessing the impact of various factors (gender, socioeconomic status, and school location) in explaining the differences between the two modes. Inclusion criteria included the following: participants (6–18 years), research focus (comparing digital reading and paper reading), study type (quantitative or mixed methods), publication (peer reviewed between 2015 and 2022), and language (English). A systematic search in four databases (WOS, Scopus, ERIC, and JSTOR) in August 2022 was conducted by three reviewers. The search revealed 23 studies matching the inclusion criteria. The findings from the reviewed studies are diverse, with some reporting no significant differences in reading comprehension between the two modes, while others suggest screen inferiority, thereby favoring paper reading. Individual-level predictors, such as prior comprehension skills and reading habits, play a crucial role in determining reading performance across modes. Family-level factors, such as the number of books at home, and school-level factors, like the usage of ICT resources, influence both paper and digital reading comprehension. Moreover, gender differences in attitudes and performance towards different reading modes are apparent. SES is positively associated with reading achievement in both modes, with a larger effect shown for paper reading. Overall, the comparison between electronic and paper reading modes reveals a complex interplay of individual and contextual factors influencing reading comprehension and attitudes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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12 pages, 1729 KiB

Open AccessReview

Positive and Negative Impacts of Gamification on the Fitness Industry

by Fezile Ozdamli and Fulbert Milrich

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(8), 1411-1422; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13080103 - 02 Aug 2023

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Abstract

Gamification features to motivate individuals to exercise have become a trend in the fitness sector that is gaining popularity. It is based on the idea that adding fun and competitive components to workout routines will inspire people to achieve their fitness objectives and [...] Read more.

Gamification features to motivate individuals to exercise have become a trend in the fitness sector that is gaining popularity. It is based on the idea that adding fun and competitive components to workout routines will inspire people to achieve their fitness objectives and maintain a healthy lifestyle. This research study attempts to analyze the literature that explores this concept of gamification in detail, and create a picture of how its implementation has changed fitness and healthy habits. This research incorporated the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach as its research methodology. Search strategy used a set of inclusion-exclusion criteria that helped us examine through hundreds of articles identified in the Web of Science and SCOPUS databases. After exclusive and inclusion criteria, 48 articles were selected to be reviewed in detail. Results have indicated that gamification strategy is a supporting factor to overcome the difficulties of executing exercises. Also, to improve the willingness towards fitness regimens. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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28 pages, 6034 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

The 3 × 2 Achievement Goals in the Education, Sport, and Occupation Literatures: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

by Marc Lochbaum, Cassandra Sisneros and Zişan Kazak

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(7), 1130-1157; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13070085 - 21 Jun 2023

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Abstract

Achievement goal theory has been a dominant motivation framework since the 1980s. The 3 × 2 achievement goal framework emerged in the literature in 2011. We aimed to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis following the PRISMA guidelines of the 3 × 2 [...] Read more.

Achievement goal theory has been a dominant motivation framework since the 1980s. The 3 × 2 achievement goal framework emerged in the literature in 2011. We aimed to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis following the PRISMA guidelines of the 3 × 2 achievement goal research in education, sport, and occupation settings. We retrieved articles from searching EBSCOhost and Google Scholar platforms. Eligible articles contained the 3 × 2 achievement goal in education, sport, or occupation, were published in a peer-reviewed journal, and provided mean data or correlate data. We tested hypotheses concerned with (1) the overall pattern of achievement goal endorsement, (2) achievement goal differences by domain (education, sport) and compulsory nature of the domains or sub-domains, and (3) achievement goal relationships with correlates (e.g., learning strategies, motivations, performance). After screening, 56 articles met all inclusion criteria, providing 58 samples across education (n = 44), sport (n = 10), and occupation (n = 4) settings with 35,031 unique participants from 15 countries. Participants endorsed the task- and self-approach goals more than the counterpart avoidance goals, other-avoidance goals more than other-approach goals, and the intercorrelations and reliability coefficients were acceptable. Minimal impact results from examining within and across study bias statistics. Of importance, the domain (i.e., education, sport) and the compulsory nature of the domain or sub-domains (i.e., primary-secondary education, sport) moderated goal endorsement (group mixed-effects p < 0.05, g values medium to very large). These groupings also moderated the other goal differences. Concerning our correlates analyses, most meta-analyzed correlations among the achievement goals and correlates were small in meaningfulness with the largest correlations (0.30–0.42) between the approach goals merged and the task- and self-approach goals and facilitative learning strategies and desired motivations. In conclusion, the 3 × 2 achievement goals literature is diverse. Furthering the study and application of this model requires overcoming inherent limitations (i.e., consistent response scale sets), teasing out differences between the task- and self-goals, measuring performance outcomes, and cross-cultural collaborations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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15 pages, 558 KiB

