Conservation Genetics and Biogeography of Seed Plant Species II

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Biodiversity Conservation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 4721

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
CSIC-ICUB—Instituto Botanico de Barcelona, 08038 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: biogeography; conservation genetics; East Asia; ecological niche modeling; invasive alien species; Mediterranean Basin; phylogeography; rare and endangered species
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CSIC-ICUB - Instituto Botanico de Barcelona, 08038 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: biogeography; evolution; invasive species; Mediterranean Basin; molecular dating; phylogeography; polyploidy; rare and endangered species; speciation; systematics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
CSIC-ICUB - Instituto Botanico de Barcelona, 08038 Barcelona, Spain
Interests: biogeography; conservation genetics; evolution; hybridization; phylogeny; polyploidy; speciation; systematics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Spermatophytes or seed plants are the largest and most diverse group among land plants, with over 300,000 described and accepted species. Having appeared on Earth at the end of the Devonian period (ca. 370 mya), the extraordinary geological and climatic changes that have occurred since then have interplayed with genetic diversity (the raw material on which evolution acts), creating and transforming, but also extinguishing plant species.

Maintaining sufficient levels of genetic variability in populations of seed plant species is the basis for their adaptation to novel, changing environments (and, thus, for molecular/phenotypic evolution and lineage diversification), but also it may help to prevent certain processes, such as genetic drift and inbreeding and, ultimately, their extinction. The development of neutral molecular markers, such as allozymes, microsatellites, AFLPs, or ISSRs, has allowed the evaluation of genetic diversity within and between populations, at local, regional, and global levels. These studies can also be very useful to select populations worthy of conservation measures (both in situ and ex situ), to define management units, and even to design population reinforcements or reintroductions. Genetic diversity studies can also provide new insights into the biological and evolutionary aspects of species (e.g., detection of hybridization events, bottlenecks and founder effects, and characterization of polyploidy). With the advent of phylogeographic markers (cpDNA and mtDNA and more recently SNPs and NGS-based markers), we have improved our understanding of the effect of time and space on genetic variation, allowing inferences about the location of Pleistocene refugia, but also reconstructing recolonization routes and estimating lineage age and identifying evolutionarily significant units. This information, in turn, is of utmost importance for the design of adequate conservation measures if the species under study is rare or threatened.

This Special Issue provides a platform to highlight new research from both empirical and theoretical perspectives. There are still many questions to be explored on biogeography, evolution, speciation and population genetics, and this Special Issue welcomes articles, opinions and reviews addressing any of these issues.

Dr. Jordi López-Pujol
Dr. Roser Vilatersana
Dr. Núria Garcia-Jacas
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • conservation genetics
  • genetic diversity
  • molecular markers
  • phylogeography
  • seed plants

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 5620 KiB  
Article
Molecular and Phytochemical Variability of Endemic Juniperus sabina var. balkanensis from Its Natural Range
by Nemanja Rajčević, Tanja Dodoš, Smiljana Janković, Pedja Janaćković, Valtcho D. Zheljazkov and Petar D. Marin
Diversity 2022, 14(12), 1062; https://doi.org/10.3390/d14121062 - 02 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1520
Abstract
Juniperus sabina L. var. balkanensis R.P. Adams & Tashev is a recently described endemic variety from the Balkan Peninsula. Its strong sprouting ability and fast vegetative propagation, on one hand, and fragmented distribution, on the other, can lead to lower genetic diversity in [...] Read more.
Juniperus sabina L. var. balkanensis R.P. Adams & Tashev is a recently described endemic variety from the Balkan Peninsula. Its strong sprouting ability and fast vegetative propagation, on one hand, and fragmented distribution, on the other, can lead to lower genetic diversity in local populations and to the differentiation of populations. As there has been no detailed investigation of this variety, we studied Balkan natural populations using phytochemical and molecular markers. Leaf essential oils (EOs) were chosen based on their proven usability in the population studies of Juniperus taxa, while ISSRs (Inter Simple Sequence Repeats) have been used due to their high resolution. In addition, since this variety is best described using molecular markers, the chloroplast trnS-trnG region was amplified from individuals from different populations having different chemotypes. Based on the essential oil profile, three chemotypes could be identified with a difference in their distribution. The analysis of molecular variance showed moderate differentiation of populations and regions, attesting to the start of the separation of three regions in the Balkans: west, east and south. The bioclimatic and environmental parameters and sex of the individual did not influence the EO profile, although some of the compounds present in low-to-medium concentrations showed strong correlation with several bioclimatic parameters. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conservation Genetics and Biogeography of Seed Plant Species II)
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15 pages, 2725 KiB  
Article
Molecular Insights into the Centaurea Calocephala Complex (Compositae) from the Balkans—Does Phylogeny Match Systematics?
by Jelica Novaković, Pedja Janaćković, Alfonso Susanna, Maja Lazarević, Igor Boršić, Sretco Milanovici, Dmitar Lakušić, Bojan Zlatković, Petar D. Marin and Núria Garcia-Jacas
Diversity 2022, 14(5), 394; https://doi.org/10.3390/d14050394 - 16 May 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2308
Abstract
Groups of recent speciation are characterized by high levels of introgression and gene flow, which often confounds delimitation of species on a DNA basis. We analyzed nuclear DNA sequences (ETS spacer and the AGT1 gene) obtained from a large sample of the C. [...] Read more.
Groups of recent speciation are characterized by high levels of introgression and gene flow, which often confounds delimitation of species on a DNA basis. We analyzed nuclear DNA sequences (ETS spacer and the AGT1 gene) obtained from a large sample of the C. calocephala complex from the Balkan clade of Centaurea sect. Acrocentron (Compositae, Cardueae-Centaureinae) together with a wide representation of other species from the section. Our main goals were to verify the monophyly of the complex as currently defined and to examine the possible presence of introgression and gene flow. Within the complex, species are well-delimited from a morphological point of view and probably originated by allopatric speciation in the Balkan Peninsula. Our results confirm that the Balkan–Eurasian complex is a natural group, but the Centaurea calocephala complex shows a very complicated pattern and its phylogeny is not resolved. Our hypothesis suggests that altitudinal shifts in the transits from glacial to interglacial periods caused successive hybridization events, which are very evident from the DNA networks, between taxa not currently sympatric. As a result, confirmation of interspecific boundaries using molecular markers is extremely complicated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Conservation Genetics and Biogeography of Seed Plant Species II)
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