New Insights into Diversity Patterns and Ecology of Bacterial Communities in Extreme Ecosystems

A special issue of Diversity (ISSN 1424-2818). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbial Diversity and Culture Collections".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 3188

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Science and Environmental Resources, La Frontera University, Temuco 4811-230, Chile
Interests: airborne microbiomes; algae-associated microbiomes; bacterial community diversity; extremophilic bacteria; plant-associated microbiomes; plant growth-promoting bacteria; sediment-associated microbiomes; soil microbiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
Interests: environmental microorganisms; microbial communities; water quality; pathogens; antibiotic resistant bacteria

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It has been estimated that more than 80% of the Earth’s surface is covered by extreme ecosystems, such as hot and cold deserts, oceanic deeps, salt lakes, volcanoes, and upper atmosphere. In addition, we currently carry out most of our daily activities in built environments, some of which have also been categorized as extreme environments because of their continuous exposure to antimicrobial agents (e.g., operating rooms in hospitals and clear rooms in food and pharmaceutical manufacturing). In these extreme ecosystems, bacteria have colonized, survived, and proliferated with other extremophile microorganisms (fungi and archaea) or higher organisms (animals, plants, and insects). Therefore, bacteria have evolved and developed a wide variety of strategies and mechanisms to live under harsh conditions in extreme ecosystems and built environments, such as exceptionally high or low values of temperature, pressure, oxygen, carbon dioxide, acidity, radiation, nutrients, water, salt, sugars, etc. In this context, culture-independent approaches and next-generation omics technologies are currently applied in the study of environmental bacteria. Thus, a new window has been opened in microbial ecology, revealing the huge diversity of bacteria in extreme ecosystems as never seen before. However, the ecological role, functions and interactions of bacterial communities with other extremophiles are still unknown in most extreme ecosystems and built environments.

In this Special Issue we invite microbiologists, biologists, biochemists and biotechnologists to contribute new insights into the diversity and ecology of bacterial communities present in extreme ecosystems.

Contributions can be focused on (but are not limited to):

  • Diversity of bacterial community in extreme ecosystems and built environments;
  • Interactions of bacterial communities with plants and animals living in extreme ecosystems;
  • Response to climate change of bacterial communities in extreme ecosystems;
  • Methods to study bacterial communities in extreme ecosystems and built environments;
  • Bioprospecting and biotechnological application of novel bacteria isolated from extreme ecosystems and built environments.

We welcome the submission of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches to investigate bacteria-mediated processes in extreme ecosystems and built environments, as well as studies on bioprospecting of the discovery and application of novel bioactive products in medicine, industry, agriculture, environmental protection, etc.

Dr. Milko A. Jorquera
Dr. Qian Zhang
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2139 KiB  
Article
Effect of Cultivable Bacteria and Fungi on the Limestone Weathering Used in Historical Buildings
by Clarisse Balland-Bolou-Bi, Mandana Saheb, Vanessa Alphonse, Alexandre Livet, Paloma Reboah, Samir Abbad-Andaloussi and Aurélie Verney-Carron
Diversity 2023, 15(5), 587; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15050587 - 23 Apr 2023
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Abstract
Limestone buildings in urban areas are weathered due to climatic factors, to pollution but also to biological activity. Many studies have focused on microbially-mediated precipitation of calcite but few on their influence on limestone dissolution rates. In this study, a cultivable approach for [...] Read more.
Limestone buildings in urban areas are weathered due to climatic factors, to pollution but also to biological activity. Many studies have focused on microbially-mediated precipitation of calcite but few on their influence on limestone dissolution rates. In this study, a cultivable approach for studying bacterial dissolution of limestone is proposed. The results show, for the first time, that limestone has selected a specific structure in the bacterial communities and that each bacterial class has its own metabolism inducing a different efficiency on the alteration of limestone grains. Cultivable bacterial and fungal strains in our study permit to considerably increase (by 100 to 1,000,000 times) the chemical weathering rates compared to laboratory or field experiments. Individually, the results bring information on the ability to alter limestone by dissolution. Moreover, taken together, a functional ecological adaptation of bacterial and fungal classes to the alteration of the limestone monument has been highlighted. In order to release calcium into solution, these strains slightly acidify the medium and produce low molecular mass organic acids during experiments, especially lactic and oxalic acids. Full article
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14 pages, 2683 KiB  
Article
Effects of Bacillus cereus on Survival, Fecundity, and Host Adaptability of Pine Wood Nematode
by Yuchao Yuan, Zhengmei Yan, Yangxue Chen, Jianren Ye and Jiajin Tan
Diversity 2023, 15(4), 566; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15040566 - 17 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1363
Abstract
To clarify the role of bacteria in PWD, three PWNs with different virulence (strongly virulent strain AMA3, normally virulent strain AA3, and weakly virulent strain YW4) were selected as research objects, and three strains of Bacillus cereus (nematode-associated bacteria GD1, Pinus massoniana endophytic [...] Read more.
To clarify the role of bacteria in PWD, three PWNs with different virulence (strongly virulent strain AMA3, normally virulent strain AA3, and weakly virulent strain YW4) were selected as research objects, and three strains of Bacillus cereus (nematode-associated bacteria GD1, Pinus massoniana endophytic bacteria GD2, and P. elliottii endophytic bacteria NJSZ-13) at different concentrations were used to determine their effects on the survival and fecundity of the nematodes. The results showed that strains GD1 and GD2 could significantly improve the survival and fecundity of PWNs at three different concentrations, while NJSZ-13 showed the opposite effects. The inoculation experiments showed that the disease index of P. massoniana under different treatments was as follows: AMA3 < a mixture of AMA3 and GD1 < a mixture of AMA3 and GD2. Similar results were shown in the Larix kaempferi inoculation experiment. Further, using RNA-sequencing analysis, we found that the up-regulated genes in PWN were sHsp 21, Hsp 70, and Hsp 72 after being treated by strains GD1 and GD2. The longevity regulatory pathways, MAPK signaling pathways, glutathione metabolic pathways, and cytochrome P450 metabolic pathways related to these genes are clearly enriched. These results show that the bacteria can improve the host adaptability of PWN, and endophytic bacteria of pine trees may be more effective in improving the host adaptability of nematodes than the associated bacteria of nematodes. Full article
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