Open AccessReview

Physical Exercise Decreases Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Central and Peripheral Tissues of Rodents: A Systematic Review

by Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes, Georgian Badicu, Gabriela Carvalho Jurema Santos, Tayrine Ordonio Filgueira, Rafael dos Santos Henrique, Raphael Fabrício de Souza, Felipe J. Aidar, Fabrício Oliveira Souto, Patrícia Chakur Brum and Claudia Jacques Lagranha

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(6), 1082-1096; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13060082 - 19 Jun 2023

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Abstract

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) affects many tissues and contributes to the development and severity of chronic diseases. In contrast, regular physical exercise (PE) has been considered a powerful tool to prevent and control several chronic diseases. The present systematic review aimed to [...] Read more.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) affects many tissues and contributes to the development and severity of chronic diseases. In contrast, regular physical exercise (PE) has been considered a powerful tool to prevent and control several chronic diseases. The present systematic review aimed to evaluate the impact of different PE protocols on ER stress markers in central and peripheral tissues in rodents. The eligibility criteria were based on PICOS (population: rodents; intervention: physical exercise/physical training; control: animals that did not undergo training; outcomes: endoplasmic reticulum stress; studies: experimental). The PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Scopus, and Scielo databases were analyzed systematically. Quality assessment was performed using SYRCLE’s risk of bias tool for animal studies. The results were qualitatively synthesized. Initially, we obtained a total of 2.490 articles. After excluding duplicates, 30 studies were considered eligible. Sixteen studies were excluded for not meeting the eligibility criteria. Therefore, 14 articles were included. The PE protocol showed decreased levels/expression of markers of ER stress in the central and peripheral tissues of rodents. PE can decrease ER stress by reducing cellular stress in the cardiac, brain, and skeletal muscle tissues in rodents. However, robust PE protocols must be considered, including frequency, duration, and intensity, to optimize the PE benefits of counteracting ER stress and its associated conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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21 pages, 1330 KiB

Open AccessReview

Instructional Design Made Easy! Instructional Design Models, Categories, Frameworks, Educational Context, and Recommendations for Future Work

by Hassan Abuhassna and Samer Alnawajha

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(4), 715-735; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13040054 - 30 Mar 2023

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Abstract

Educators and course designers may face great hurdles when designing courses if they include an online setting. Instructional design (ID) has played a vital role as a change agent in facilitating the pedagogical and technological transformation of educators and students. However, some instructors [...] Read more.

Educators and course designers may face great hurdles when designing courses if they include an online setting. Instructional design (ID) has played a vital role as a change agent in facilitating the pedagogical and technological transformation of educators and students. However, some instructors still find ID challenging and there are information gaps regarding instructional design models, categories, educational context, and recommendations for future work. This systematic literature review (SLR) analyzed 31 publications using PRISMA to address this gap. The results of this review suggest combining ID models with broader theoretical frameworks. Investigations and research on ID should include a bigger number of ID types. It is highly recommended that extra frameworks be added to the ID procedure. To explore and grasp all parties engaged in ID, including the role of the instructor, the ID designer, and the student, it is important for additional educational contexts to be amalgamated. For novices in the field, such as graduate students, it is crucial to pay close attention to the several phases and techniques of ID. This review sheds light on the trends, future agenda, and research requirements associated with ID in educational settings. It might serve as a basis for future research on ID in educational contexts. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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15 pages, 474 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

The Influence of Sleep Disorders on Neurobiological Structures and Cognitive Processes in Pediatric Population with ASD and Epilepsy: A Systematic Review

by Miguel López-Zamora, Alejandro Cano-Villagrasa, Antonio Cortés-Ramos and Nadia Porcar-Gozalbo

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(11), 2358-2372; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13110166 - 27 Oct 2023

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Abstract

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and epilepsy are increasingly prevalent comorbidities in our society. These two disorders are often accompanied by other comorbidities, such as sleep disorders, significantly impacting the quality of life of individuals with ASD and epilepsy. To date, clinical approaches have [...] Read more.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and epilepsy are increasingly prevalent comorbidities in our society. These two disorders are often accompanied by other comorbidities, such as sleep disorders, significantly impacting the quality of life of individuals with ASD and epilepsy. To date, clinical approaches have primarily been descriptive in nature. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between ASD, epilepsy, and sleep disorders, exploring neurobiological dysfunctions and cognitive alterations. A total of 22 scientific articles were selected using a systematic literature review following the criteria established using the PRISMA model. The selected articles were gathered from major databases: Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria specified that study participants had an official diagnosis of ASD, the article precisely described the evaluation parameters used in the study participants, and individual characteristics of the sleep disorders of the study participants were specified. The results indicate, firstly, that the primary cause of sleep disorders in this population is directly linked to abnormal serotonin behaviors. Secondly, significant alterations in memory, attention, and hyperactivity were observed. In conclusion, sleep disorders negatively impact the quality of life and neurocognitive development of the pediatric population with ASD and epilepsy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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10 pages, 614 KiB

Open AccessOpinion

To Check or Not to Check? A Comment on the Contemporary Psychometrics (ConPsy) Checklist for the Analysis of Questionnaire Items

by Alexander Robitzsch

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 2150-2159; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100151 - 06 Oct 2023

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Abstract

In a recent paper, the first version of the contemporary psychometrics (ConPsy) checklist for assessing measurement tool quality has been published. This checklist aims to provide guidelines and references to researchers to assess measurement properties for newly developed measurement instruments. The ConPsy checklist [...] Read more.

In a recent paper, the first version of the contemporary psychometrics (ConPsy) checklist for assessing measurement tool quality has been published. This checklist aims to provide guidelines and references to researchers to assess measurement properties for newly developed measurement instruments. The ConPsy checklist recommends appropriate statistical methods for measurement instrument evaluation to guide researchers in instrument development and to support peer review. In this opinion article, I critically review some aspects of the checklist and question the usefulness of certain psychometric analyses in research practice. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

17 pages, 646 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Factors Contributing to School Effectiveness: A Systematic Literature Review

by Špela Javornik and Eva Klemenčič Mirazchiyski

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(10), 2095-2111; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13100148 - 30 Sep 2023

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Abstract

This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the literature on school effectiveness, with a focus on identifying the main factors that contribute to successful educational outcomes. The research question that this paper aimed to address is “what are the main factors [...] Read more.

This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the literature on school effectiveness, with a focus on identifying the main factors that contribute to successful educational outcomes. The research question that this paper aimed to address is “what are the main factors of school effectiveness?”. We were interested in several descriptors such as school, effectiveness/efficiency theories, effectiveness/efficiency research and factors. Studies (published within the 2016–2022 period) were retrieved through two databases: JSTOR and ERIC. This paper defines several categories identified by school effectiveness research. Within these categories, various factors that affect the students’ outcomes and the defined effectiveness in school are listed. As the results show, the issue of school effectiveness is multifaceted, as the effectiveness of schools is a complex concept that can be measured through various indicators such as academic achievement, student engagement and teacher satisfaction. The review of school effectiveness revealed that several factors contribute to effective schools, such as strong leadership, effective teaching practices, a positive school culture and parental involvement. Additionally, school resources, such as funding and facilities, can impact school effectiveness, particularly in under-resourced communities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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19 pages, 1072 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Psychological Counseling among University Students Worldwide: A Systematic Review

by Silvia Cerolini, Andrea Zagaria, Costanza Franchini, Vito Giuseppe Maniaci, Alexandro Fortunato, Chiara Petrocchi, Anna Maria Speranza and Caterina Lombardo

Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2023, 13(9), 1831-1849; https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe13090133 - 14 Sep 2023

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Abstract

University counseling services (UCSs) are actively involved in mental health assessment and in supplying interventions aimed at preventing, facing and possibly overcoming psychological problems. However, we do not have a global overview of psychological counseling among universities. This systematic review aims at reviewing [...] Read more.

University counseling services (UCSs) are actively involved in mental health assessment and in supplying interventions aimed at preventing, facing and possibly overcoming psychological problems. However, we do not have a global overview of psychological counseling among universities. This systematic review aims at reviewing the literature on university psychological counseling, including articles documenting: (1) mental health and attitudes regarding help-seeking behaviors and UCSs among university students or counselors, (2) the description of protocols/services among UCSs, (3) the efficacy of psychological counseling/interventions among university students (both face-to-face and internet-delivered interventions). The study followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered on PROSPERO. After defining inclusion and exclusion criteria, a literature search was conducted, identifying 7085 records. Finally, 152 articles met the review eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. Results are divided into seven thematic topics that emerged during the analysis of the literature. The results mainly showed that face-to-face and web-based counseling/psychological interventions improve university students’ mental health. Cross-sectional studies showed that many biases exist toward help-seeking behaviors, especially among international students. Both students and counselors must strive to overcome cultural barriers. Available resources for UCSs are scarce and need to be strengthened, as well as efficacy studies through randomized clinical trials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in European Journal of Investigation in Health Psychology and Education)

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